Dewey Square
is a
square
in
downtown
Boston, Massachusetts
which lies at the intersection of
Atlantic Avenue
,
Summer Street
,
Federal Street
,
Purchase Street
and the John F. Kennedy Surface Road, with the
Central Artery
(
I-93
) passing underneath in the
Dewey Square Tunnel
, which was built in the
Big Dig
.
South Station
is on the southeast corner of the square, with
Amtrak
and
MBTA Commuter Rail
services, as well as
Red Line
subway
trains and
Silver Line
bus rapid transit
underneath
.
It is named for the only
Admiral of the Navy
in U.S. history,
George Dewey
.
[1]
History
[
edit
]
The square was named in honor of Admiral
George Dewey
after his decisive 1898 victory in the
Battle of Manila Bay
. Before the Central Artery construction of the 1950s, it was simply an intersection with traffic islands and rail infrastructure, surrounded by buildings with no open space.
[2]
[3]
In 1898, Summer Street was extended east as a local road, and in 1899 the Summer Street Bridge was built across
Fort Point Channel
. Also in 1899, Federal Street was closed south of Dewey Square to make way for the new South Station, and Atlantic Avenue was extended along the west side of the new terminal along with a realignment of the
Union Freight Railroad
. Around this time, the
Boston Elevated Railway
reorganized its
streetcar
tracks into a
grand union
at the intersection of Summer and Atlantic.
[4]
The
Atlantic Avenue Elevated
came in 1901 with an elevated station (also called
South Station
) one block south of Dewey Square. It was closed in 1938 and torn down in the early 1940s; the Union Freight Railroad lasted until 1970.
The next major change came in the 1950s when the Central Artery was built. The whole area on the north and south sides of the square was cleared, and the Artery was built underground via the
Dewey Square Tunnel
. Atlantic Avenue became one-way northbound and Purchase Street one way southbound to the north of the square, and the new Surface Artery came in as a two-way road above the tunnel heading southwest from the square. Between 1969 and 1978, Boston closed both Federal Street and Summer Street for a block west of the square (they had formerly operated as a
one-way pair
). Summer Street has since reopened (as a two-way road), but Federal Street is still a
pedestrian mall
.
The
Big Dig
in the late 1990s and early 2000s kept the one-way configurations north of the square, but now Atlantic Avenue continues as one-way (northbound) south of the square, and Surface Artery is one-way southbound.
For some time, a temporary
intercity bus
depot for providers such as
Peter Pan
,
Trailways
and others was located just north of Dewey Square over the Central Artery. This temporary bus station replaced an earlier Trailways bus station that had been located in Park Square. All intercity buses were relocated in 1993 to the nearby
South Station Bus Terminal
just south of South Station, situated above the train tracks.
The area is now largely an open plaza at the southern end of the
Rose Kennedy Greenway
, which features food trucks
[5]
and a seasonal
farmer's market
[6]
operated by the
Boston Public Market
.
From September 30 to December 10, 2011, Dewey Square was the site of the
Occupy Boston
tent city.
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Dewey, Adelbert Milton (1899).
The life and letters of Admiral Dewey: from Montpelier to Manila containing reproductions in fac-simile of hitherto unpublished letters of George Dewey during the Admiral's naval career and extracts from his log-book
. New York: Eaton & Mains. p. 411.
United States Cruiser Olympia. Manila, Philippine Islands, November 22. 1898. Mr. W. W. Hubbard:
Dear Sir: ? I have the pleasure to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of October 10. informing me that you had introduced, and had passed through both branches of the Boston city government, an order naming the area in front of Boston's new Union Station, "Dewey Square." I have watched with much interest the building of this station, and have noted with a great deal of pride that this, the finest and largest in the world, has been erected by the foremost city of New England, and now, with increased interest and pride do I thank you, and beg that you will convey my thanks and appreciation to the members of both branches of the council for the honor with which they have so courteously favored me.
Yours very truly.
George Dewey.
- ^
"1922 Dewey Square map"
. Retrieved
2014-04-30
.
- ^
File:Boston ground 1880.jpg
- ^
"Boston 1899-1915 Plate 032"
. WardMaps LLC
. Retrieved
2016-12-25
.
- ^
"Dewey Square Park"
. Retrieved
2014-04-29
.
- ^
"Seasonal Markets"
.
Boston Public Market
. Retrieved
15 August
2019
.
External links
[
edit
]
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East?west streets
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North?south streets
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Intersections
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42°21′10″N
71°03′20″W
/
42.35283°N 71.05557°W
/
42.35283; -71.05557