?? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ? ?????? ???????? ? ??????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ? ???????????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????????????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????-???? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ????? ?'? ???? ? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ?’? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? {{ ???????? ???????? }} ???? ???? ????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????

???? ??? ?????? ??????? (Inertial Frame of Reference) ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????, ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? “ On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies ” ? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????????????? ???? ??? ?????

????????????? [ ???????? ??? ]

????????????? ? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???? ?'?-

(?) ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ???????????????? ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ???????????

(?) ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?’? ?.???x?? ^? ?????/???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????

??-?????? ????????? [ ???????? ??? ]

??-?????? ?????????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ?’? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?'??? ?'?? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ????: ?? ??? ????? ????, ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???

E = mc ²

????? E ?'? ????? , m ?? ??? c ????? ??? ?

???????????? [ ???????? ??? ]

???????? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? (x), ?????? (y) ??? ?????? (z)? ?????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? - ?????? ?????????? ?'? ???? (t)? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????

???????, ???? ??? ??? ????????? ???????????:

????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? x, y, z, t ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? x', y', z', t' ??? ??????

${\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}t'&=\gamma (t-vx/c^{2})\\x'&=\gamma (x-vt)\\y'&=y\\z'&=z,\end{aligned}}}$

?’?

${\displaystyle \gamma ={\frac {1}{\sqrt {1-{\frac {v^{2}}{c^{2}}}}}}}$

?'? '?????? ????' ??? c ????? ????

????????? [ ???????? ??? ]