Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

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<nowiki>Republica de las Dos Naciones; Polsk-lithaiska samveldið; Komanwel Poland?Lithuania; Речь Посполитæ; Republic of Both Nations; ? ?????? - ???????? ? ??? ??? ????; Жечпосполита; Uniunea Polono-Lituanian?; 波蘭立陶宛聯邦; Republika oboch narodov; Republica de las Doas Nacions; Муштаракулманофеи Ла?истон-Литва; 波?立陶宛?邦; Cunfederatzione Polacu-Lituana; Rech Pospolita; Respubliko de Amba? Nacioj; Полско-литванска Државна Заедница; Poljsko-Litvanska Unija; Co-unnaneys y Pholynn as y Litaan; republique des Deux Nations; Poljsko-Litavska Unija; Republika Dweju Narodowu; ??????-???????? ??????????; ?????-????????? ??????????; Polsko-Litawska; Lien bang Ba Lan?Litva; 波蘭立陶宛聯邦; ??? ?????????; Pools-Litause Gemenebes; Државна за?едница По?ске и Литвани?е; 波?立陶宛?邦; Komonwelt han Polonya-Lituania; Republica das Duas Nacoes; 波?立陶宛?邦; Comhlathas na Polainne - na Liotuaine; Det polsk-litauiske samveldet; Polen-Litauen; Rec Pospolita; Republica das Duas Nacoes; Poola-Leedu riik; 폴란드-리투아니아; Polsk-litauiska samvaldet; Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth; ????????? ???????? ?????????; Republik an Div Vroad; Dr?avna zajednica Poljske i Litvanije; Р?ч Посполита; 波蘭立陶宛聯邦; Ket Nemzet Koztarsasaga; Abidv?ju Taut? Respobl?ka; Рэч Паспал?тая; Bi Nazioen Errepublika; Persemakmuran Polandia-Lituania; Republica de les Dos Naciones; Confederacio de Polonia i Lituania; Речь Посполитая; Polen-Litauen; Lehistan-Litvanya Birli?i; Komonuelthi Polako-Lituanez; Државна за?едница По?ске и Литвани?е; 波蘭立陶宛聯邦; Den polsk-litauiske realunion; ???????-?????? ?????????????; ポ?ランド?リトアニア共和?; ????????????? ??????????????; Речь Посполитая; ????????? ???????? ?????????; Gweriniaeth Pwyl a Lithwania; ?????? ??????-?????; Res Publica Utriusque Nationis; Abiej? Taut? Respublika; Πολωνικ?-Λιθουανικ? Κοινοπολιτε?α; 波?立陶宛; Puola-Liettua; Рэч Паспал?тая; Republic of Both Nations; Poalsk-Litouske Mienebest; ???????-???????????? ???????????; Confederazione polacco-lituana; Lehistan-Litvaniya birligi; ??? ?????????; Pho-lan Lietuva; Rzeczpospolita; Puolejis-L?tovys Sadraudzeiba; ???????-??????? ???????; Речь посполита; ??????-??????? ?????????????; Polonia-Lituania; Lehistan-Litvaniya birligi; Dr?avna zajednica Poljske i Litvanije; Commonwealth tal-Polonja u tal-Litwanja; ??????-???????? ???? ??????; ??????-???????? ???? ??????; ?????-????????? ????????; Poljsko-litovska zveza; Реч Посполита; Polsko-litevska unie; Confederasion połaco-lituana; ????????????????????????????; Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodow; Co-fhlaitheas na Polainn - Liotuainia; Pools-Litouwse gemenebest; 波蘭立陶宛聯邦; Poole-Litaue; Польско-литовска уния (1569?1795); Republica d'as Dos Nacions; Republica das Duas Nacions; Kemeneth Polonek-Lithuaniek; Republic of Both Nations; Polijas?Lietuvas ?nija; (1569-1795) antiguo pais de Europa Oriental formado por la union del Reino de Polonia y el Gran Ducado de Lituania; a lengyel?litvan allamisag realunios korszaka (1569?1795); историческое многонациональное монархическое государство в Центральной Европе (Корона Королевства Польского и Великого Княжества Литовского); Adelsrepublik, historischer feudaler Standestaat und Wahlkonigtum (1569?1795); федэраты?ная манарх?я, што ?тварылася ? 1569 годзе з Вял?кага Княства Л?то?скага, Рускага ? Жамойцкага ? Польскага Карале?ства; 1569-1795年間的波蘭歷史時期; Historisk kongedømme i Europa; 1569-1795 Avrupa'da iki konfederasyonlu monar?i; かつて東ヨ?ロッパに存在した?家; historisk stasbildning; сх?дно?вропейська федеративна держава, що ?снувала на територ?? сучасних Польщ?, Литви, Укра?ни, Б?