??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????-?????????? (Transponder) ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???-?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????????? ????????, ???????, ?????, ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ? ???????? ??????????? ? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ^[?]

?????? ???????? ??????????????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????-????? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ???????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ^[?] ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????-????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ^[?]

??????? (?????? ???? ?????) [ ???????? ]

• transponder - ??????-??????????
• artificial satellite - ??????? ??????
• radio communications - ????? ???????
• signal - ?????
• relay - ?????????
• amplify - ????????
• transmitter - ??????
• receiver - ??????
• communication channel - ??????? ???????
• carry a signal - ????? ??? ???
• line-of-sight - ??????-????
• signal interference - ????? ????????
• microwave - ????????
• frequency range - ???????? ?????
• frequency band - ???????? ?????

????????? [ ???????? ]