??????? ??????? ??????

??????? ???????? ??????
*Anadolu Selcuklu Devleti*
???????? ???
Salj?qiy?n-i R?m
??????? ???????? ?????? Anadolu Selcuklu Devleti ; ???????? ??? ; Salj?qiy?n-i R?m
1077?1308
	Expansion of the Sultanate c. 1100?1240
?????	?????????
??????	?????? ; ????? ; ?????
??????? ?????	???? ??????? ????????? (???????? ????? ???? ? ????? ????) ; ???? ???? (???? ???) ; ????? ????
???	?????? ?????? (????)
Sultan
? 1077?1086	Suleiman ibn Qutulmish
? 1303?1308	Mesud II
?????? ????
? ????? ????? ?????? from the ????? ????? ??????	1077
? Battle of Kose Da?	1243
? death of Mesud II	1308
? Karamanid conquest	1328
?????
1243	??? ??????????:Convert-?? 1851-??/?? ??????: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value).
???????	???????
	Seljuk Empire
	Danishmends
	Mengujekids
	Saltukids
	Artuqids
Anatolian beyliks
Ottoman Empire
Ilkhanate
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia

??? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??? ? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? (????-????) ? ????????????? ????????? ??????? ?????. ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????.

?????? [ ???????? ]

???????? ????????? ?????????? ???? (??????) -????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????.

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^ "Modern Turkish is the descendant of Ottoman Turkish and its predecessor, so-called Old Anatolian Turkish, which was introduced into Anatolia by the Seljuq Turks in the late 11th century ad." . Encyclopædia Britannica . ???????????30 September 2017.
^ Grousset, Rene, The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia , (Rutgers University Press, 2002), 157; "...the Seljuk court at Konya adopted Persian as its official language."
^ Bernard Lewis, Istanbul and the Civilization of the Ottoman Empire , (University of Oklahoma Press, 1963), 29; "The literature of Seljuk Anatolia was almost entirely in Persian...".
^ Andrew Peacock and Sara Nur Yildiz, The Seljuks of Anatolia: Court and Society in the Medieval Middle East , (I.B. Tauris, 2013), 132; " The official use of the Greek language by the Seljuk chancery is well known ".

[1] "Modern Turkish is the descendant of Ottoman Turkish and its predecessor, so-called Old Anatolian Turkish, which was introduced into Anatolia by the Seljuq Turks in the late 11th century ad." . Encyclopædia Britannica . ???????????30 September 2017.

[2] Grousset, Rene, The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia , (Rutgers University Press, 2002), 157; "...the Seljuk court at Konya adopted Persian as its official language."

[3] Bernard Lewis, Istanbul and the Civilization of the Ottoman Empire , (University of Oklahoma Press, 1963), 29; "The literature of Seljuk Anatolia was almost entirely in Persian...".

[4] Andrew Peacock and Sara Nur Yildiz, The Seljuks of Anatolia: Court and Society in the Medieval Middle East , (I.B. Tauris, 2013), 132; " The official use of the Greek language by the Seljuk chancery is well known ".

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