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Laura Codru?a Kovesi - Wikipedia
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Laura Codru?a Kovesi

Laura Codru?a Kovesi ( nee  Lascu ; Romanian pronunciation: [?la.ura ko?drut?sa ?køve?i] ; born 15 May 1973) is the first European Chief Prosecutor and the former chief prosecutor of Romania's National Anticorruption Directorate (Romanian: Direc?ia Na?ional? Anticorup?ie - DNA ), a position she held from 2013 until she was fired on the order of Justice Minister Tudorel Toader on 9 July 2018. Prior to this, between 2006 and 2012 Kovesi was the Prosecutor General of Romania ( Romanian : Procuror General ), attached to the High Court of Cassation and Justice .

Laura Codru?a Kovesi
Kovesi in 2022
European Chief Prosecutor
Assumed office
31 October 2019 [1]
Preceded by Position established
Chief Prosecutor of the National Anticorruption Directorate
In office
17 May 2013?? 9 July 2018
President Traian B?sescu
Klaus Iohannis
Preceded by Daniel Morar
Succeeded by Marius Iacob (Acting) [2]
Prosecutor General of Romania
In office
2 October 2006?? 2 October 2012
President Traian B?sescu
Preceded by Ilie Boto?
Succeeded by Tiberiu Ni?u
Personal details
Born
Laura Codru?a Lascu

( 1973-05-15 ) 15 May 1973 (age?51)
Sfantu Gheorghe , Covasna County , Romania
Spouse
Eduard Kovesi
?
?
( m. ?2002; div. ?2007) ?
Education Babe?-Bolyai University
University of Sibiu
West University of Timi?oara

Upon appointment in 2006, Kovesi was the first woman and the youngest Prosecutor General in Romania's history. She is also the only public servant to have held the office of Prosecutor General for the entire duration of its term. [3]

Kovesi was described by The Guardian in 2015 as a "quiet, unassuming chief prosecutor who is bringing in the scalps", leading "an anti-corruption drive quite unlike any other in eastern Europe ? or the world for that matter". [4] Her tenure as head of the DNA has substantially increased public confidence in the institution, both within Romania and across the EU , with a 2015 poll reporting that a high 60% of Romanians trust the DNA (compared to 61% for the Romanian Orthodox Church and only 11% for the parliament ). [4] [5] In February 2016, Kovesi was renominated for chief prosecutor by the Ministry of Justice , based on the positive results achieved under her leadership. [6] [7]

In early 2018, Justice Minister Tudorel Toader proposed her dismissal as DNA chief prosecutor after presenting a report on her managerial activity at DNA based on 20 categories and allegations. [8] Among the accusations were: excessive authoritarian behavior, discretion of the Chief Prosecutor of the DNA, involvement in other prosecutors' inquiries, prioritization of the files according to the media impact, violating the decisions of the Constitutional Court of Romania and signing illegal agreements with the Secret Services. President Iohannis initially refused to dismiss her, but a Constitutional Court decision forced him to do so, stating that he can only verify its legality, not the arguments that lead to the proposal.

In October 2019, after beating out competition from French magistrate Jean-Francois Bohnert , Kovesi was confirmed as the first European Chief Prosecutor . [9]

On 5 May 2020, the European Court of Human Rights held that the aforementioned dismissal of Kovesi violated her right to a fair trial as well as her right to free speech. [10]

Life and studies

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Born in Sfantu Gheorghe as Laura Codru?a Lascu, Kovesi played professional basketball in her youth, at the club in Media? and in Sibiu , and was selected for the junior players national team which finished second in the 1989 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship for Women . Between 1991 and 1995, she studied law at the Babe?-Bolyai University in Cluj Napoca . In 2012, Kovesi graduated with a Ph.D. in Law (for which she studied at the West University of Timi?oara ) with a thesis on combating organized crime.

Codru?a Lascu married Eduard Kovesi, an ethnic Hungarian , and kept his surname after their divorce in 2007. She can speak Romanian and English . [11]

Professional activity

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Between 15 September 1995 and 1 May 1999, Kovesi was a prosecutor for the Court in Sibiu .

Between May 1999 and October 2012, Kovesi led the Directorate for Investigating Organized Crime and Terrorism (DIICOT) branch in Sibiu County .

On 2 October 2012, she replaced Ilie Boto? as the Prosecutor General of the Prosecutor's Office attached to the High Court of Cassation and Justice .

Direc?ia Na?ional? Anticorup?ie ( National Anticorruption Directorate )

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Under Kovesi's leadership, the DNA made notable progress against high-level corruption in Romania. [4] [12] having prosecuted dozens of mayors (such as Sorin Oprescu ), five MPs, two ex-ministers and a former prime minister in 2014 alone. Hundreds of former judges and prosecutors were also brought to justice, with a conviction rate above 90%. [4] In 2015, 12 members of parliament were investigated, including ministers: "we have investigated two sitting ministers, one of whom went from his ministerial chair directly to pre-trial detention", Kovesi said. [4]

As a result of the 2015 DNA yearly report, Kovesi declared that 431 million euros in bribes was the amount given in the cases that were presented to the Court. [13]

Victor Ponta , former Prime Minister of Romania and the highest-ranking government official currently under DNA investigation and prosecution, accused Kovesi of being "a totally unprofessional prosecutor trying to make a name by inventing and imagining facts and untrue situations from 10 years ago". These comments were posted on his Facebook page, following his indictment on charges of forgery , money laundering , and tax evasion, brought against him by the DNA. [4]

