File : Metlika SLO Bre?ki novec iz Gutenwertha , Friesach coin from Gutenwerth which represents a coat of arms city Metlika.pdf

From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Go to page
next page →
next page →
next page →

Original file ‎ (1,239 × 1,752 pixels, file size: 527 KB, MIME type: application/pdf , 9 pages)

Captions

Captions

Friesach coin from Gutenwerth which represents a coat of arms city Metlika.

Summary [ edit ]

Description
English: Friesach coin from Gutenwerth which represents a coat of arms city Metlika.

The region of Bela krajina has been populated since prehistoric and antic times. In the early Iron Age or Hallstatt period, Bela krajina was inhabited by the Illyrians and by the Celts during the late Iron Age. Soon the territory fell under the Roman rule. Politically, Bela krajina until 12th century belonged to the Croatian government. In the years towards the end of that century, the sceptre over the area has been taken over by Counts of Vi?nja gora. The author has focused on the comparison between the coat of arms of the city of Metlika and similar coat of arms present on the coin of Bre?ice, assigned to the Gutenwerth Mint. The city of Metlika’s medieval coat of arms is composed of tower and walls on which two ravens are standing. Meanwhile, the coin of Bre?ice is composed of two eagles, standing each on a hill nearby the castle. Metlika's coat of arms seems to be very similar to the depiction found on the back of the Bre?ice silver coin, assigned to the Gutenwerth Mint. The biggest difference between Metlika's coat of arms and the reverse side of the coin is in the birds. On the coat of arms, the two ravens are both standing turned with their backs to the fortress and looking away from it in opposite directions; in contrast, the two eagles on the coin are both turned towards the fortress. These silver coins were minted around 1228, when the territory was in the possession of Dukes of Meran, while the nearest Bela krajina Mint was located in the medieval market of Gutenwerth. There are still some of medieval coins known, on which coats of arms were depicted by the owners of the mint. Such an example is the Gutenwerth’s second coin, on which coat of arms of the Bishops of Freising and the head of St Maurice are shown. By using the information available in literature, the author concludes that the ownership of the Estate of Metlika matches the ownership of the Gutenwerth Mint. Worth of mentioning is the fact that the distance between the city of Metlika and Gutenwerth is some 49 kilometres, following the today's road. Since prehistoric times the "Vla?ka - La?ka ? Hrva?ka" route, led through Gorjanci, connecting Dolenjska and Bela Krajina. We do not know exactly whether the motive has first been present on Metlika's coat of arms or Gutenwerth coin. It could even be possible that this used to be in fact a coat of arms belonging to a territory owned by the Dukes of Meran, encompassing their properties in both today's Bela krajina and Dolenjska.

During the 13th century coats of arms began to develop on the territory of present-day Slovenia. Visibility of the ruler and his power over a defined territory was effectively supported by certain symbols that were also used on some coins.
Italiano: Riepilogo

Moneta Friesach di Gutenwerth che rappresenta lo stemma della citta di Metlika. 

 La regione della Bela krajina e stata abitata fin dalla preistoria e dall'antichita. Nella prima eta del ferro o periodo di Hallstatt, la Bela krajina era abitata dagli Illiri e durante la tarda eta del ferro dai Celti. Ben presto il territorio cadde sotto il dominio romano.

Politicamente, la Bela krajina fino al XII secolo apparteneva al governo croato. Negli anni verso la fine di quel secolo, lo scettro sulla zona e stato assunto dai conti di Vi?nja gora. L'autore si e soffermato sul confronto tra lo stemma della citta di Metlika e lo stemma simile presente sulla moneta di Bre?ice, assegnata alla Zecca Gutenwerth. Lo stemma medievale della citta di Metlika e composto da una torre e da mura su cui si trovano due corvi. Nel frattempo, la moneta di Bre?ice raffigura due aquile, ciascuna in piedi su una collina vicino al castello. Lo stemma di Metlika sembra essere molto simile alla raffigurazione che si trova sul retro della moneta d'argento di Bre?ice, assegnata alla zecca Gutenwerth. La piu grande differenza tra lo stemma di Metlika e il rovescio della moneta e negli uccelli. Sullo stemma i due corvi sono entrambi in piedi con le spalle rivolte alla rocca e distanti da essa in direzioni opposte; le due aquile della moneta, invece, sono entrambe rivolte verso la fortezza. Queste monete d'argento furono coniate intorno al 1228, quando il territorio era in possesso dei duchi di Merano, mentre la piu vicina zecca Bela krajina si trovava nel mercato medievale di Gutenwerth. 

