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?? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??,” ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????“

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??????? ????????????? ?? ???? (???????) ??? ?????? ????? ??? (?????) ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ^[??]?????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???
???? ???? 51826 Kalpanachawla , ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ( Columbia )'???? ???? ^[??]
5 ?????? 2003 ??, ???? ?? ???????????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ????????, " METSAT ", "?????? ". ?? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? METSAT-1 ( METSAT-1 )", ???? ??????12 ??????? 2002 ?? " ??????-1 ( KALPANA-1 )". ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? " ??????-2 ( KALPANA-2 )"2007 ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ^[??]
????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ( Queens ) ?? 74. ??????? ?? ??? ?? 74. ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??
??????? ????????????? ?? Arlington ( University of Texas at Arlington ) (???? ????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????1984 ??? ??????? ??) ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ( dormitory ), ?????? ????? ??? , ?? ??? ?? 2004 ???. ^[??] ??? ???
?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? 2004 ??? ???? ????? ??????????? ?? ??? ^[??] ??????? ???? ???
????? ??????????? ????? , ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????????, INR ( INR ) ?? ??? ?????? ????, ?? ??? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ^[??]
???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ^[??]
???????? ???????????? ??????? ( Florida Institute of Technology ) ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ?? '?????????? ?????????? ???????, ??? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???
???? ?? ????? ???????????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ( Columbia Hills ) ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??, .
????? ????? ( Steve Morse ) ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ( Deep Purple ) ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? "?????? ????" ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? = ????? ( Bananas ) . ^[??] ??? ???? ?? ???? ??
???? ???, ???? ?????, ?? ??????? ?? "???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????, ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ? ?? ???????? ?? " ^[??]
?????????? ???? ???? ( Peter David ) ?? ???? 2007 ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? shuttlecraft ( shuttlecraft ) ?? ??? ??? ???? ??, ????? ????? ( Star Trek ) ??????? ????? ?????: ???? ?????: ???? ???? ????? . ^[??]
???????? , ??????????? ^[??] ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???

?????? ?? ????? [ ??????? | ????? ???????? ???? ]

????? ??????? [ ??????? | ????? ???????? ???? ]

??????? [ ??????? | ????? ???????? ???? ]

↑ Salim Rizvi (??????? 11, 2006). "Indo-US astronaut follows Kalpana's footsteps" . New York: BBC . ?????? ???? November 20, 2012 . Almost four years after the death of the first Indian-American astronaut Kalpana Chawla in the Columbia space shuttle disaster, Nasa has sent another woman of Indian origin into space.
↑ Nola Taylor Redd. "Kalpana Chawla: Biography & Columbia Disaster" . Space.com . Tech Media Network . ?????? ???? November 20, 2012 .
↑ "???????? ??? ???????? ?? ????" . ????? ???? . ?????? ???? 2007-06-08 .
↑ ^?.? ^?.? "?????????????? ?????, ?????? ?????" . ?????.???. ??? ?? 2003-01-17 ?? ?????????. ??????? ?????? |accessda.te= ?? ??????? ?? ??? ( ??? ) ?????:Deadlink
↑ "???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???" . CNN . ?????? ???? 2007-06-02 . ?????:Deadlink
↑ "???? ????? ????" . ? ????? ?????? ????, ???? . ?????? ???? 2007-06-08 . Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= ( ??? )
↑ ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????
↑ ?????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???????
↑ ???? ????? - ?????? ?????, ????.??.
↑ ?????? ????? ?? ????????????? ?????
↑ ?????? ????? ??????-??????????? ??????
↑ ?????? ????? - ???? ???????? ?????:Deadlink
↑ ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????:Deadlink ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????
↑ ??? ????, ??? ????
↑ ????????? ????? ???????, ??? ??. ?????? ?????, ???????? ?????? ?????:Deadlink
↑ ?????? ????? ?? ?????
↑ ????? ?? ????????
↑ ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????:Deadlink
↑ "Kalpana Chawla Memorial Scholarship" . UTEP . ?????? ???? 2008-06-10 .
↑ "???????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????????" . ???? ?????? . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 .
↑ "ISRO METSAT Satellite Series Named After Columbia Astronaut Kalpana Chawla" . Spaceref.com . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 .
↑ "More about Kalpana Chawla Hall" . University of Texas at Arlington . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 . ?????:Deadlink
↑ "Kalpana Chawla Award instituted" . ? ?????? . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 .
↑ "Punjab Engineering College remembers Kalpana" . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 . ??????? ?????? |pubgjflisher= ?? ??????? ?? ??? ( ??? ) ?????:Deadlink
↑ "NASA Names Supercomputer After Columbia Astronaut" . About.com . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 .
↑ HobbySpace - ???????? ????? - ??? / ???
↑ " ' COLUMBIA IS LOST' A Muse for Indian Women" . LA Times (reprint on IndianEmbassy.org) . ?????? ???? 2007-06-02 . ?????:Deadlink
↑ ?????, ???? ?? bicth;) ????? ?????: ???? ?????: ???? ???? ????? , ????? 24.
↑ http://ibnlive.in.com/news/planetarium-in-kalpana-chawlas-memory/36993-11.htmlIBN ?????? ?????:Deadlink

