????? ????????

????? ????????
????? ????????
?? ???????? : Nadine Gordimer
??????????	??? ?????? ?????? ???? ; Springs? ???????? ??????
????	??? ???????? ???? (?? ??? ?????) ; ?????????? ? ???????? ??????
Married name	Nadine Gordimer Cassirer
????	Isidore Gordimer
????	Hannah Gordimer
??????	Reinhold Cassirer ? Gerald Gavron
?????	Oriane
????? ??????	????????
????? ???	????
????? ???????	?????? ???????
????????	University of the Witwatersrand
????? ???	??????????
???????? ??????	????
??????? ?????	African National Congress
?????	???????
?????????? ??	World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2004
?????????? ??	Lilly Library
???????	????????? ???????? ????? ? ????? ? Royal Society of Literature
????	????? ? novella ? ??????????
????????? ??	?????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????
?????? ???????	L484
	?? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ???

????? ???????? (Nadine Gordimer? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? - ?????? ??? ???????? ????) ^[?] ?????? ? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ????. ^[?] ???????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??????. ?? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ( Burger's Daughter) ??????? ( July's People)? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????????. ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? (Ordre des Arts et des Lettres) ???????. ^[?]

????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ^[?] ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????.

?? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???. ^[?]^[?]

????? ?????? [ ???????? ]

??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????. ????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???.

?????????? [ ???????? ]

^ "SA novelist Nadine Gordimer dies" . News24.com . 14 July 2014 . Retrieved 14 July 2014 .
^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1991" . Nobelprize. 7 October 2010 . Retrieved 7 October 2010 .
^ Brendon Nicholls (2013). Nadine Gordimer's July's People: A Routledge Study Guide . Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-71871-9 .
^ "Nadine Gordimer" . British Council . Retrieved 1 October 2018 .
^ Smith, David (15 July 2014). "Nadine Gordimer dies aged 90" . The Guardian . Retrieved 15 July 2014 .
^ Becker, Jillian (September 2014). "Nadine Gordimer: 'Comrade Madam' " . Standpoint . Retrieved 24 September 2014 . ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? .

??????? ??????????? [ ???????? ]

[1] "SA novelist Nadine Gordimer dies" . News24.com . 14 July 2014 . Retrieved 14 July 2014 .

[Nobelprize-2] "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1991" . Nobelprize. 7 October 2010 . Retrieved 7 October 2010 .

[Routledge-3] Brendon Nicholls (2013). Nadine Gordimer's July's People: A Routledge Study Guide . Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-71871-9 .

[BC-4] "Nadine Gordimer" . British Council . Retrieved 1 October 2018 .

[5] Smith, David (15 July 2014). "Nadine Gordimer dies aged 90" . The Guardian . Retrieved 15 July 2014 .

[6] Becker, Jillian (September 2014). "Nadine Gordimer: 'Comrade Madam' " . Standpoint . Retrieved 24 September 2014 . ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? .

[?]

[?]

[?]

[?]

[?]

[?]