лорус?, Латв??, Рос?? протягом 1569?1795 рр; foedus Poloniae et Lituaniae ab anno 1569 ad annum 1795; itaeurooppalainen valtio vuosina 1569?1795; eks?tato en E?ropo (1569?1795); historicky statni utvar; biv?a dvofederalna dr?ava; monarchia elettiva dell'Europa orientale, esistita tra il 1569 e il 1795; Etat polono-lituanien, de 1569 a 1795; personalna unija Kraljevine Poljske i Velike Kne?evine Litve; historiski stat w srjed?nej a wuchodnej Europje; Monarquia bi-confederada de 1569?1795 na Europa; stat doppju u bikonfederazzjoni; Valsts Eirop? no 1569. l?dz 1795. gadam; Lenkijos karalyst?s ir LDK federacin? aristokratin? monarchija, susik?rusi po Liublino unijos 1569 m. ir gyvavusi iki 1791 m. gegu??s 3 d.; ??????? ??? ?????; historical multinational monarchist state in Central Europe (Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania); Monarquia bi-confederada de 1569?1795 na Europa; confederale kiesmonarchie van Polen en Litouwen; konfederasi dua monarki di Eropa dari 1569 hingga 1795; historyczne wielonarodowo?ciowe pa?stwo monarchistyczne w ?rodkowej Europie (Korona Krolestwa Polskiego i Wielkie Ksi?stwo Litewskie); føderal monarki-republikk mellom Kongedømmet Polen og Storfyrstedømmet Litauen (1569?1795); M?rk?zi Avropada tarixi coxmill?tli monarxist dovl?t (Pol?a Krallı?ının tacı v? Litva Boyuk Hersoqlu?u); Stat, dechonaidhm stairiuil, a bhi inti o 1569 go dti 1795; 1569年 ~ 1795年 유럽의 同君聯合 君主國; Poola kuningriigi ning Leedu suurvurstiriigi liitriik (aadlivabariik); ??????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ?.?. 1569 ??? 1795; historical multinational monarchist state in Central Europe (Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania); ???? ?????; historical multinational monarchist state in Central Europe (Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania); historical multinational monarchist state in Central Europe (Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania); Confederacion Polaco Lituana; Confederacion Polaco Lituana; Mancomunidad polaco-lituana; Manocomunidad polaco lituana; Mancomunidad Polaco Lituana; Mancomunidad de Polonia-Lituania; Mancomunidad de Polonia Lituania; Primera Republica de Polonia; Confederacion Polaco-Lituana; Manocomunidad polaco-lituana; Republica de las Dos Naciones; Primera Republica de Polonia; Confederacion Polaco-Lituana; Union Polaco-Lituana; Reino de Polonia; Primera Republica polaca; Primera Republica polaca; Lengyel?Litvan Nemzetkozosseg; Mancomunitat poloneso-lituana; Mancomunitat polones-lituana; Mancomunitat polaco-lituana; Mancomunitat de Polonia-Lituania; Mancomunitat de Polonia-Lituania; Imperi Polones; Republica de les Dues Nacions; Gweriniaeth y Ddwy Genedl; Republic of Both Nations; Commonwealth of Poland; Poland?Lithuania; First Republic of Poland; Poland; ??????? ?????????????? ? ???????? ??? ????????????; 波蘭-立陶宛聯邦; 波蘭立陶宛邦聯; 波立聯邦; 波?立陶宛?邦; 波?第一共和?; 波?-立陶宛王?; Republikken af to Nationer; Rzeczpospolita; Polsk-litauiske realunion; Polen-Litauen; Uniunea celor dou? na?iuni; Uniunea celor dou? na?iuni; Republica celor dou? na?iuni; Uniunea polono-lituanian?; Republica celor dou? na?iuni; Federa?ia celor dou? na?iuni; Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodow; Uniunii statale polono-lituaniene; Federa?ia celor dou? na?iuni; Uniunea statal? polono-lituanian?; 二民族の共和?; ポ?ランド?リトアニア連合?家; ポ?ランド＝リトアニア共和?; ??民の共和?; ポ?ランド?リトアニア; ?民族の共和?; 二?民の共和?; ??achticka republika; Prva rzeczpospolita; Prva po?ska republika; Po?sko-litovsky ?tat; Po?sko-litovska unia; Polsk-litauiska riket; Polen-Litauen; Polen?Litauen; ????????????????????????; ??????????????????-?????????; ??????????????????; ???????-?????????; ???????? ??????? ??????; ??? ????? ?????? ?????; ?????? ?????? ?????; ???????? ?? ?????: ?????? ??????-?????; ?????? ??????-?????; ???????? ??? ?????; ??? ????? ??????-?????; ????? ????? ????; Serenissima res publica coronae regni Poloniae magnique ducatus Lithuaniae; Unione Polonia-Lituania; Repubblica delle Due Nazioni; Republica dei Due Popoli; Repubblica dei due Popoli; Polonia e Lituania; Regno polacco-lituano; Confederazione lituano-polacca; Polonia-Lituania; Stato polacco-lituano; Riocht na Polainne agus Ard-Diucacht na Liotuaine; C?ng hoa hai qu?c gia; N??c c?ng hoa thanh binh nh?t; Kh?i th?nh v??ng chung Ba Lan - Litva; C?ng hoa l??ng qu?c Ba Lan-Litva; Lien bang Ba Lan ? Litva; Kh?i th?nh v??ng chung Ba Lan-Lithuania; Lien bang Ba Lan-Litva; C?ng hoa c?a hai qu?c gia; Kh?i th?nh v??ng chung Ba Lan-Litva; C?ng hoa Ba Lan - Litva; V??ng qu?c Ba Lan va đ?i Cong qu?c Litva; 두 民族의 共和國; 폴란드-리투아니아 聯邦; 폴란드 聯邦; 폴란드-리투아니아 同君聯合; Puolan kuningaskunta ja Liettuan suuriruhtinaskunta; Liettua-Puola; Molempien kansojen tasavalta; Molempain kansojen tasavalta; Republic of Both Nations; Commonwealth of Poland; Poland?Lithuania; First Republic of Poland; Poland; Nejjasn?j?i Republika polska; Republika obou narod?; Prvni rzeczpospolita; Polsko-litevsky stat; ?lechticka republika; Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth; Речь Посполита; Республика Обоих Народов; Ржеч Посполита; Жечь Посполитая; Жечь Посполита; Pobblaght y Daa Ashoon; y Pholynn-Litaan; Республ?