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??????? ????? ( ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? Optical Fiber) ???? ?? ????????? ???? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ?? ??? ????, ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? [?]


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  1. Senior, John M.; Jamro, M. Yousif (2009). Optical fiber communications: principles and practice. Pearson Education. pp. 7?9. ISBN 013032681X .