??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???-??? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ^[1]

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???????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ??????????? (????: ??????, ?????? ????????? ??????) ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????, ??? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ????

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??????? ???????? ??? ?????:

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????????? [ ???????? ??? ]

• Rines, George Edwin (1920). "   Hegira ". Encyclopedia Americana . ??????? New York, Chicago: The Encyclopedia Americana Corporation. Wikisource  
• Helmer Aslaksen The Islamic Calendar
• Khalid Chraibi, The reform of the Islamic calendar: the terms of the debate, Tabsir.net, September 2012

????????? ???? ??? ??????? [ ???????? ??? ]

• Calendar Converter
• The Umm Al-Qura (Mecca) Calendar (in Arabic, English explanation here )
• The Umm al-Qura Calendar of Saudi Arabia (with date converter valid from 1937 to 2077)
• The Islamic Calendar/Hijri Calendar for Makkah Archived 2018-12-31 at the Wayback Machine
• Online Alavi Taiyebi Calendar
• Interactive Islamic Gregorian Calendar Archived 2016-10-13 at the Wayback Machine
• Islamic / Western Calendar Converter (supports all known variants of the tabular Islamic calendar)