  Sono ancora note alcune monete medievali, sulle quali erano raffigurati stemmi dei titolari della zecca. Un esempio del genere e la seconda moneta di Gutenwerth, sulla quale sono raffigurati lo stemma dei vescovi di Frisinga e la testa di San Maurizio.

Utilizzando le informazioni disponibili in letteratura, l'autore conclude che la proprieta della tenuta di Metlika corrisponde alla proprieta della zecca Gutenwerth. Degno di nota e il fatto che la distanza tra la citta di Metlika e Gutenwerth e di circa 49 chilometri, seguendo la strada odierna. Fin dalla preistoria, la tratta ‘Vla?ka - La?ka ? Hrva?ka’, passava per Gorjanci, collegando Dolenjska e Bela Krajina. Non sappiamo esattamente se il motivo sia stato presente per la prima volta sullo stemma di Metlika o sulla moneta di Gutenwerth. Potrebbe anche essere possibile che questo fosse in realta uno stemma appartenente a un territorio di proprieta dei duchi di Merano, comprendente le loro proprieta sia nell'odierna Bela krajina che nella Dolenjska.

Durante il XIII secolo gli stemmi cominciarono a svilupparsi sul territorio dell'attuale Slovenia. La visibilita del sovrano e il suo potere su un territorio definito erano efficacemente supportate da alcuni simboli che venivano usati anche su alcune monete.
Deutsch: Zusammenfassung

Friesach-Munze aus Gutenwerth, die ein Wappen der Stadt Metlika darstellt.

Das Gebiet von Bela krajina ist seit prahistorischen und antiken Zeiten besiedelt. In der fruhen Eisenzeit oder Hallstattzeit war Bela krajina von den Illyrern und in der spaten Eisenzeit von den Kelten besiedelt. Bald geriet das Gebiet unter romische Herrschaft. Politisch gehorte die Bela krajina bis zum 12. Jahrhundert zur kroatischen Regierung. In den Jahren gegen Ende dieses Jahrhunderts ubernahmen die Grafen von Vi?nja Gora das Zepter uber dieses Gebiet. Der Autor hat sich auf den Vergleich zwischen dem Wappen der Stadt Metlika und dem ahnlichen Wappen auf der Munze von Bre?ice konzentriert, die der Munzanstalt Gutenwerth zugeschrieben wird. Das mittelalterliche Wappen der Stadt Metlika besteht aus einem Turm und einer Mauer, auf der zwei Raben stehen. Die Munze von Bre?ice hingegen besteht aus zwei Adlern, die jeweils auf einem Hugel in der Nahe der Burg stehen. Das Wappen von Metlika scheint der Darstellung auf der Ruckseite der Silbermunze von Bre?ice, die der Munzanstalt Gutenwerth zugeordnet ist, sehr ahnlich zu sein. Der großte Unterschied zwischen dem Wappen von Metlika und der Ruckseite der Munze liegt in den Vogeln. Auf dem Wappen stehen die beiden Raben mit dem Rucken zur Festung und blicken in entgegengesetzte Richtungen; die beiden Adler auf der Munze sind dagegen beide der Festung zugewandt. Diese Silbermunzen wurden um 1228 gepragt, als das Gebiet im Besitz der Herzoge von Meran war, wahrend sich die nachstgelegene Munzstatte von Bela krajina auf dem mittelalterlichen Markt von Gutenwerth befand. Es sind noch einige mittelalterliche Munzen bekannt, auf denen Wappen der Besitzer der Munzstatte abgebildet waren. Ein solches Beispiel ist die zweite Munze von Gutenwerth, auf der das Wappen der Bischofe von Freising und der Kopf des Heiligen Mauritius abgebildet sind. Anhand der in der Literatur verfugbaren Informationen kommt der Autor zu dem Schluss, dass die Besitzverhaltnisse des Gutes Metlika mit den Besitzverhaltnissen der Munzstatte Gutenwerth ubereinstimmen. Erwahnenswert ist die Tatsache, dass die Entfernung zwischen der Stadt Metlika und Gutenwerth etwa 49 Kilometer betragt, wenn man der heutigen Straße folgt. Seit prahistorischen Zeiten fuhrte die Route "Vla?ka - La?ka - Hrva?ka" durch Gorjanci und verband Dolenjska und Bela krajina. Wir wissen nicht genau, ob das Motiv zuerst auf dem Wappen von Metlika oder der Gutenwerth-Munze zu sehen war. Es konnte sogar sein, dass es sich um ein Wappen handelt, das zu einem Territorium der Herzoge von Meran gehorte, das deren Besitzungen in der heutigen Bela krajina und Dolenjska umfasste.

