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????? ?? ????? ( ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????) ?????? ???????? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????

?????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ? ????? ????????? ? ????-???? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ???????

??? ??? ??? [ ???????? ??? ]

??????? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???????????, ?????????????????, ????????? ?????, ????????????, ???????????????, ?????????????, ??????????, ???????????,???????????????, ?????? ??? ??????????? ^[1]

????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? (??? ??????) ???? ?????? ??? ???? ^[2] ?????? ??? ????? Caverns, Cauldrons, and Concealed Creatures ? ?????? "????? ??????" ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ^[3]^[4]

???? ??? ?????????? ???? [ ???????? ??? ]

????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ^[5]^[6] ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ^[7] ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ^[8]

??????? ??? ????? [ ???????? ??? ]

?????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????-??? ??????? ????? ^[9]

???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ^[10] ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?'? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?????????? ??????? ? ?????? ????????? ^[11] ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ^[12]???????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ^[7] ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?'? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?'?? ^[10]^[13]

??????? ???? ??? ?????? [ ???????? ??? ]

???????????? ?????? ? ????? ??? ????? ? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ^[14]^[15] ???????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ? ????? ????????? ? ???? ??????? ?????? ?'? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ^[15]

??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ^[15] ??????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ^[14] ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ^[16] ?????????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ^[15] ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ^[17] ?????? ?????, ?????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ^[15]

??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ^[18]

????????? [ ???????? ??? ]

↑ Vettam 1975 , ??????. 806.
↑ Wheeler, James Talboys (1867). The History of India from the Earliest Ages: The Vedic period and the Maha Bharata . N. Trubner. ??????. 572 . https://books.google.com/books?id=x15NAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA571 .
↑ Steiger, Brad (2010). Real Monsters, Gruesome Critters, and Beasts from the Darkside . Visible Ink Press. ??????. 150. ISBN 978-1-57859-345-3 . https://books.google.com/books?id=QANlCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150 .
↑ Mott, Wm Michael (2011). Caverns, Cauldrons, and Concealed Creatures: A Study of Subterranean Mysteries in History, Folklore, and Myth . Grave Distractions Pub.. ??????. 98. ISBN 978-0-9829128-7-4 . https://books.google.com/books?id=d0l7AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA98 .
↑ Vogel 1926 , ??????. 208.
↑ Vettam 1975 , ??????. 19.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Debroy 2010 , sec.Arjuna-vanavasa Parva.
↑ Chandramouli 2012 , chpt. Seprent Princess.
↑ Vettam 1975 , ??????. 96.
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 Vettam 1975 , ??????. 332.
↑ Vettam 1975 , ??????. 54.
↑ Bhanu, Sharada (1997). Myths and Legends from India - Great Women . ??????? Chennai: Macmillan India Limited. ??????. 7. ISBN 0-333-93076-2 .
↑ Thadani 1931 , ??????. 185?186.
↑ ^14.0 ^14.1 Ganguli, Kisari Mohan (1883?1896). "SECTION LXXXI" . The Mahabharata: Book 14: Anugita Parva . Internet Sacred Text Archive . http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m14/m14081.htm ? ???? ??? ????: 3 April 2016 .
↑ ^15.0 ^15.1 ^15.2 ^15.3 ^15.4 Vettam 1975 , ??????. 97.
↑ Ganguli, Kisari Mohan (1883?1896). "SECTION LXXIX" . The Mahabharata: Book 14: Anugita Parva . Internet Sacred Text Archive . http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m14/m14079.htm ? ???? ??? ????: 3 April 2016 .
↑ Ganguli, Kisari Mohan (1883?1896). "SECTION LXXX" . The Mahabharata: Book 14: Anugita Parva . Internet Sacred Text Archive . http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m14/m14080.htm ? ???? ??? ????: 3 April 2016 .
↑ Ganguli, Kisari Mohan (1883?1896). "SECTION 1" . The Mahabharata: Book 17: Mahaprasthanika Parva . Internet Sacred Text Archive . http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m17/m17001.htm ? ???? ??? ????: 3 April 2016 .

