Political philosophy
Moderate conservatism
is a
politically moderate
version of
conservatism
that is less demanding than
classical conservatism
, and can be divided into several subtypes, such as
liberal conservatism
. The term is principally used in countries where the political camp is divided into “liberals” (meaning
social liberals
) on the left and “conservatives” on the right, rather than in countries whose political camps include
social democrats
on the left and their opponents on the right. For countries belonging to the former,
moderate liberalism
is sometimes contrasted with
moderate conservatism
.
[1]
The latter term can be applied to several countries, such as the United States, Poland,
[2]
South Korea,
[3]
and Japan.
[4]
Overview
[
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]
Moderate conservative
is not often used in most parts of Europe, where social democracy or
socialist
parties have grown into major parties since the early 20th century, because moderate conservatives in many European countries are liberal conservatives or
Christian democrats
. Despite this, the term has historically been widely used in Europe, particularly in the mid-19th and earlier century, when liberal-to-radical politics, or
classical radicalism
, formed the mainstream left in Europe and conservatives were the right opposition. The moderate conservatives of this period were contrasted with the moderate liberals.
[5]
It is also used as a contrast to
ultra-conservatism
.
[6]
By country
[
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]
Canada
[
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]
The main factions of the
Conservative Party of Canada
are the
Red Tory
and
Blue Tory
. Blue Tories value free markets and are more culturally liberal.
Japan
[
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]
The
K?chikai
faction that represents moderate conservatives within the right-wing
Liberal Democratic Party
. The incumbent Japanese prime minister
Fumio Kishida
is a member of the
K?chikai
faction, and he is also a "moderate conservative".
[4]
Yomiuri Shimbun
is a moderately conservative newspaper.
[7]
Yomiuri Shimbun
places more emphasis on moderate pro-American diplomacy rather than hawkish
Japanese nationalism
.
[8]
Poland
[
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]
The
Civic Platform
has supported a moderate conservative agenda.
[2]
The party is described in various ways in the Polish political context as
centre-right
,
[nb 1]
centrist
,
[nb 2]
and
centre-left
.
[nb 3]
South Korea
[
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]
In the 20th century,
liberal
in South Korea had the opposite meaning of
socialist
or
left-wing
. Therefore, some historical
liberals in South Korea
were considered conservatives or moderate conservatives.
[9]
Ahn Cheol-soo
was considered centrist reformist or centrist liberal (sometimes centre-left) in the early and mid 2010s but is now classified as centre-right and moderate conservative.
Park Heong-joon
and
Yoo Seung-min
are representative moderate conservatives.
[10]
[11]
JoongAng Ilbo
, a South Korean media outlet, is considered moderate conservative.
[3]
Sweden
[
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]
The major traditional right-wing party in Sweden was initially called the Conservative Party and later the Rightist Party, before adopting the
Moderate Party
name in 1969 to shed its ultraconservative image and espouse more
classical liberal
politics.
[12]
United States
[
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]
The
Republican Main Street Partnership
is a
Republican Party
(GOP) organization for moderate conservatives. Examples include
Maine
Senator
Susan Collins
, former Maryland Governor
Larry Hogan
, and
Arizona
Representative
Juan Ciscomani
. It has historically been associated with
Rockefeller Republicans
. Sometimes moderate conservatives are called "
Republicans in Name Only
" by more traditional conservatives.
[13]
Prominent moderate conservative United States presidents are
Dwight Eisenhower
,
Gerald Ford
, and
George H. W. Bush
.
[14]
Moderate conservative political parties and caucuses
[
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]
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
PO has often been described as centre-right:
- ^
PO has often been described as centrist:
- ^
PO has often been described as centre-right:
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"A Brain Scan Could Predict Political Leanings"
.
Psychology Today
. 14 July 2022
. Retrieved
22 February
2023
.
While data from most of the tasks indicated political leanings toward more moderate conservatism or moderate liberalism, the researchers found that the reward task aligned with extreme political views (very liberal or very conservative) and the empathy task most significantly correlated with moderate ideology.
- ^
a
b
"Tusk Vs Kaczy?ski: Explaining the Conflict"
.
Political Critique
. 4 May 2017
. Retrieved
21 February
2023
.
- ^
a
b
Dal Yong Jin, Nojin Kwak, ed. (2018).
Communication, Digital Media, and Popular Culture in Korea: Contemporary Research and Future Prospects
.
Lexington Books
. p. 125-126.
