From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of launches made by the
Long March rocket family
. Launch attempts aborted or scrubbed before liftoff, including ones such as the attempt to launch a
Long March 2E
with
Optus B1
on 22 March 1992, where the engines were ignited but shut down on the pad, are not included. Launches made with the related
Feng Bao 1
carrier rocket
are not included.
Due to the size of the list, it has been split into several smaller articles:
Launch statistics
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]
Rockets from the Long March family have accumulated a total of 525 launches as of 22 June 2024
[update]
. Of these, 506 were successful, 10 were failures, and 9 were partial failures. The cumulative success rate is
96.4%.
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
-
Failure
-
Partial failure
-
Success
-
Planned
[1]
Anomalies and failures
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A
success
is a launch that deploys all payloads into the correct orbit without damage. The launch vehicle may experience an anomaly that does not affect the mission. The payload may experience an anomaly that was not caused by the launch.
- On 29 November 1994, the
Long March 3A
successfully deployed
Chinasat-5
into
geostationary transfer orbit
. However, the satellite failed to reach geostationary orbit due to a propellant leak.
- On 3 November 2016, the
Long March 5
experienced an anomaly in the second stage, failing to deploy the stack into the correct geostationary transfer orbit. However, the third stage was able to compensate for the performance shortfall with a longer burn.
A
partial failure
is a launch that reaches orbit, but at least one payload was not deployed into the correct orbit or suffered damage.
[2]
After a partial failure, a satellite may operate at reduced functionality or with a reduced lifetime. A common type of partial failure occurs when a satellite is deployed into a lower than intended orbit. The satellite can maneuver with its own propulsion system to reach the correct orbit, but this reduces the fuel available for station-keeping and shortens its operational life.
[3]
- On 29 January 1984, the maiden launch of the
Long March 3
failed to reach
geostationary transfer orbit
.
- On 28 December 1991, the
Long March 3
failed to deploy
DFH-2A-4
(
ChinaSat 4
) into geostationary transfer orbit.
- On 21 December 1992, the
Long March 2E
experienced a structural failure of the payload fairing, destroying the
Optus B2
communications satellite. The satellite's debris reached the correct orbit.
- On 28 November 1995, the
Long March 2E
damaged
AsiaSat 2
by subjecting it to excessive forces during the launch. The satellite was unable to broadcast to its full coverage area.
- On 18 August 1996, the
Long March 3
failed to deploy
ChinaSat 7
into geostationary transfer orbit.
- On 31 August 2009, the
Long March 3B
failed to deploy
Palapa-D
into geostationary transfer orbit. The satellite reached the intended orbit with its own propulsion system.
- On 28 December 2016, the
Long March 2D
failed to deploy the payloads into
Sun-synchronous orbit
. The primary payloads reached the correct orbit with their own propulsion systems, but the secondary payload had no propulsion system and reentered two months later.
- On 18 June 2017, the
Long March 3B
failed to deploy
ChinaSat 9A
into geostationary transfer orbit. The satellite maneuvered 10 times over a one-month period to reach the correct orbit.
- On 13 March 2024, the
Long March 2C
failed to deploy the DRO-A and DRO-B satellites into the planned trans-lunar injection orbit because of a failure of the
YZ-1A
upper stage. The satellites however remain operational in low Earth orbit.
A
failure
is a launch that does not deploy it into earth orbit.
- On 5 November 1974, the
Long March 2
lost control during its maiden launch.
- On 25 January 1995, the
Long March 2E
experienced another structural failure in the payload fairing, destroying the
Apstar 2
communications satellite.
- On 14 February 1996, the
Long March 3B
lost its guidance platform and veered off course, hitting a nearby village and killing at least 6 people.
- On 18 August 2011, the
Long March 2C
lost attitude control.
- On 9 December 2013, the
Long March 4B
experienced an early shutdown of its third stage and failed to reach orbit.
- On 31 August 2016, the
Long March 4C
failed to reach orbit.
- On 2 July 2017, the
Long March 5
experienced an anomaly in its first stage and failed to reach orbit.
- On 22 May 2019, the
Long March 4C
failed to reach orbit due to a problem with its third stage.
- On 16 March 2020, the first
Long March 7A
failed to reach orbit.
- On 9 April 2020, the
Long March 3B
failed to reach orbit with the
Palapa-N1 (Nusantara Dua)
satellite due to third stage failure.
- On 22 June 2024, the Long March 2C failed to reach orbit and crashing near an inhabited area.
References
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Sources
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- This Template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future
- Symbol
†
indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)
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