Im 13. Jahrhundert begannen sich Wappen auf dem Gebiet des heutigen Slowenien zu entwickeln. Die Sichtbarkeit des Herrschers und seiner Macht uber ein bestimmtes Gebiet wurde durch bestimmte Symbole, die auch auf einigen Munzen verwendet wurden, wirksam unterstutzt.
Sloven??ina: Povzetek

Bre?ki novec iz Gutenwertha, ki predstavlja grb mesta Metlika.

Bela krajina je bila poseljena ?e v prazgodovini in antiki. V zgodnji ?elezni oziroma hal?tatski dobi so Belo krajino poseljevali Iliri, v mlaj?i ?elezni dobi pa Kelti. Kmalu je ozemlje padlo pod rimsko oblast. Politi?no je Bela krajina od 11. do 12. stoletja pripadala hrva?ki oblasti. V letih proti koncu tega stoletja so ?ezlo nad tem prostorom prevzeli Vi?njegorski grofje. Avtor se je osredoto?il na primerjavo grba mesta Metlika s podobnim grbom na bre?i?kem kovancu, dodeljenem kovnici Gutenwerth. Srednjeve?ki grb mesta Metlika je sestavljen iz stolpa in obzidja, na katerem stojita krokarja. Bre?i?ki kovanec pa sestavljata dva orla, ki stojita vsak na hribu v bli?ini gradu. Metli?ki grb se zdi zelo podoben upodobitvi na zadnji strani bre?i?kega srebrnika, dodeljenega kovnici Gutenwerth. Najve?ja razlika med metli?kim grbom in hrbtno stranjo kovanca je v pticah. Na grbu oba krokarja stojita s hrbtom obrnjena proti trdnjavi in gledata stran od nje v nasprotni smeri; nasprotno pa sta orla na kovancu oba obrnjena proti trdnjavi. Ti srebrniki so bili kovani okoli leta 1228, ko je bilo ozemlje v posesti meranskih knezov, najbli?ja belokranjska kovnica pa je bila v srednjeve?kem trgu Gutenwerth. Znanih je ?e nekaj srednjeve?kih kovancev, na katerih so bili upodobljeni grbi lastnikov kovnice. Tak primer je drugi Gutenwerthov kovanec, na katerem sta grb freisin?kih ?kofov in glava svetega Mavricija. Avtor na podlagi literaturnih podatkov ugotavlja, da se lastni?tvo metli?kega posestva ujema z lastni?tvom kovnice Gutenwerth. Omeniti velja, da je razdalja med mestom Metlika in Gutenwerthom po dana?nji cesti pribli?no 49 kilometrov. ?e od prazgodovine je skozi Gorjance vodila pot ≫Vla?ka ? La?ko ? Hrva?ka≪, ki je povezovala Dolenjsko in Belo Krajino. Ne vemo natan?no, ali je bil motiv prvi? prisoten na metli?kem grbu ali Gutenwerthovem novcu. Mogo?e je celo, da je bil to v resnici grb ozemlja Meranskih knezov, ki je obsegalo njihove posesti tako v dana?nji Beli krajini kot na Dolenjskem.

V 13. stoletju so se na ozemlju dana?nje Slovenije za?eli razvijati grbi. Vidnost vladarja in njegove mo?i na dolo?enem ozemlju so u?inkovito podpirali nekateri simboli, ki so bili uporabljeni tudi na nekaterih novcih.
Date
Source Own work
Author Kupon 76

Licensing [ edit ]

I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
Creative Commons  CC-Zero This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication .
The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of their rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.

File history

Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.

Date/Time Thumbnail Dimensions User Comment
current 09:47, 27 December 2023 Thumbnail for version as of 09:47, 27 December 20231,239 × 1,752, 9 pages (527 KB) Jo?e Pe?avar ( talk | contribs ) Uploaded own work with UploadWizard

You cannot overwrite this file.

There are no pages that use this file.

Metadata

This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.

Retrieved from " https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Metlika_SLO_Bre?ki_novec_iz_Gutenwertha_,_Friesach_coin_from_Gutenwerth_which_represents_a_coat_of_arms_city_Metlika.pdf&oldid=844599775 "