ка Обох Нац?й; Республ?ка Обидвох Нац?й; Pologne-Lituanie; Pologne-Lithuanie; Republique polono-lituanienne; Republique nobiliaire; Rzeczpospolita; royaume de Pologne et Lituanie; Premiere republique de Pologne; Pools-Litouws Gemenebest; Republiek der Beide Volkeren; Polen-Litouwen; Pools-Litouwse confederatie; Рэч Паспал?тая Абодвух Народа?; Unija dva naroda; Poljska-Litva; Krolestwo Polskie i Wielkie Ksi?stwo Litewskie; Rzeczpospolita Polska; I Rzeczpospolita; Polska; Konfederasi Lituania-Polandia; Persemakmuran Lituania Polandia; Konfederasi Polandia-Lituania; Persemakmuran Polandia-Lithuania; Poola-Leedu; Molema Rahva Vabariik; I vabariik; Речь Посполитая; Republika wobeju narodow; Pr?nja polska republika; Primeira Republica Polonesa; Serenissima Respublica Poloniae; Comunidade polaco-lituana; Rzeczpospolita obojga narodow; Comunidade dos Dois Povos; Comunidade polonesa-lituana; Polonia-lituania; Comunidade das Duas Nacoes; Serenissima Respublica Poloniæ; Primeira Republica da Polonia; Primeira Republica Polaca; ?e?puospol?ta; ?e?pospol?ta; R?e?pospolita; ?e?pospo?ita; Re?a Pospo?ita; Polijas-Lietuvas savien?ba; Polijas-Lietuvas ?nija; R?e?pospo?ita; Polija-Lietuva; Polijas-Lietuvas kopvalsts; ?e?pospolita; Polija-Lietuva ?nija; Polija - Lietuva; Pole-Litaue; ?e?pospolita; ATR; LLV; Lenkijos-Lietuvos valstyb?; Poljska-Litva; republika obeh narodov; republika dveh narodov; prva poljska republika; По?ско-литванска за?едница; Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodow; По?ско-литванска државна за?едница; Државна за?едница оба народа; Primeira Republica Polonesa; Serenissima Respublica Poloniae; Comunidade polaco-lituana; Rzeczpospolita obojga narodow; Comunidade dos Dois Povos; Comunidade polonesa-lituana; Polonia-lituania; Comunidade das Duas Nacoes; Serenissima Respublica Poloniæ; Primeira Republica da Polonia; Primeira Republica Polaca; ???????-?????? ??????????; ??? ?????????; ??? ?????????; Polonya-Lituania nga Komonwelt; Rzeczpospolita; Tonasjonsrepublikken; Den polsk-litauiske realunion; Den polsk-litauiske realunionen; Det polsk-litauiske samvelde; Den polsk-litauiske realunion; Det polsk-litauiske samvelde; Rzeczpospolita; Det polsk-litauiske samveldet; Polsk-litauiske samveldet; Rec Pospolita dovl?ti; Pol?a; Republica d'as Dos Nazions; Ржечпосполита; Полско-литовската държава; Ржеч Посполита; Полско-литовска държава; Жеч Посполита; Реч Посполита; Полша-Литва; Polonya-Litvanya Cumhuriyeti; Polonya-Litvanya Birli?i; Republik Beider Nationen; Erste Polnische Republik; Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodow; Konigreich Polen und Großfurstentum Litauen; Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth; Republic of Both Nations; Commonwealth of Poland; First Republic of Poland; Poland; Poland?Lithuania; ??????? ???????? ?????????; ????????? ???????? ????????; Commonwealth of Poland; First Republic of Poland; Poland; Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth; Poland?Lithuania; Komunumo Pola-Litova; Pollando-Litovio; Respubliko de Pola Kronlando kaj de Granda Duklando de Litovio</nowiki>
Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth 
historical multinational monarchist state in Central Europe (Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania)
Upload media
Instance of
Capital
Basic form of government
Legislative body
Official language
Anthem
  • Gaude Mater Polonia
Currency
Has part(s)
Inception
  • 11 June 1569
Dissolved, abolished or demolished date
  • 24 October 1795
Population
  • 7,500,000 (1580)
  • 11,000,000 (1650)
  • 12,300,000 (1771)
Area
  • 865,000 km² (1580)
  • 878,000 km² (1650)
  • 718,000 km² (1771)
Replaces
Different from
Map50° 03′ 00″ N, 19° 56′ 00″ E
Authority file
Wikidata  Q172107
VIAF ID: 280847926
GND ID: 1060577984
NL CR AUT ID: xx0271930
Edit infobox data on Wikidata

