??????? ???????

??????? ??????? ( ?????? : Religious persecution ) ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???????????? ??????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ? ????????? ????? ???????? ? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ^[?] ??? ?????????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????, ?????????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ^[?]

?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ^[?],

“

It must be personally costly... It must be unjust and undeserved... it must be a direct result of one's faith.

”

?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??????, ?????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????????, ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ^[?]^[?] ??? ????????

??? ????? [ ???????? ]

????????? [ ???????? ]

↑ David T. Smith (?? ??????? ????)? Religious Persecution and Political Order in the United States ? Cambridge University Press? ?????? 26?? ???????? 978-1-107-11731-0 ? "Persecution" in this study refers to violence or discrimination against members of a religious minority because of their religious affiliation. Persecution involves the most damaging expressions of prejudice against an out-group, going beyond verbal abuse and social avoidance.29 It refers to actions that are intended to deprive individuals of their political rights and to force minorities to assimilate, leave, or live as second-class citizens. When these actions happen persistently over a period of time, and include large numbers of both perpetrators and victims, we may refer to a "campaign" of persecution that usually has the goal of excluding the targeted minority from the polity.
↑ Nazila Ghanea-Hercock (?? ??????? ????)? The Challenge of Religious Discrimination at the Dawn of the New Millennium ? Springer? ?????? 91?92? ???????? 978-94-017-5968-7 ?
↑ Bateman, J. Keith. 2013. Don't call it persecution when it's not. Evangelical Missions Quarterly 49.1: 54-56, also p. 57-62.
↑ Rammohun, E. M. (????-??-??)? Countering Insurgencies in India: An Insider's View (?????? ??????)? Vij Books India Pvt Ltd? ???????? 9789381411667 ?
↑ Rammohan, E. N. (????)? Insurgent Frontiers: Essays from the Troubled Northeast (?????? ??????)? India Research Press? ???????? 9788187943808 ?

[1] David T. Smith (?? ??????? ????)? Religious Persecution and Political Order in the United States ? Cambridge University Press? ?????? 26?? ???????? 978-1-107-11731-0 ? "Persecution" in this study refers to violence or discrimination against members of a religious minority because of their religious affiliation. Persecution involves the most damaging expressions of prejudice against an out-group, going beyond verbal abuse and social avoidance.29 It refers to actions that are intended to deprive individuals of their political rights and to force minorities to assimilate, leave, or live as second-class citizens. When these actions happen persistently over a period of time, and include large numbers of both perpetrators and victims, we may refer to a "campaign" of persecution that usually has the goal of excluding the targeted minority from the polity.

[Ghanea-Hercock2013-2] Nazila Ghanea-Hercock (?? ??????? ????)? The Challenge of Religious Discrimination at the Dawn of the New Millennium ? Springer? ?????? 91?92? ???????? 978-94-017-5968-7 ?

[3] Bateman, J. Keith. 2013. Don't call it persecution when it's not. Evangelical Missions Quarterly 49.1: 54-56, also p. 57-62.

[:0-4] Rammohun, E. M. (????-??-??)? Countering Insurgencies in India: An Insider's View (?????? ??????)? Vij Books India Pvt Ltd? ???????? 9789381411667 ?

[5] Rammohan, E. N. (????)? Insurgent Frontiers: Essays from the Troubled Northeast (?????? ??????)? India Research Press? ???????? 9788187943808 ?

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