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????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? [ ???????? ]

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??????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???????: ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ? ???????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????

?????? ? ????????? ??????-??????? ?????? ??????? ???????: ?????? ????? ?????? ? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????-?????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? , ???? ? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ? ????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??????, “?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????, ??-? ???? ????? ? ???????? ???? ??-?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ? ????? ????? ???? ??-?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????”

কুব্বাতুস সাখরা (Dome of the Rock) — ????????? ????? (Dome of the Rock)

???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????: ?????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ????? (The Dome of the Rock ) ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? '? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ? ?????????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ? ????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ? ????? ??????? ????? ^[?]^[?]

?????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? [ ???????? ]

????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??'???? ????, "?????? ????? ????, ??? ?????? ????????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ??? ???????, ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????, ?????? ????? ??????, ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????”

???? ????? ???? ???, ??? ??????? ???? ????????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??-??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ^[?]^[?]

?????? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ??????????? ????????? [ ???????? ]

?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????????????, ?????????????, ????????????, ????????????, ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???-?????, ????????-??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????????; ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????-??????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????, ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ??:

??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????,“??? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????” ???? ??????? ?????,“?????? ????????? ?” ???? ?????,“????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????”

???? ???? ????, “?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????, ??-? ???? ????? ? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????”

???? ?????? ????, “???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ? ?????,??? ????????,??? ????, ????? ?????,????????,???? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ? ??????,????? ??? ?????,???? ??? ?????,?????,????? ??? ????????,???? ??? ???????, ?????? ??? ????????????,????? ??? ????? ???????

????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????,“???? ????????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ?” ???? ?????,“?????????? ???? ????, ????? ????? ??????? ?????”

??? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ????, “???? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ?????,? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????”

???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????,“?? ?????? ??????? ,??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????” ?? ????,“?????,??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ???????”

???? ???? ???? ,“??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ???????????????? ????,?????, ?????????,??????,????? ? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????”

???? ????? ??????, “?????? ?????? ???? -???? ??? ??????????,?????? ????? ??? ????????, ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????”

???? ??? ????, “???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????”

????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????, “? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ????” ? ??? ???? ??? ?????, “????? ??????? ?? ?????” ???? ?????, “?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ?????”

????????? ??????? ?????, “?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????,“???? ?? ? ??????? ??????????? ?” ??? ?????,“??????” ???? ?????,“????????,???? ?? ???? ??, ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????,???? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? (???????????? ?????? ???? ???????) ??????? ????? ????? ??????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???????, ???? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????,??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????, ?????? ????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????” ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ??? ????

?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??????, “??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????, ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????????”

???? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????, ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????? ????,“??? ????? ?? ????? ?????, ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???” ???? ?????, “???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ? ??????????? ??? ????? ’? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????”

????? ??? ?????????? ??????, “??????? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???????” ^[?]

????????? [ ???????? ]

↑ ^? ^? " ' Abd al-Malik"? Encyclopedia Britannica ? I: A-Ak - Bayes (15th ???????)? Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.? ????? ?????? 14?15? ???????? 978-1-59339-837-8 ?
↑ ^? ^? Dr. Eli Munif Shahla, "Al-Ayam al-Akhira fi Hayat al-Kulafa", Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, 1st ed., 1998, pp 236-238.
↑ There is uncertainty as to when his actual birth occurred. Sources say 646 or 647.
↑ Classical Islam G.Gunebam
↑ ^? ^? ^? ^? "? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????????" ? Islami Barta - ?????? ?????? ? ????-??-?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ????-??-?? ?
↑ ^? ^? "???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????????" ? our Islam (?????? ??????)? ????-??-?? ? ???????? ????? ????-??-?? ?

Bacharach, Jere L. (????)? Gulru Necipogulu, ???????? Muqarnas - An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World (Illustrated ???????)? BRILL? ???????? 90-04-10633-2 ? ???????? ????????????? ?
le Strange, Guy (????), Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500 , Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund , London
Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari v. 21 "The Victory of the Marwanids," transl. Michael Fishbein, SUNY, Albany, 1990; v.22 "The Marwanid Restoration," transl. Everett K. Rowson, SUNY, Albany, 1989; v. 23 "The Zenith of the Marwanid House," transl. Martin Hinds, SUNY, Albany, 1990.
John Bagot Glubb The Empire of the Arabs, Hodder and Stoughton, London, 1963

????????? [ ???????? ]

??????????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????

" Abdal-Malek "? ??????? ??? ???????????????? ? ?????

????????? ???????
????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????
????????? ????? ????????	??????? ????? ???????	????????? ????? ?? ???????

[EB-1] ? ^? " ' Abd al-Malik"? Encyclopedia Britannica ? I: A-Ak - Bayes (15th ???????)? Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.? ????? ?????? 14?15? ???????? 978-1-59339-837-8 ?

[Eli-2] ? ^? Dr. Eli Munif Shahla, "Al-Ayam al-Akhira fi Hayat al-Kulafa", Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, 1st ed., 1998, pp 236-238.

[3] There is uncertainty as to when his actual birth occurred. Sources say 646 or 647.

[4] Classical Islam G.Gunebam

[islamibarta.com-5] ? ^? ^? ^? "? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????????" ? Islami Barta - ?????? ?????? ? ????-??-?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ????-??-?? ?

[ourislam24.net-6] ? ^? "???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????????" ? our Islam (?????? ??????)? ????-??-?? ? ???????? ????? ????-??-?? ?

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