The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (or Commonwealth of Both Nations) was a federal aristocratic republic formed by the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1569 with roots in the Polish-Lithuanian Union of 1387 , lasting until 1795.

Maps

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  • After the Treaty of Dywilino
    After the Treaty of Dywilino
  • Voivodeships
    Voivodeships
  • Commonwealth of Both Nations at the peak of its strength
    Commonwealth of Both Nations at the peak of its strength
  • Borders of the Commonwealth in 1619, superimposed on present-day national borders
    Borders of the Commonwealth in 1619, superimposed on present-day national borders
  • Commonwealth during The Deluge and Chmielnicki's Uprising
    Commonwealth during The Deluge and Chmielnicki's Uprising

Partitions

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  • First partition
    First partition
  • Second partition
    Second partition
  • Third partition
    Third partition
  • Partitions of Poland - English map from the 18th century
    Partitions of Poland - English map from the 18th century

Parliament

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Marshals

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  • The Marshal's cane was the insignium of the power in the parliament
    The Marshal's cane was the insignium of the power in the parliament
  • Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, 1667
    Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, 1667
  • Franciszek Bieliński, 18th century
    Franciszek Bieli?ski, 18th century

Senate

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  • Senate session in the Jasna Góra Monastery, 1661
    Senate session in the Jasna Gora Monastery, 1661
  • Senate Chamber at the Wawel Castle in Kraków, second half of the 16th century
    Senate Chamber at the Wawel Castle in Krakow, second half of the 16th century
  • Old Senate Chamber at the Royal Castle in Warsaw, second half of the 16th century (demolished)
    Old Senate Chamber at the Royal Castle in Warsaw, second half of the 16th century (demolished)
  • New Senate Chamber at the Royal Castle in Warsaw, 1733
    New Senate Chamber at the Royal Castle in Warsaw, 1733

