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↑ ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ??????????????
↑ ???????????, ?????? ??. ??. (????)? "??????? ???????"? ??. ??. ??????????? ??? ??????. ?????? (?????:)? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ? ??? ??????: ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? 0-19-507993-0 ?
↑ ?????, ??? (????)? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????????: ? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????? 1-877761-50-8 ?
↑ ???, ??????? (????)? ????? ???????? ? ??????: ????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? 81-7215-123-3 ?
↑ ^? ^? ^? "???????? ?-???-? ??" ? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????? (??????????? ????????? ??????) ? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?
↑ (????, ????)
↑ ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????
↑ ????? ?? ???????????????? ??????????
↑ ????, ?? (????)? "?????? ??????? ??????????"? ??? ??????? ????? : ??????
↑ ??????????????? ??????? ??????????????? (????). Expose des principes de l’Association phonetique internationale (?????), ??? ?? [?]
↑ ????, ?? (?????????? ????)? "Decisions du conseil relativement aux propositions de la conference de Copenhague / desizj?? dy k??s?ːj r?lativm?? o pr?pozisj?? d la k??fer??ːs d? *k?pnag / "? artikl? d? f?? ? Le Maitre Phonetique (????? ??????)? ?? : ???
↑ ????? ????, ??? ????
↑ ?', ?? ???????? (????)? ?????? ??????????? ? ????? ???? ? ??????: ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? 81-85471-12-6 ?
↑ ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????
↑ ???????????????, ??????? (????)? "???????????"? ?????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????: ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? 81-8175-076-4 ?
↑ ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ??????????????, ??? ???
↑ ??? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????? (????), ??????????, ??????? ??????? ???? (?????:), ??? ??:-?, ?? ?????, "??????? ???????", ??? ???, ????
↑ "??????? ??????????? ?? ??????????, ?????, ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????????" ? Ajol.info ? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ? It is traditional to place the tie bar above the letters. It may be placed below to avoid overlap with ascenders or diacritic marks, or simply because it is more legible that way, as in Niesler, Louw, & Roux (????)
↑ The sound in question is one variant of the pronunciation of the phonological element ?, which is highly variable in Swedish dialects, receiving pronunciations ranging from a palatalized bilabial sound to a velarized palato-alveolar one to a fully velar one. [I]t is not clear that any of the variants is actually a doubly articulated fricative. ? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????:???-???, ???
↑ ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???
↑ ????, ????? ??.; ??????, ?? (????)? "??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???????" [???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????]? ??????? ?? ???????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ? ? (??): ???????? (??????)
↑ "The diacritics...can be used to modify the lip or tongue position implied by a vowel symbol." (International Phonetic Association, Handbook, p. 16) (??????)

????????? [ ???????? ]

[1] ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ??????????????

[world-2] ???????????, ?????? ??. ??. (????)? "??????? ???????"? ??. ??. ??????????? ??? ??????. ?????? (?????:)? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ? ??? ??????: ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? 0-19-507993-0 ?

[3] ?????, ??? (????)? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????????: ? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????? 1-877761-50-8 ?

[4] ???, ??????? (????)? ????? ???????? ? ??????: ????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? 81-7215-123-3 ?

[ipaweb-5] ? ^? ^? "???????? ?-???-? ??" ? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????? (??????????? ????????? ??????) ? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?

[6] (????, ????)

[IPA194-196-7] ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????

[8] ????? ?? ???????????????? ??????????

[9] ????, ?? (????)? "?????? ??????? ??????????"? ??? ??????? ????? : ??????

[10] ??????????????? ??????? ??????????????? (????). Expose des principes de l’Association phonetique internationale (?????), ??? ?? [?]

[11] ????, ?? (?????????? ????)? "Decisions du conseil relativement aux propositions de la conference de Copenhague / desizj?? dy k??s?ːj r?lativm?? o pr?pozisj?? d la k??fer??ːs d? *k?pnag / "? artikl? d? f?? ? Le Maitre Phonetique (????? ??????)? ?? : ???

[12] ????? ????, ??? ????

[13] ?', ?? ???????? (????)? ?????? ??????????? ? ????? ???? ? ??????: ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? 81-85471-12-6 ?

[14] ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????

[15] ???????????????, ??????? (????)? "???????????"? ?????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????: ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? 81-8175-076-4 ?

[IPA3-4-16] ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ??????????????, ??? ???

[17] ??? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????? (????), ??????????, ??????? ??????? ???? (?????:), ??? ??:-?, ?? ?????, "??????? ???????", ??? ???, ????

[18] "??????? ??????????? ?? ??????????, ?????, ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????????" ? Ajol.info ? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ? It is traditional to place the tie bar above the letters. It may be placed below to avoid overlap with ascenders or diacritic marks, or simply because it is more legible that way, as in Niesler, Louw, & Roux (????)

[19] The sound in question is one variant of the pronunciation of the phonological element ?, which is highly variable in Swedish dialects, receiving pronunciations ranging from a palatalized bilabial sound to a velarized palato-alveolar one to a fully velar one. [I]t is not clear that any of the variants is actually a doubly articulated fricative. ? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????:???-???, ???

[20] ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???

[21] ????, ????? ??.; ??????, ?? (????)? "??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???????" [???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????]? ??????? ?? ???????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ? ? (??): ???????? (??????)

[22] "The diacritics...can be used to modify the lip or tongue position implied by a vowel symbol." (International Phonetic Association, Handbook, p. 16) (??????)

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