???????

???????
	; ??????? ? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????
????????
?????????	William Herschel
????????? ?????	March 13 , 1781
?????
??????	Uranian
??????? ?????????
	??? J2000
?????	3,006,389,405 km ; 20.096 471 90 AU ; 1,868,088,249 miles
??????	2,735,555,035 km ; 18.286 055 96 AU ; 1,699,799,169 miles
????-????? ????	2,870,972,220 km ; 19.191 263 93 AU ; 1,783,943,710 miles
???????????	0.047 167 71
??????????	369.65 day
??? ??????? ??????	6.795 km/s
???	0.769 86° ; (6.48° to Sun's equator)
?????????? ????????	74.229 88°
??????????	27
????? ?????????????
???????? ?????????	25,559 km ; (4.007 Earths )
???? ?????????	24,973 km ; (3.929 Earths)
?????? ?????????	8.084×10 9 km 2 ; (15.849 Earths)
?????	6.834×10 13 km 3 ; (63.086 Earths)
??	8.6832×10 25 kg ; (14.536 Earths)
??? ?????	1.318 g/cm 3
???????? ?????? ???????	8.69 m/s 2 ; (0.886 g )
?????? ???	21.29 km/s
?????????? ?????????	? 0.718 33 day (17 h 14 min 24 s by convention)
???????? ?????? ?????? ???	2.59 km/s = 9320 km/h
??????? ???	97.77°
????? ????? ????????	77.31° (5 h 9 min 15 s)
????? ????? ?????????	+15.175°
???????? ??????	0.51
??????????
?????? ???	120 kPa (at the cloud level)
????? ?????? ??????	83% Hydrogen ; 15% Helium ; 1.99% Methane ; 0.01% Ammonia ; 0.00025% Ethane ; 0.00001% Acetylene ; trace Carbon monoxide ; trace Hydrogen sulfide

??????? ( ??????? : Uranus) ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???'?? ? ????, ????? ? ?????? ??? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ? ??? ??????’??? ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????, ??’????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????’??????? ???????? ???? ????? ^[2] ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? (-??? ?????? ?????????)? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ^[2]??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ^[3]

????????? [ ???????? ??? ]

↑ "??????? ???" . Archived from the original on 2018-10-31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181031190003/http://www.hnsky.org/iau-iag.htm ? ???? ??? ????: 2011-12-18 .
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Lunine, Jonathan I. (September 1993). "The Atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics ???? 31 : 217?263. doi : 10.1146/annurev.aa.31.090193.001245 .
↑ Podolak, M.; Weizman, A.; Marley, M. (December 1995). "Comparative models of Uranus and Neptune". Planetary and Space Science ???? 43 (12): 1517?1522. doi : 10.1016/0032-0633(95)00061-5 .

??????? ????? [ ???????? ??? ]

Edge On! ESO Press Release Archived 2008-02-22 at the Wayback Machine
NASA's Uranus fact sheet
Uranus Profile at NASA's Solar System Exploration site
Keck pictures of Uranus show best view from the ground ? Press release with some photographs showing rings, satellites and clouds
News reports of December 22, 2005 rings and moons discovery
- New Moons and Rings found at Uranus , SPACE.com
- Two more rings discovered around Uranus , MSNBC
Planets?Uranus A kid's guide to Uranus.
Spring Has Sprung on Uranus Archived 2009-01-06 at the Wayback Machine
Uranus at Jet Propulsion Laboratory 's planetary photojournal.
Uranus (Astronomy Cast homepage)
Uranian system montage

?????? ??? ? ? ? ?

????? ? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????	???????? ? = ????????? ?????? ? = ????????		???	?????	?????? ?	????? ?

			???????? ? ?	??? ? ?	??????? ? ?	?????? ? ?

	????? ????????		?????	?????? ?	???? ?
	????? ????????
	??????? ??? ?????? ?????	??????? ( ??????? ???? )	??????? ?????? ??? ?????? : ?????????????? · ??????? ????????? ??????? · ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? · ???????? · ?????? ?????? · ??????? ?????? · ?????
		??????? ( ??????? ???? )	??? ????: ???????????? ?????? , ???? ??? ???????????? ???? ??????? .

		??????- ?????	?????? ??????? ? ???????? : ????? · ???????? ? ??????? :
		??????- ?????

		???????	?????????? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? · ??????????? · ???? ???
??? ????: ????????????????? ????? , ??????? ?????????? ?????? , ??? ?????? ????; ????????? ???? ?? , ??? ???????????????

[1] "??????? ???" . Archived from the original on 2018-10-31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181031190003/http://www.hnsky.org/iau-iag.htm ? ???? ??? ????: 2011-12-18 .

[Lunine_1993-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Lunine, Jonathan I. (September 1993). "The Atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics ???? 31 : 217?263. doi : 10.1146/annurev.aa.31.090193.001245 .

[Podolak_Weizman_et_al._1995-3] Podolak, M.; Weizman, A.; Marley, M. (December 1995). "Comparative models of Uranus and Neptune". Planetary and Space Science ???? 43 (12): 1517?1522. doi : 10.1016/0032-0633(95)00061-5 .

[1]

[2]

[3]