ISBN
9781498562041
.
Joongang Ilbo is considered a more moderate conservative daily and also publishes its English edition, Korea Joongang Daily, in an alliance with the International New York Times. These big three Korean newspapers have significant influences on ...
- ^
a
b
"Japan's new prime minister Fumio Kishida vows to be tough on China but 'courteous' at home"
.
The Times
. 29 September 2021
. Retrieved
21 February
2023
.
Fumio Kishida, a moderate conservative with a stern view of China's growing military assertiveness, will be Japan's new prime minister, after easily winning the election to lead the ruling Liberal Democratic Party.
- ^
Edmund Fawcett, ed. (2022).
Conservatism: The Fight for a Tradition
.
Princeton University Press
. p. 55.
ISBN
9780691233994
.
A blurring of conservative and liberal outlooks was noticed early on. Moderate conservatives, the German political observer Friedrich Bulau wrote in 1847, were not for no change, and moderate liberals did not call for total change.
- ^
Tatah Mentan, ed. (2013).
Democracy for Breakfast: Unveiling Mirage Democracy in Contemporary Africa
. African Books Collective. p. 167.
ISBN
9789956791279
.
Reflecting differences within the corporate community, there are moderate-conservative and ultra-conservative wings within it.
- ^
Daniel M. Kliman, ed. (2014).
Fateful Transitions: How Democracies Manage Rising Powers, from the Eve of World War I to China's Ascendance
. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 122.
ISBN
9780812290295
.
... observers in Japan identified other obstacles to China's continued economic growth.
Yomiuri Shimbun
, a moderately conservative newspaper and ...
- ^
Linus Hagstrom, ed. (2015).
Identity Change and Foreign Policy: Japan and its 'Others'
. Routledge. p. 101.
ISBN
9781317394860
.
It is particularly interesting to note that the more left-leaning Asahi Shimbun (333 articles) carried a higher number of articles and headlines than the conservative (but moderate and pro-American) Yomiuri Shimbun, and actually comes ...
- ^
"신민당"
.
Naver Knowledge Encyclopedia
(in Korean).
Doosan Encyclopedia
. Retrieved
19 September
2021
.
1967年의 第6代 大統領選擧와 第7代 國會議員 總選擧를 앞두고, 分裂된 保守 野黨勢力을 統合하여 平和的 政權交替를 이룩할 目標로 1967年 2月 7日에 創黨되었다.
[Ahead of the sixth presidential election and the seventh general election of the National Assembly in 1967, it was founded on February 7, 1967, with the aim of achieving a peaceful regime change by integrating divided conservative opposition forces.]
- ^
"South Korea's 19th Presidential Election: Lessons Learned"
.
The Diplomat
. 13 May 2017
. Retrieved
21 February
2023
.
Interestingly, 13.2 percent from the youngest group chose moderate conservative Yoo Seung-min, the highest of any group.
- ^
"Park Heong-joon, a 'moderate conservative' politician"
.
The Korea Times
. 7 April 2021
. Retrieved
21 February
2023
.
- ^
a
b
Nanna Kildal; Stein Kuhnle (2007).
Normative Foundations of the Welfare State: The Nordic Experience
. Routledge. p. 128.
ISBN
978-1-134-27282-2
.
- ^
"Opinion: Will The Real Republicans Please Stand Up?"
.
Yahoo!
. 28 February 2023
. Retrieved
1 March
2023
.
Anyone who didn't support the Florida Man, anyone who is a more moderate conservative, often gets tagged as a RINO ? Republican in Name Only.
- ^
"Straddling divide between GOP moderates and conservatives, Bush was last of a kind"
.
NBC News
. 1 December 2018
. Retrieved
28 May
2023
.
- ^
"A Dove From Hiroshima: Is Fumio Kishida Tough Enough To Lead Japan?"
.
Worldcrunch
. 10 October 2021
. Retrieved
28 February
2023
.
Kishida's character, coupled with the fact that he belongs to the moderate Kochikai faction within the LDP, inevitably means that he won't ...
- ^
Lucien Ellington, ed. (2009).
Japan
.
ABC-CLIO
. p. 168.
ISBN
9781598841626
.
- ^
"Liz Truss apologises for mistakes and vows to lead Tories into next election"
.
The Irish Times
. 17 October 2022
. Retrieved
28 February
2023
.
Ms Truss was due to meet the moderate One Nation Conservatives group in Parliament on Monday evening before an informal reception with her cabinet.
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