한국   대만   중국   일본 
?????? ?????? - ?????????? ??????????????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????

?????? ??????

?? ??????????????? ?????? ???????????
?????? ??????
?? ?????? ?????
????? ?????? ??????
??????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????

??????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ? [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] ?????????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? . [?] ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ?? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ? [?] [?] ????????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? [?] ??????? ????? [??] ??????? ????? ? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ????. [??] ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????????????? ??? ????????? ????. ??????? ? ???? ??????????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ? ???????????? ?????? ? ????? ? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????. ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ≪?????? ???????≫ ???? ?????. ??? ??????????? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ≪????? ?????? ?????? ????≫. [??] [??] [??] [??] [??]

???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ≪?????? ??????≫ ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???????????????. [??] ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ? ???????? ??????? ? ???????? ? ?????? ???????????. ????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ???????. [??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??] ????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ???????? ? ??????? ? ?? ?? ?? ???? ? ?????? ?????????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? . ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ? ????? ? ?????? ? ?????? ? ?????? ? ????? . [??] ????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? .

?????? ??????? ? ????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????? ? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????. ?? ?????????? ????? ? ?????????? ? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????. [??]

?????????? [ ???????? ]

  1. ^ "Middle East review of 2012: the Arab Winter" . Retrieved July 19, 2014 .
  2. ^ "Analysis: Arab Winter is coming to Baghdad" . The Jerusalem Post . Retrieved October 8, 2014 .
  3. ^ "Expert Warns of America's Coming 'Arab Winter' " . CBN . Retrieved October 8, 2014 .
  4. ^ "The Arab Winter" . Retrieved October 8, 2014 .
  5. ^ "Arab Spring or Arab Winter?" . The New Yorker . Retrieved October 8, 2014 .
  6. ^ Ahmed H Adam and Ashley D Robinson. Will the Arab Winter spring again in Sudan? . Al-Jazeera. 11 June 2016. "The Arab Spring that swept across the Middle East and succeeded in overthrowing three dictatorships in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya in 2011 was a pivotal point in the history of nations. Despite the subsequent descent into the "Arab Winter", the peaceful protests of young people were heroic..." "???? ??????" . Retrieved 31 ?????? 2016 . {{ cite web }} : Check date values in: |access-date= ( help )
  7. ^ Fear and Faith in Paradise . Archived from the original on 19 ?????? 2017 . Retrieved October 23, 2014 . {{ cite book }} : Check date values in: |archive-date= ( help )
  8. ^ "Arab Winter" . Retrieved October 23, 2014 .
  9. ^ "Analysis: Arab Winter is coming to Baghdad" . Retrieved October 23, 2014 .
  10. ^ "Egypt and Tunisia's new 'Arab winter' " . Retrieved October 23, 2014 .
  11. ^ "Yemen's Arab winter" . Retrieved October 23, 2014 .
  12. ^ "Middle East review of 2012: the Arab Winter - Telegraph" . telegraph.co.uk . Retrieved 2014-07-19 .
  13. ^ "Analysis: Arab Winter is coming to Baghdad" . Telegraph.co.uk . Retrieved 8 October 2014 .
  14. ^ "Expert Warns of America's Coming 'Arab Winter' " . Cbn.com . Retrieved 8 October 2014 .
  15. ^ "The Arab Winter" . Retrieved 8 October 2014 .
  16. ^ "Arab Spring or Arab Winter?" . Newyorker.com . Retrieved 8 October 2014 .
  17. ^ Radoslaw Fiedler, Przemyslaw Osiewicz. Transformation processes in Egypt after 2011 . 2015. p182.
  18. ^ Fear and Faith in Paradise . Archived from the original on 23 ?????? 2014 . Retrieved 23 October 2014 . {{ cite book }} : Check date values in: |archive-date= ( help )
  19. ^ "Arab Winter" . Retrieved 23 October 2014 .
  20. ^ "Analysis: Arab Winter is coming to Baghdad" . Retrieved 23 October 2014 .
  21. ^ "Egypt and Tunisia's new 'Arab winter' " . Retrieved 23 October 2014 .
  22. ^ "Yemen's Arab winter" . Retrieved 23 October 2014 .
  23. ^ "The Coup in Egypt: An Arab Winter?" . 5 July 2013 . Retrieved 1 November 2014 .
  24. ^ "In Egypt, Arab Spring Gives Way To Military Winter" . 21 January 2014 . Retrieved 1 November 2014 .
  25. ^ "From Egypt to Syria, this could be the start of the Arab Winter" . 17 April 2014 . Retrieved 23 October 2014 .
  26. ^ (PDF) https://www.aub.edu.lb/ifi/international_affairs/Documents/working_paper_series/20130828_IA_WP_AUB_Paper_on_Displacement_in_Arab_Spring.pdf . Retrieved ?????? 2020 . {{ cite web }} : Check date values in: |access-date= ( help ) ; Missing or empty |title= ( help ) ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? .

??????? ??????????? [ ???????? ]

???????? ?? ≪ https://ckb.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=??????_??????&oldid=1167659 ≫