Chamber of Deputies

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  • Diet (Seym) session (two chambers together) at the Royal Castle in Warsaw, 1622
    Diet (Seym) session (two chambers together) at the Royal Castle in Warsaw, 1622
  • Chamber of Deputies at the Wawel Castle in Kraków, first half of the 16th century
    Chamber of Deputies at the Wawel Castle in Krakow, first half of the 16th century
  • Old Chamber of Deputies at the Royal Castle in Warsaw, first half of the 16th century
    Old Chamber of Deputies at the Royal Castle in Warsaw, first half of the 16th century
  • New Chamber of Deputies at the Royal Castle in Warsaw, second half of the 17th century
    New Chamber of Deputies at the Royal Castle in Warsaw, second half of the 17th century

Civitates Orbis Terrarum

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People

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Women

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Army

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Economy

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  • Przybyła Granary in Kazimierz Dolny, 1591
    Przybyła Granary in Kazimierz Dolny, 1591
  • Allegory of Gdańsk trade, 1608
    Allegory of Gda?sk trade, 1608
  • Lamentation over the dead credit, ca. 1655
    Lamentation over the dead credit, ca. 1655
  • Kretkowski-Guldenstern carpet, ca. 1667
    Kretkowski-Guldenstern carpet, ca. 1667

Art and culture

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Architecture

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Fortifications

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  • Fortifications of Zamość, 1617
    Fortifications of Zamo??, 1617
  • Fortified Krzyżtopór Palace, 1655
    Fortified Krzy?topor Palace, 1655
  • Fortifications of the Holy Trinity, 1660s
    Fortifications of the Holy Trinity, 1660s
  • Fortifications of Gdańsk, 1740
    Fortifications of Gda?sk, 1740

Tenements

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  • Black House in Lviv, Pietro di Barbona, 1588–1589
    Black House in Lviv, Pietro di Barbona, 1588?1589
  • Golden House in Gdańsk, Abraham van den Blocke, 1609–1618
    Golden House in Gda?sk, Abraham van den Blocke, 1609?1618
  • Star House in Toruń, 1697
    Star House in Toru?, 1697
  • Prażmowski House in Warsaw, Jakub Fontana, 1754
    Pra?mowski House in Warsaw, Jakub Fontana, 1754

Timber

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  • Manor house in Czarnożyły, 17th century
    Manor house in Czarno?yły, 17th century
  • St. Paraskeva Church in Kwiatoń, 1700
    St. Paraskeva Church in Kwiato?, 1700
  • Carmelite Church in Kėdainiai, 1703-1766
    Carmelite Church in K?dainiai, 1703-1766
  • Synagogue in Gąbin, 1710
    Synagogue in G?bin, 1710

Town Halls

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  • Town Hall in Zamość, Bernardo Morando and Jan Jaroszewicz, 1591–1651
    Town Hall in Zamo??, Bernardo Morando and Jan Jaroszewicz, 1591?1651
  • Town Hall in Mahilyow, Master Kruzberg of Bykhaw, 1679–1692
    Town Hall in Mahilyow, Master Kruzberg of Bykhaw, 1679?1692
  • Town Hall in Buchach, Bernard Meretyn, 1750-1751
    Town Hall in Buchach, Bernard Meretyn, 1750-1751
  • Town Hall in Kaunas, Jonas Matekeris, 1771-1775
    Town Hall in Kaunas, Jonas Matekeris, 1771-1775

Painting

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  • Dance of Salome, Szymon Boguszowicz, 1610s
    Dance of Salome, Szymon Boguszowicz, 1610s
  • Still life with a squirrel and a pitcher, Andreas Stech, 1658
    Still life with a squirrel and a pitcher, Andreas Stech, 1658
  • Allegory of Summer, Jerzy Siemiginowski, 1684-1686
    Allegory of Summer, Jerzy Siemiginowski, 1684-1686
  • Ethiopian king meeting ambasadors of Persia, Franciszek Smuglewicz, 1785
    Ethiopian king meeting ambasadors of Persia, Franciszek Smuglewicz, 1785

Catholic

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  • Leżajsk organ, Stanisław Studziński and Jan Głowiński, 1693
    Le?ajsk organ, Stanisław Studzi?ski and Jan Głowi?ski, 1693
  • Our Lady of the Scapular of Bydgoszcz in silver riza, 1700
    Our Lady of the Scapular of Bydgoszcz in silver riza , 1700
  • Interior of the St. Anne's Church in Kraków, Baldassare Fontana and Monti brothers, 1705
    Interior of the St. Anne's Church in Krakow, Baldassare Fontana and Monti brothers, 1705
  • Dominican Church in Lviv, Jan de Witte, 1744-769
    Dominican Church in Lviv, Jan de Witte, 1744-769

