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???????? ?????: Climate-Data.org , ^[??] My Forecast for records, humidity, snow and precipitation days ^[??]
???????? ?????: What's the Weather Like.org , ^[??] Erbilia ^[??]

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^ Kurdistan Regional Government . KRG. ?????? ?? ??????? 2012-08-09.
^ "?????? ??????????" . Archived from the original on 5? February? 2011 . Retrieved 18? July? 2010 . {{ cite web }}: Check date values in: |access-date= ? |archive-date= ( help )
^ "?????" . Aljazeera (?? ??????) . Retrieved 28 December 2019 .
^ "Search Entry" . www.assyrianlanguages.org . Retrieved 2021-05-26 .
^ Khan, Geoffrey (1999). A Grammar of Neo-Aramaic: The Dialect of the Jews of Arbel (?? ????????). BRILL. p. 2. ISBN 978-90-04-30504-5 . There are a number of variant forms of the name Arbel. The form Arbel, which is used throughout this book, is the Neo-Aramaic form of the name. The Arabic-speaking Jews of the town refer to it as Arb?l or Arw?l. In Classical Arabic sources it is known as Irb?l. The Kurds call it Hawler, which appears to have developed from the form Arbel by a series of metatheses of consonants. The name appears to be of non-Semitic origin. It is first found in cuneiform texts dating to the third millennium B.C., where it usually has the form Urbilum.
^ Danilovich, Alex (2018-10-12). Federalism, Secession, and International Recognition Regime: Iraqi Kurdistan (?? ????????). Routledge. ISBN 9780429827655 .
^ "?????????? ???????" . www.hawlergov.org (?? ?????) . Retrieved 2023-06-01 . {{ cite web }}: CS1 maint: Unrecognized language ( link ) CS1 maint: url-status ( link )
^ "?????? ??????????" (PDF) . ???????? ?????? ???????? : 2.
^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Erbil Citadel" . UNESCO World Heritage Centre (?? ????????) . Retrieved 2023-09-09 .
^ Novice, Karel (2008). "Research of the Arbil Citadel, Iraq, First Season". Pamatky Archaeological (XCIX): 259?302.
^ Villard 2001
^ Hamblin, William J. (2006). Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC . Routledge . p. 111. ISBN 0-415-25589-9 .
^ Georges Roux ? Ancient Iraq
^ Erbil named 2014 Arab Tourism Capital Error in webarchive template: Check |url= value. Empty. .
^ "Erbil: Kurdish City, Arab Capital" , Rudaw.
^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Erbil Citadel" . UNESCO World Heritage Centre (?? ????????) . Retrieved 2022-10-28 .
^ ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ????? , ??????? citypopulation.
^ "?????? ???????" . www.hawlergov.org (?? ????????) . Retrieved 2023-09-09 . ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? .
^ "????? ??????" . www.hawlergov.org (?? ????????) . Retrieved 2023-09-09 .
^ ???? ????, ????? ??????? (??.??.????). "???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????" . Retrieved https://doktorasossqader.blogspot.com/2010/06/blog-post_29.html . {{ cite web }}: Check date values in: |access-date= ? |date= ( help ) ; External link in |access-date= ( help ) CS1 maint: url-status ( link )
^ "????????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????????" (?? ???????) . Retrieved 2022-02-18 .
^ "Climate: Arbil ? Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table" . Climate-Data.org . Retrieved 13 August 2013 .
^ "Irbil, Iraq Climate" . My Forecast . Retrieved 14 July 2013 .
^ "Erbil climate info" . What's the Weather Like.org . Retrieved 14 July 2013 .
^ "Erbil Weather Forecast and Climate Information" . Erbilia. Archived from the original on 9 July 2013 . Retrieved 14 July 2013 . ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? .
^ ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ??????? ??????
^ ????: ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???
^ "????? ?????? | ????????? ???????????- ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ? ?????" . bot.gov.krd . Retrieved 2023-09-09 .
^ "?????? ???????" . www.hawlergov.org (?? ????????) . Retrieved 2023-09-09 . ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? .
^ ??????????, Kurdipedia-. "????? ??????" . Kurdipedia.org . Retrieved 2023-09-09 .
^ ???????: http://www.erbilairport.com/ku/ABUT01/F_ABUT01_03_01.aspx
^ ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ^{[
??????? ?????
]}, ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ????/??/??.
^ ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? ., ??????? ??????? ?????? ?/?/????

