?????? ??????? ??????

?? ??????????????? ?????? ???????????
?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????.
??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???.

?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????????. [?] [?] ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ? ??????? ???? ???????? . ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????????? . ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? .

??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????.

??????? ????? [ ???????? ]

?????????? [ ???????? ]

  1. ^ Physical Geography: Great Systems and Global Environments . Cambridge University Press. 2012. ISBN   978-0-521-76428-5 .
  2. ^ BBC website, accessed Jan 3, 2016 Error in webarchive template: Check |url= value. Empty.

??????? ??????????? [ ???????? ]

???????? ?? ≪ https://ckb.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=??????_???????_??????&oldid=1163501 ≫