Spanish politician
In this
Spanish name
, the first or paternal
surname
is
Albornoz
and the second or maternal family name is
Liminiana
.
Alvaro de Albornoz
Alvaro de Albornoz y Liminiana
(June 13, 1879, Asturias ? October 22, 1954, Mexico) was a Spanish lawyer, writer, and one of the founders of the Second Republic of Spain.
[1]
Early life
[
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]
He began his early studies in his native town of
Luarca
, then he went to the
University of Oviedo
to study law. During his university years he experienced the excitement of the Republican Party in
Oviedo
which was very common in the intellectual circles at that time. Some of his professors were
Leopoldo Alas
"Clarin" and Adolfo Alvarez Buylla, a knowledgeable Marxist and founder of the Sociology Seminary at the Faculty’s Library. After Oviedo, Albornoz continued to
Madrid
where he was influenced by
Francisco Giner de los Rios
and the "
Institucion Libre de Ensenanza
." Throughout these years, his social and political beliefs were shaped and reinforced.
He then returned to Luarca, where in 1899 he and Amalia Salas were married. April 29, 1900, in Luarca, the couple's first child, Maria de la Concepcion ("Concha") was born. The next year came "Alvarito," their son. Albornoz practiced law for ten years. He became more active with
socialist
activities and wrote for the "La Aurora Social," a political newspaper in
Asturias
. In 1909, he became a member of
Lerroux’s
Radical Republican Party
. He was elected to the Spanish parliament in 1910. Following the 1914 elections, Albornoz left politics and the
Radical Republican Party
to practice law and spend more time writing.
Political Career and the Second Spanish Republic
[
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]
In 1929, when in the "Carcel Modelo of Madrid" Albornoz would found, along with Marcelino Domingo, the new
Radical Socialist Republican Party
.
In 1930, after the "Pact of San Sebastian," Albornoz was arrested, imprisoned, and court martialed for Treason by the Supreme Court of War and Navy. His assigned defense attorney was
Victoria Kent
, the first woman to pass the Spanish bar. Albornoz was acquitted of all charges.
Albornoz was a member of the elected
Spanish Second Republic
, and, after the king fled Spain, a member of the Provisional Revolutionary Committee of 1930, and chairman of the constitutional draft committee," As the first president of the "Tribunal de Garantias Constitucionales," he eventually assumed responsibility for some of the reforms authorized by the new progressive constitution??included the dissolution of the Jesuit Fraternal order, secular divorce, suppression of the State budget for the "cult and cleric," and other provisions relating to the installation of a secular government. He also served as
Minister of Justice
and
Minister of Public Works
.
July 27, 1936, he was named the Spanish Second Republica's Ambassador to Paris. By September, he was replaced and faced with returning to a Spain inflamed by Civil War.
Life in Exile
[
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]
In 1939, Albornoz, Salas, and daughter
Concha de Albornoz
emigrated to Havana, Cuba; and finally to Mexico City. His son Alvarito, Alavarito's wife Maria Araceli, and their son later joined them.
In exile, Albornoz Alvaro continued his representation for the
Spanish Second Republic
and with the
Mexico City
community of Spanish exiles. He was a member of Spanish Republican Action. He also helped found the Ateneo Salmeron. He served on the committee of the Spanish Junta de Liberation, representing the Republican Left party, working closely with Indalecio Prieto. He continued to travel and advocate on behalf of the duly elected government of Spain. May 11, 1940, he was named President of the Republic of Spain in Exile (till June 27, 1945). He was also named Prime Minister from 1947 to 1951, two consecutive terms.
He corresponded with people in France and the United States. He attended a
United Nations
conference representing the
Second Spanish Republic
government. But
Franco
?supported by the Church and Industry?was ensconced and Albornoz's work on behalf of the duly elected government came to no avail.
Albornoz died October 22, 1954, in
Mexico City
.
Family
[
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]
Albornoz's nephew (son of his sister) was
Severo Ochoa
the winner of the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Arthur Kornberg.
He was also the grand-uncle and god-father of
Aurora de Albornoz
, celebrated poet and literary critic.
Works
[
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]
- La Instruccion, el ahorro y la moralidad de las clases trabajadoras
(1900)
- No liras, lanzas
(1903)
- Individualismo y socialismo
(1908)
- Ideario radical
(1913)
- El partido republicano
(1918)
- El temperamento espanol, la democracia y la libertad
(1921)
- La tragedia del estado espanol
(1925)
- La Democracia
(1925)
- Intelectuales y hombres de accion
(1927)
- La Libertad
(1927)
- El gran collar de la justicia
(1930)
- El gobierno de los caudillos militares
(1930)
- La politica religiosa de la Republica
(1935)
- Al servicio de la Republica. De la Union Republicana al Frente Popular. Criterios de Gobierno
(1936)
- Paginas del destierro
(1941).
- Semblanzas espanolas
(1954)
References
[
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]
- ^
Fernandez, Tomas y Tamaro, Elena: "Biografia de Alvaro de Albornoz Liminiana". In:
Biografias y Vidas. La enciclopedia biografica en linea
. Barcelona, Espana, 2004 (
online
)
Further reading
[
edit
]
- Garcia Delgado, J.L:
La II Republica espanola: el primer bienio
. Madrid, 1987.
- Garcia Volta, G:
Espana en la encrucijada. ¿La Constitucion de 1931, formula de convivencia?
Barcelona, 1987.
- Huertas, E:
La politica cultural de la Segunda Republica espanola
. Madrid, 1988.
- Payne, S:
La primera democracia espanola. La II Republica 1931-1936
. Barcelona, 1995.
External links
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