Eastern

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  • The Last Judgment from Lipie, 17th century
    The Last Judgment from Lipie, 17th century
  • Pokrov of Our Lady - detail with King John III Sobieski and Queen Marysieńka, 1670s
    Pokrov of Our Lady - detail with King John III Sobieski and Queen Marysie?ka, 1670s
  • Iconostasis in the Holy Spirit Church in Vilnius, Johann Christoph Glaubitz, 1753–1756
    Iconostasis in the Holy Spirit Church in Vilnius, Johann Christoph Glaubitz, 1753?1756
  • Greek-Catholic St. George's Cathedral in Lviv, Bernard Meretyn, 1746–1762
    Greek-Catholic St. George's Cathedral in Lviv, Bernard Meretyn, 1746?1762

Jewish

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  • Aron Kodesh of the Zamość Synagogue, 1610-1620
    Aron Kodesh of the Zamo?? Synagogue, 1610-1620
  • Sefer ha-Zohar Yalkut Hadash, Lublin, 1648
    Sefer ha-Zohar Yalkut Hadash, Lublin, 1648
  • Synagogue of Zhovkva,[1] Piotr Beber, 1692-1698
    Synagogue of Zhovkva, [1] Piotr Beber, 1692-1698
  • Central Bimah of Łańcut Synagogue,[2] 1761
    Central Bimah of Ła?cut Synagogue, [2] 1761

Protestant

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  • Allegory of salvation and sin, Hans Vredeman de Vries, 1596
    Allegory of salvation and sin, Hans Vredeman de Vries, 1596
  • Epitaph of Edward Blemke in Gdańsk, Willem van den Blocke, 1591
    Epitaph of Edward Blemke in Gda?sk, Willem van den Blocke, 1591
  • Church of the Holy Ghost in Toruń, Ephraim Schröger, 1755-1756
    Church of the Holy Ghost in Toru?, Ephraim Schroger, 1755-1756
  • Holy Trinity Church in Warsaw, Szymon Bogumił Zug, 1777–1782
    Holy Trinity Church in Warsaw, Szymon Bogumił Zug, 1777?1782

Armenian

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  • Our Lady of the Trinitarians, Armenian painter, turn of the 16/17th century
    Our Lady of the Trinitarians , Armenian painter, turn of the 16/17th century
  • Armenian Houses in Zamość, 1632-1674
    Armenian Houses in Zamo??, 1632-1674
  • Belltower of the Armenian Cathedral in Lviv, 17th century
    Belltower of the Armenian Cathedral in Lviv, 17th century
  • Karacena of John III Sobieski, Armenian workshop in Lviv, 17th century
    Karacena of John III Sobieski, Armenian workshop in Lviv, 17th century

Muslim

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  • Lithuanian Field Hetman portraited with a Persian style kalkan shield, 1650-1651
    Lithuanian Field Hetman portraited with a Persian style kalkan shield, 1650-1651
  • Kilim with the Czartoryski family emblems, Iran, 17th century
    Kilim with the Czartoryski family emblems, Iran, 17th century
  • Tatar Mosque in Kruszyniany, after 1717
    Tatar Mosque in Kruszyniany, after 1717
  • Harem in Grabki Duże,[3] Francesco Placidi, 1742
    Harem in Grabki Du?e, [3] Francesco Placidi, 1742

Notes

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  1. ↑ Construction was financially supported by king John III Sobieski - king's coat of arms (Janina) and the Polish eagle were placed inside of the building in gratitude for helping.
    Z wdzi?czno?ci Sobieskiemu za pomoc przy budowie synagogi starsi ?ydowscy kazali umie?ci? wewn?trz jego herb (Janina) i orła polskiego . Stefan G?siorowski (2001) Chrze?cijanie i ?ydzi w ?ołkwi w XVII i XVIII wieku (Christians and Jews in Zhovkva in the 17th and 18th centuries) , Polska Akademia Umiej?tno?ci, p. 119 ISBN : 83-88857-39-8 .
  2. ↑ The synagogue was established by Stanisław Lubomirski.
    After a fire had destroyed a wooden synagogue in 1733 Stanislaw Lubomirski decided to found a new bricked synagogue building. Polin Travel. Lancut . www.jewish-guide.pl . Retrieved on 2010-09-02 .
  3. ↑ Constructed for Stanisław Rupniewski, castellan of Małogoszcz, who converted to Islam.
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