Controversies

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In 2018, former Romanian PM Victor Ponta posted a picture on his Facebook page in which Kovesi was sitting at the same table with politician Liviu Dragnea (former president of Social Democrat Party ) and former head of Romanian Intelligence George Maior . Victor Ponta explained that the picture was taken at a birthday party back in 2014, while Liviu Dragnea was under investigation for corruption charges by National Anticorruption Directorate of which chief prosecutor was Kovesi. This sparked doubt over the neutrality with which Kovesi was leading the National Anticorruption Directorate. [14] [15]

In 2018, the Social Democratic Party -led government established the "Department for Investigating Judicial Offences" to investigate prosecutors. This was criticized by the Venice Commission , who considered that they would likely undermine the independence of the Romanian prosecutors and judges and public confidence in the judiciary. [16]

Nevertheless, the government pushed forward, and, on 13 February 2019, Laura Codru?a Kovesi was summoned by this institution as a suspect in a case in which the allegations are malfeasance in office , bribery and false testimony , following a complaint by Sebastian Ghi?? ?[ ro ] , a fugitive politician and businessman prosecuted for corruption. [17] On 7 March 2019, Kovesi was summoned and questioned by the prosecutors of the Department for Investigating Judicial Offences; at the end she was notified that she was a suspect in a second, different investigation, where she was accused of coordinating an "organized group of prosecutors" which prosecuted people illegally. [18]

The Romanian High Court of Cassation and Justice disciplinary Prosecutor's Section issued a statement on 24 of June 2019, about one of the actions aimed at Laura Codru?a Kovesi. Prosecutors have dismissed the disciplinary action initiated by the Judicial Inspection over the former DNA Chief. The Romanian High Court of Cassation considered her innocent.

Merits and distinctions

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Decision (EU) 2019/1798 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2019 appointing the European Chief Prosecutor of the European Public Prosecutor’s Office , effective 31 October 2019.
  2. ^ M?d?lina B?l?ceanu (9 July 2018). "Marius Iacob asigur? interimatul la conducerea DNA" . Capital (in Romanian).
  3. ^ Lucia Efrim (1 October 2012), "Codru?a Kovesi - singurul procuror general al Romaniei care-?i duce mandatul pan? la cap?t" , Mediafax , retrieved 6 November 2015
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Bringing in the scalps: the woman leading Romania's war on corruption" , The Guardian , 4 November 2015 , retrieved 6 November 2015
  5. ^ "Romanians trust DNA almost as much as the Church" . Romania-Insider.com . Archived from the original on 27 April 2016 . Retrieved 9 March 2016 .
  6. ^ "Ministrul Justi?iei a f?cut anun?ul oficial: Kovesi, in fruntea DNA pentru inc? un mandat" . Ziare.com . Retrieved 9 March 2016 .
  7. ^ "Laura Codru?a Kovesi, reinvestita la ?efia DNA cu acte - Ministrul Justi?iei a trimis la CSM propunerea" . Ziare.com . Retrieved 9 March 2016 .
  8. ^ "Raportul lui Tudorel Toader prin care a cerut revocarea lui Kovesi. Care sunt cele 20 de capete de acuzare aduse ?efei DNA" . stiripesurse.ro . Retrieved 11 September 2018 .
  9. ^ "EU Public Prosecutor's Office - EPPO: Council confirms Laura Codru?a Kovesi as first European chief prosecutor" . www.consilium.europa.eu . Retrieved 16 December 2022 .
  10. ^ Peel, Michael; Hopkins, Valerie (5 May 2020). "European court rules Romania's anti-graft chief was wrongly dismissed" . Financial Times .
  11. ^ "CV. Kovesi, Laura Codru?a" (PDF) . juridice.ro . October 2012 . Retrieved 28 June 2023 .
  12. ^ "Romania anti-sleaze drive reaches elite - BBC News" , BBC News , 19 February 2015 , retrieved 6 November 2015
  13. ^ "Bilantul DNA pe 2015 Kovesi: Corup?ia in institu?iile de executare a pedepselor, prioritate in 2016 / Raluca Pruna va propune reinvestirea Codru?ei Kovesi / Livia Stanciu: Corup?ii fac eforturi uria?e pentru a disimula gravitatea faptelor, pentru a se erija in victime" . HotNewsRo (in Romanian) . Retrieved 14 June 2018 .
  14. ^ "O nou? fotografie cu Dragnea, Kovesi, Maior ?i Oprea, postat? de Ponta" .
  15. ^ "O nou? fotografie cu Dragnea "la ?pri?" cu Maior ?i Kovesi publicat? de Victor Ponta / Fotografia, f?cut? in 2014 la K2, una dintre vilele de protocol ale SRI" . 20 September 2018.
  16. ^ "Venice Commission warns on justice reform effects in Romania" . Romania Insider. 16 July 2018 . Retrieved 15 February 2019 .
  17. ^ "Laura Codru?a Kovesi, citat? la Sec?ia de investigare a infrac?iunilor din Justi?ie" . EuropaFM . 13 February 2019.
  18. ^ "Laura Codru?a Kovesi, suspect? intr-un al doilea dosar. Declara?iile f?cute dup? cinci ore petrecute in biroul Sec?iei speciale pentru magistra?i" . DIGI24 .
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