?????? ???????

?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????
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?????? ??????? ( ?????????? : Daniel Chwolson ) ??? ????? ????? ?? ???????????? ??????? .

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?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? 3 ?????? ??? 1819 ?? ??????? .

?????? ??????? ??? ?? 23 ???? ??? 1911 .

↑ ^? ^? ^? ^? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? (GREO): https://old.bigenc.ru/text/4663377 ? ????? ???????: 13 ?????? 2021 ? ??????? : Большая российская энциклопедия ? ??????: ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ? ??????: ????? ????? ????? ????? ????
↑ ^? ^? ???? ???????: https://en.rodovid.org/wk/Person:717298 ? ????? ???????: 13 ?????? 2021 ? ??????: ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????
↑ ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? (BnF): https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb10096463g ? ????? ???????: 13 ?????? 2021 ? ??????: ????? ????? ??????? ? ??????? : ???? ???? ???? ???? ? ??????: ???? ???
↑ ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? (LIH): https://lnb.libis.lt/simpleSearch.do?doSearch=1&AI001=LNB:geL;=Bo ? ????? ???????: 13 ?????? 2021 ? ???????: ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????
↑ ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? (CERL): https://data.cerl.org/thesaurus/cnp01488376 ? ????? ???????: 13 ?????? 2021 ? ??????: ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ? ??????: Open Data Commons Attribution License ? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? 2.0
↑ ??????? ????? ????????? ?????????? (GND): https://d-nb.info/gnd/118049240 ? ????? ???????: 30 ????? 2023