1210

1210 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1210 ; MCCX
Ab urbe condita	1963
Armenian calendar	659 ; ?? ???
Assyrian calendar	5960
Balinese saka calendar	1131?1132
Bengali calendar	617
Berber calendar	2160
English Regnal year	11? Joh.?1 ???12? Joh.?1
Buddhist calendar	1754
Burmese calendar	572
Byzantine calendar	6718?6719
Chinese calendar	己巳年 (Earth? Snake ) ; 3907 or 3700 ; ??to?? ; 庚午年 (Metal? Horse ) ; 3908 or 3701
Coptic calendar	926?927
Discordian calendar	2376
Ethiopian calendar	1202?1203
Hebrew calendar	4970?4971
Hindu calendars
?- Vikram Samvat	1266?1267
?- Shaka Samvat	1131?1132
?- Kali Yuga	4310?4311
Holocene calendar	11210
Igbo calendar	210?211
Iranian calendar	588?589
Islamic calendar	606?607
Japanese calendar	J?gen 4 ; (承元４年)
Javanese calendar	1118?1119
Julian calendar	1210 ; MCCX
Korean calendar	3543
Minguo calendar	702 before ROC ; 民前702年
Nanakshahi calendar	?258
Thai solar calendar	1752?1753
Tibetan calendar	?土蛇年 ; (female Earth- Snake ) ; 1336 or 955 or 183 ; ??to?? ; ?金?年 ; (male Iron- Horse ) ; 1337 or 956 or 184

Millennium :	2nd?millennium
Centuries :	12th?century ; 13th?century ; 14th?century ;
Decades :	1190s ; 1200s ; 1210s ; 1220s ; 1230s ;
Years :	1207 ; 1208 ; 1209 ; 1210 ; 1211 ; 1212 ; 1213 ;

Year 1210 ( MCCX ) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar .

Coronation of Maria of Montferrat (right) and John of Brienne in the Cathedral of Tyre .

Events edit

By place edit

Europe edit

May ? The Second Parliament of Ravennika , convened by Emperor Henry of Flanders , is held in the town of Ravennika (in modern Greece ), in order to resolve the differences between the princes of Frankish Greece , and the Roman Catholic clergy of their domains. The assembled nobles and prelates conclude a concordat , which recognizes the independence and immunity of all Church property in Frankish Greece from any feudal duties. ^[1]
July 18 ? Battle of Gestilren : Sverker II (the Younger), the exiled former King of Sweden, is defeated and killed by the reigning King Eric X (Knutsson). After the battle, Eric takes the Swedish throne and marries Princess Richeza of Denmark , daughter of the late King Valdemar I of Denmark ("the Great"). This to improve the relations with Denmark , which has traditionally supported the House of Sverker .
November 18 ? Emperor Otto IV is excommunicated by Pope Innocent III after he occupies Apulia in southern Italy . Otto annuls the Concordat of Worms and demands from Innocent recognition of the imperial crown's right. A German civil war breaks out, and Otto prepares an invasion against Frederick II , king of Sicily . ^[2]
November 21 ? Eric X is crowned ? which is the first known coronation of a Swedish king. He strengthens his relationship with his brother-in-law, King Valdemar II of Denmark ("the Conqueror"). Shortly after, Valdemar conquers Danzig (modern-day Gda?sk ) on the Baltic coast, and Eastern Pomerania from the Slavonic Wends . ^[3]
Battle of Umera : Estonian forces defeat the Crusaders of the Livonian Brothers of the Sword . The Estonians pursue the fleeing Crusaders and according to the Livonian Chronicle some of the prisoners are burned alive, while others have crosses carved on their backs with swords before being executed as well. ^[4]

England edit

The Papal Interdict of 1208 remains in force.
King John extends his taxes and raises ￡100,000 from church property as an extraordinary fiscal levy; the operation is described as an “inestimable and incomparable exaction” by contemporary sources. ^[5]
November 1 ? John orders that Jews across the country have to pay a tallage , a sum of money to the king. Those who do not pay are arrested and imprisoned. Many Jews are executed or leave the country. ^[6]

Levant edit

September 14 ? The 18-year-old Maria of Montferrat marries the French nobleman John of Brienne , who brings a dowry of 40,000 silver pounds (from King Philip II and Pope Innocent III). On October 3 , the couple is crowned as King and Queen of Jerusalem in the Cathedral of Tyre (modern Lebanon ). ^[7]

Asia edit

Jochi , Mongol leader and eldest son of Genghis Khan , begins a campaign against the Kyrgyz . Meanwhile, Emperor Xiang Zong of Western Xia agrees to submit to Mongol rule, he gives his daughter, Chaka, in marriage to Genghis and pays him a tribute of camels, falcons, and textiles. ^[8]
December 12 ? Emperor Tsuchimikado abdicates the throne in favor of his younger brother, Juntoku , after a 12-year reign. He is the second son of the former Emperor Go-Toba and becomes the 84th emperor of Japan .

By topic edit

Art and Culture edit

1210? 1211 ? Shazi creates the Pen Box , from Persia ( Iran ) or Afghanistan (it is now kept at Freer Gallery of Art , Smithsonian Institution , Washington, D.C. ).
Gottfried von Strassburg writes his epic poem Tristan (approximate date).

Astronomy edit

September 24 ? Venus occults Jupiter (the last such occurrence until 1570 ).

Religion edit

Pope Innocent III allows the formation of the mendicant order of Francis of Assisi , to begin the Order of Friars Minor .
The church of St Helen's Bishopsgate in the City of London is founded, as a priory of Benedictine nuns.