??????????? [ ???????? ??? ]

Chandramouli, Anuja (2012). ARJUNA: Saga Of A Pandava Warrior-Prince . Leadstart Publishing Pvt Ltd. ISBN 978-93-81576-39-7 . https://books.google.com/books?id=-ucDRHzIx_AC .
Debroy, Bibek (2010). The Mahabharata: Volume 2 . Penguin Books . ??????. 536. ISBN 978-0-14-310013-3 .
Sweety, Dr.Shinde (2015). Arjun: Without A Doubt . Leadstart Publishing PvtLtd. ISBN 978-93-81836-97-2 . https://books.google.com/books?id=xP9qBgAAQBAJ .
Vogel, Jean Philippe (1926). Indian Serpent-lore: Or, The N?gas in Hindu Legend and Art . Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-1071-2 . https://books.google.com/books?id=caskYEbIQDoC .
Thadani, N. (1931). The Mystery of the Mahabharata . 4 . India Research Press. GGKEY:EUL3QR74A0R . https://books.google.com/books?id=tCAnrHq8r1kC .
Vettam, Mani (1975). Puranic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary With Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature . ??????? Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass . ISBN 0-8426-0822-2 .

[FOOTNOTEVettam1975806-1] Vettam 1975 , ??????. 806.

[Wheeler1867-2] Wheeler, James Talboys (1867). The History of India from the Earliest Ages: The Vedic period and the Maha Bharata . N. Trubner. ??????. 572 . https://books.google.com/books?id=x15NAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA571 .

[Steiger2010-3] Steiger, Brad (2010). Real Monsters, Gruesome Critters, and Beasts from the Darkside . Visible Ink Press. ??????. 150. ISBN 978-1-57859-345-3 . https://books.google.com/books?id=QANlCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150 .

[Mott2011-4] Mott, Wm Michael (2011). Caverns, Cauldrons, and Concealed Creatures: A Study of Subterranean Mysteries in History, Folklore, and Myth . Grave Distractions Pub.. ??????. 98. ISBN 978-0-9829128-7-4 . https://books.google.com/books?id=d0l7AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA98 .

[FOOTNOTEVogel1926208-5] Vogel 1926 , ??????. 208.

[FOOTNOTEVettam197519-6] Vettam 1975 , ??????. 19.

[FOOTNOTEDebroy2010sec.Arjuna-vanavasa_Parva-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Debroy 2010 , sec.Arjuna-vanavasa Parva.

[FOOTNOTEChandramouli2012chpt._Seprent_Princess-8] Chandramouli 2012 , chpt. Seprent Princess.

[FOOTNOTEVettam197596-9] Vettam 1975 , ??????. 96.

[FOOTNOTEVettam1975332-10] 10.0 ^10.1 Vettam 1975 , ??????. 332.

[FOOTNOTEVettam197554-11] Vettam 1975 , ??????. 54.

[12] Bhanu, Sharada (1997). Myths and Legends from India - Great Women . ??????? Chennai: Macmillan India Limited. ??????. 7. ISBN 0-333-93076-2 .

[FOOTNOTEThadani1931185–186-13] Thadani 1931 , ??????. 185?186.

[LXXXI-14] 14.0 ^14.1 Ganguli, Kisari Mohan (1883?1896). "SECTION LXXXI" . The Mahabharata: Book 14: Anugita Parva . Internet Sacred Text Archive . http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m14/m14081.htm ? ???? ??? ????: 3 April 2016 .

[FOOTNOTEVettam197597-15] 15.0 ^15.1 ^15.2 ^15.3 ^15.4 Vettam 1975 , ??????. 97.

[16] Ganguli, Kisari Mohan (1883?1896). "SECTION LXXIX" . The Mahabharata: Book 14: Anugita Parva . Internet Sacred Text Archive . http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m14/m14079.htm ? ???? ??? ????: 3 April 2016 .

[17] Ganguli, Kisari Mohan (1883?1896). "SECTION LXXX" . The Mahabharata: Book 14: Anugita Parva . Internet Sacred Text Archive . http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m14/m14080.htm ? ???? ??? ????: 3 April 2016 .

[18] Ganguli, Kisari Mohan (1883?1896). "SECTION 1" . The Mahabharata: Book 17: Mahaprasthanika Parva . Internet Sacred Text Archive . http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m17/m17001.htm ? ???? ??? ????: 3 April 2016 .

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