??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? [ ??????? | ????? ???????? ???? ]

Kalpana Chawla ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ????

?????:Wikiquote

?????? ????? ?????? ??????-???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???
?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? 50 ???? ?????? ????? ( ISBN 81-88086-19-3 )

?????:????? ?? ???????/???? ?????:???? ?? ???? ???????

[1] Salim Rizvi (??????? 11, 2006). "Indo-US astronaut follows Kalpana's footsteps" . New York: BBC . ?????? ???? November 20, 2012 . Almost four years after the death of the first Indian-American astronaut Kalpana Chawla in the Columbia space shuttle disaster, Nasa has sent another woman of Indian origin into space.

[2] Nola Taylor Redd. "Kalpana Chawla: Biography & Columbia Disaster" . Space.com . Tech Media Network . ?????? ???? November 20, 2012 .

[3] "???????? ??? ???????? ?? ????" . ????? ???? . ?????? ???? 2007-06-08 .

[chawlabio-4] ?.? ^?.? "?????????????? ?????, ?????? ?????" . ?????.???. ??? ?? 2003-01-17 ?? ?????????. ??????? ?????? |accessda.te= ?? ??????? ?? ??? ( ??? ) ?????:Deadlink

[5] "???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???" . CNN . ?????? ???? 2007-06-02 . ?????:Deadlink

[6] "???? ????? ????" . ? ????? ?????? ????, ???? . ?????? ???? 2007-06-08 . Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= ( ??? )

[7] ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????

[8] ?????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???????

[9] ???? ????? - ?????? ?????, ????.??.

[10] ?????? ????? ?? ????????????? ?????

[11] ?????? ????? ??????-??????????? ??????

[12] ?????? ????? - ???? ???????? ?????:Deadlink

[13] ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????:Deadlink ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????

[14] ??? ????, ??? ????

[15] ????????? ????? ???????, ??? ??. ?????? ?????, ???????? ?????? ?????:Deadlink

[16] ?????? ????? ?? ?????

[17] ????? ?? ????????

[18] ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????:Deadlink

[19] "Kalpana Chawla Memorial Scholarship" . UTEP . ?????? ???? 2008-06-10 .

[20] "???????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????????" . ???? ?????? . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 .

[21] "ISRO METSAT Satellite Series Named After Columbia Astronaut Kalpana Chawla" . Spaceref.com . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 .

[22] "More about Kalpana Chawla Hall" . University of Texas at Arlington . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 . ?????:Deadlink

[23] "Kalpana Chawla Award instituted" . ? ?????? . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 .

[24] "Punjab Engineering College remembers Kalpana" . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 . ??????? ?????? |pubgjflisher= ?? ??????? ?? ??? ( ??? ) ?????:Deadlink

[25] "NASA Names Supercomputer After Columbia Astronaut" . About.com . ?????? ???? 2007-06-10 .

[26] HobbySpace - ???????? ????? - ??? / ???

[27] " ' COLUMBIA IS LOST' A Muse for Indian Women" . LA Times (reprint on IndianEmbassy.org) . ?????? ???? 2007-06-02 . ?????:Deadlink

[28] ?????, ???? ?? bicth;) ????? ?????: ???? ?????: ???? ???? ????? , ????? 24.

[29] ttp://ibnlive.in.com/news/planetarium-in-kalpana-chawlas-memory/36993-11.htmlIBN ?????? ?????:Deadlink

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