Births edit

May 5 ? Afonso III (the Boulonnais), king of Portugal (d. 1279 )
June 24 ? Floris IV , Dutch nobleman and knight (d. 1234 )
July 22 ? Joan of England , queen of Scotland (d. 1238 ) ^[9]
unknown date ? Alice of Montferrat , queen consort of Cyprus (d. 1233 )

Deaths edit

March 29 ? Fakhr al-Din al-Razi , Persian polymath (b. 1150 )
May 6 ? Conrad II, Margrave of Lusatia , German nobleman and knight (b. 1159 )
May 13 ? Noriko (or Hanshi), Japanese empress (b. 1177 )
July 17 ? Sverker II (the Younger), king of Sweden
October 16 ? Matilda of Boulogne , duchess of Brabant
November 14 ? Qutb al-Din Aibak , Indian ruler (b. 1150)
November 30 ? Florence of Holland , Scottish bishop
December 14 ? Soffredo , Italian cardinal and patriarch
Aonghus mac Somhairle , Norse-Gaelic chieftain
Gottfried von Strassburg , German poet and writer
Halldora Eyjolfsdottir , Icelandic nun and abbess
Jean Bodel , French poet and writer (b. 1165 )
Jinul (or Chinul), Korean Zen Master (b. 1158 )
Majd ad-D?n Ibn Athir , Zangid historian (b. 1149 )
Maud de Braose , English noblewoman (b. 1155 )
Muhammad II , ruler of the Alamut state (b. 1148 )
Praepositinus , Italian philosopher and theologian
Risteard de Tiuit , Norman warrior and nobleman
Robert of Braybrooke , English landowner (b. 1168 )
William FitzAlan , Norman nobleman and knight

References edit

^ Miller, William (1908). The Latins in the Levant: A History of Frankish Greece (1204?1566) , p. 75. London: John Murray. OCLC 563022439 .
^ Dunham, S. A. (1835). A History of the Germanic Empire, Vol I , p. 196.
^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History , p. 133. ISBN 0-304-35730-8 .
^ Subrena, Jean-Jacques (2004). Estonia: Identity and Independence , p. 301. ISBN 90-420-0890-3 .
^ Ferris, Eleanor (1902). "The Financial Relations of the Knights Templars to the English Crown". American Historical Review . 8 (1): 1?17. doi : 10.2307/1832571 . JSTOR 1832571 .
^ Carpenter, David (2004). The Struggle for Mastery: The Penguin History of Britain (1066?1284) , p. 272. London: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-014824-4 .
^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre , p. 113. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0 .
^ Man, John (2004). Genghis Khan: Life, Death, and Resurrection , p. 162. New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-553-81498-9 .
^ Elizabeth Ewan, ed. (2006). The biographical dictionary of Scottish women?: from the earliest times to 2004 (Reprinted?ed.). Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press. p.? 400 . ISBN 0-7486-1713-2 .

[1] Miller, William (1908). The Latins in the Levant: A History of Frankish Greece (1204?1566) , p. 75. London: John Murray. OCLC 563022439 .

[2] Dunham, S. A. (1835). A History of the Germanic Empire, Vol I , p. 196.

[3] Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History , p. 133. ISBN 0-304-35730-8 .

[4] Subrena, Jean-Jacques (2004). Estonia: Identity and Independence , p. 301. ISBN 90-420-0890-3 .

[5] Ferris, Eleanor (1902). "The Financial Relations of the Knights Templars to the English Crown". American Historical Review . 8 (1): 1?17. doi : 10.2307/1832571 . JSTOR 1832571 .

[6] Carpenter, David (2004). The Struggle for Mastery: The Penguin History of Britain (1066?1284) , p. 272. London: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-014824-4 .

[7] Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre , p. 113. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0 .

[8] Man, John (2004). Genghis Khan: Life, Death, and Resurrection , p. 162. New York City: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-553-81498-9 .

[9] Elizabeth Ewan, ed. (2006). The biographical dictionary of Scottish women?: from the earliest times to 2004 (Reprinted?ed.). Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press. p.? 400 . ISBN 0-7486-1713-2 .

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Millennium :	2nd?millennium
Centuries :	12th?century 13th?century 14th?century
Decades :	1190s 1200s 1210s 1220s 1230s
Years :	1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213

Gregorian calendar	1210 MCCX
Ab urbe condita	1963
Armenian calendar	659 ?? ???
Assyrian calendar	5960
Balinese saka calendar	1131?1132
Bengali calendar	617
Berber calendar	2160
English Regnal year	11? Joh.?1 ???12? Joh.?1
Buddhist calendar	1754
Burmese calendar	572
Byzantine calendar	6718?6719
Chinese calendar	己巳年 (Earth? Snake ) 3907 or 3700 ??to?? 庚午年 (Metal? Horse ) 3908 or 3701
Coptic calendar	926?927
Discordian calendar	2376
Ethiopian calendar	1202?1203
Hebrew calendar	4970?4971
Hindu calendars
?- Vikram Samvat	1266?1267
?- Shaka Samvat	1131?1132
?- Kali Yuga	4310?4311
Holocene calendar	11210
Igbo calendar	210?211
Iranian calendar	588?589
Islamic calendar	606?607
Japanese calendar	J?gen 4 (承元４年)
Javanese calendar	1118?1119
Julian calendar	1210 MCCX
Korean calendar	3543
Minguo calendar	702 before ROC 民前702年
Nanakshahi calendar	?258
Thai solar calendar	1752?1753
Tibetan calendar	?土蛇年 (female Earth- Snake ) 1336 or 955 or 183 ??to?? ?金?年 (male Iron- Horse ) 1337 or 956 or 184