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Bidis are primarily rolled by women and children in their households wherein they roll tobacco in cut tendu leaf and then tie it with a thread. The leaf is tucked in at the end using a sharp knife. Men are involved in other aspects of bidi production including being contractors. Children are preferred by contractors given their nimble fingers for rolling bidis. Bidi rolling has occupational hazards including body pain, postural health conditions and high incidence of lung diseases including bronchial asthma and tuberculosis due to inhalation of fine tobacco dust. Wages remain typically low, often below the minimum wages specified by governments and exploitation of workers by middlemen or contractors is also widely documented. Effective tobacco control requires provision of safer and viable alternatives to tobacco-based livelihoods.
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