??????? ??????????? [ ???????? ]

[1] Kurdistan Regional Government . KRG. ?????? ?? ??????? 2012-08-09.

[2] "?????? ??????????" . Archived from the original on 5? February? 2011 . Retrieved 18? July? 2010 . {{ cite web }}: Check date values in: |access-date= ? |archive-date= ( help )

[3] "?????" . Aljazeera (?? ??????) . Retrieved 28 December 2019 .

[4] "Search Entry" . www.assyrianlanguages.org . Retrieved 2021-05-26 .

[5] Khan, Geoffrey (1999). A Grammar of Neo-Aramaic: The Dialect of the Jews of Arbel (?? ????????). BRILL. p. 2. ISBN 978-90-04-30504-5 . There are a number of variant forms of the name Arbel. The form Arbel, which is used throughout this book, is the Neo-Aramaic form of the name. The Arabic-speaking Jews of the town refer to it as Arb?l or Arw?l. In Classical Arabic sources it is known as Irb?l. The Kurds call it Hawler, which appears to have developed from the form Arbel by a series of metatheses of consonants. The name appears to be of non-Semitic origin. It is first found in cuneiform texts dating to the third millennium B.C., where it usually has the form Urbilum.

[6] Danilovich, Alex (2018-10-12). Federalism, Secession, and International Recognition Regime: Iraqi Kurdistan (?? ????????). Routledge. ISBN 9780429827655 .

[7] "?????????? ???????" . www.hawlergov.org (?? ?????) . Retrieved 2023-06-01 . {{ cite web }}: CS1 maint: Unrecognized language ( link ) CS1 maint: url-status ( link )

[8] "?????? ??????????" (PDF) . ???????? ?????? ???????? : 2.

[9] Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Erbil Citadel" . UNESCO World Heritage Centre (?? ????????) . Retrieved 2023-09-09 .

[Novice-10] Novice, Karel (2008). "Research of the Arbil Citadel, Iraq, First Season". Pamatky Archaeological (XCIX): 259?302.

[villard-11] Villard 2001

[Hamblin-12] Hamblin, William J. (2006). Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC . Routledge . p. 111. ISBN 0-415-25589-9 .

[13] Georges Roux ? Ancient Iraq

[14] Erbil named 2014 Arab Tourism Capital Error in webarchive template: Check |url= value. Empty. .

[15] "Erbil: Kurdish City, Arab Capital" , Rudaw.

[16] Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Erbil Citadel" . UNESCO World Heritage Centre (?? ????????) . Retrieved 2022-10-28 .

[17] ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ????? , ??????? citypopulation.

[18] "?????? ???????" . www.hawlergov.org (?? ????????) . Retrieved 2023-09-09 . ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? .

[19] "????? ??????" . www.hawlergov.org (?? ????????) . Retrieved 2023-09-09 .

[20] ???? ????, ????? ??????? (??.??.????). "???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????" . Retrieved https://doktorasossqader.blogspot.com/2010/06/blog-post_29.html . {{ cite web }}: Check date values in: |access-date= ? |date= ( help ) ; External link in |access-date= ( help ) CS1 maint: url-status ( link )

[21] "????????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????????" (?? ???????) . Retrieved 2022-02-18 .

[Climate-Data.org-22] "Climate: Arbil ? Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table" . Climate-Data.org . Retrieved 13 August 2013 .

[23] "Irbil, Iraq Climate" . My Forecast . Retrieved 14 July 2013 .

[24] "Erbil climate info" . What's the Weather Like.org . Retrieved 14 July 2013 .

[25] "Erbil Weather Forecast and Climate Information" . Erbilia. Archived from the original on 9 July 2013 . Retrieved 14 July 2013 . ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? .

[26] ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ??????? ??????

[27] ????: ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???

[28] "????? ?????? | ????????? ???????????- ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ? ?????" . bot.gov.krd . Retrieved 2023-09-09 .

[29] "?????? ???????" . www.hawlergov.org (?? ????????) . Retrieved 2023-09-09 . ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? .

[30] ??????????, Kurdipedia-. "????? ??????" . Kurdipedia.org . Retrieved 2023-09-09 .

[31] ???????: http://www.erbilairport.com/ku/ABUT01/F_ABUT01_03_01.aspx

[32] ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ^{[
??????? ?????
]}, ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ????/??/??.

[33] ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? ., ??????? ??????? ?????? ?/?/????

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