?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
????? ?????????
(22 ?????
1904
-
18 ??????
1967
) J. Robert Oppenheimer ???????
??????
? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ??????.
??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??
??? ??????? ???????
????? ????????? ???????
???????
. ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???
???????? ???????
??
???????
???
1888
, ??? ????????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????????
??? ??????
?
?????? ??????
.
????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????????, ??????.
????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ????
????????
, ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? (????? ???? - ?????????) ? ????? ??? ????? (???????? - ???????) ? (????? ????????? - ??????) ? (?????? ???????) ? (???????? ???? ) ? (????? ???? ????) ? (?????? ???????).
?????? ??????
[
?????
]
- ↑
?
?
?
?
http://www.nndb.com/people/808/000047667/
- ↑
?
?
???? : 118590146 ? ????? ???????: 26 ????? 2014 ? ??????: CC0
- ↑
?
?
?
http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12365074z
? ????? ???????: 10 ?????? 2015 ? ??????:
????? ????? ???????
? ??????: ???? ???
- ↑
?
?
???? ??????? ??????????:
https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6v1266v
? ????: J. Robert Oppenheimer ? ????? ???????: 9 ?????? 2017
- ↑
?
?
????? ?????:
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/2216
? ????: J. Robert Oppenheimer ? ????? ???????: 9 ?????? 2017
- ↑
?
?
??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? "???????" (Discogs):
https://www.discogs.com/artist/1943552
? ????: Robert Oppenheimer ? ????? ???????: 9 ?????? 2017
- ↑
??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????:
https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/oppenheimer-julius-robert
? ????: Julius Robert Oppenheimer ? ????? ???????: 9 ?????? 2017
- ↑
???? : 118590146 ? ????? ???????: 11 ?????? 2014 ? ??????: CC0
- ↑
?
?
???? : 118590146 ? ????? ???????: 28 ?????? 2015 ? ??????:
??????? ???????
? ??????? :
Большая советская энциклопедия
? ??????? ?????? ? ?????: Оппенгеймер Роберт ? ??????: ???????? ??????? ??????? ???
- ↑
https://a860-historicalvitalrecords.nyc.gov/view/1593063
? ????? ???????: 19 ?????? 2022
- ↑
https://www.nndb.com/people/808/000047667/
- ↑
??????? :
Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin, American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer, Vintage Books, 11 avril 2006,
ISBN 978-0-375-72626-2
, p. 219-221
- ↑
??????? :
Michel Rival, Robert Oppenheimer, Flammarion, coll. ≪ Grandes Biographies ≫, juin 1995,
ISBN 2-08-066799-8
, p. 57-58
- ↑
??????? :
Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin, American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer, Vintage Books, 11 avril 2006,
ISBN 978-0-375-72626-2
, p. 9-11
- ↑
??????? :
Michel Rival, Robert Oppenheimer, Flammarion, coll. ≪ Grandes Biographies ≫, juin 1995,
ISBN 2-08-066799-8
, p. 42
- ↑
??????? :
Michel Rival, Robert Oppenheimer, Flammarion, coll. ≪ Grandes Biographies ≫, juin 1995,
ISBN 2-08-066799-8
, p. 35-36
- ↑
Robert Oppenheimer
- ↑
http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2015/01/23/world/europe/ap-eu-britain-oppenheimer.html
- ↑
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 1904-1967
? ????? ???????: 24 ????? 2018 ? ????? ?????: 29 ????? 2012
- ↑
https://about.lanl.gov/history-innovation/
? ????? ???????: 11 ????? 2023
- ↑
https://www.ias.edu/scholars/oppenheimer
- ↑
??????: Jose Espasa Anguera ? ??????? :
Enciclopedia universal ilustrada europeo-americana
? ??????: Suplemento 1967-1968 ? ??????: 382 ? ??????: Editorial Espasa ?
ISBN 978-84-239-4500-9
- ↑
https://www.genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=14001
? ????? ???????: 8 ????? 2016
- ↑
https://web.archive.org/web/20140203030303/http://www.americanscientist.org/bookshelf/pub/a-puzzle-of-a-man
? ??? ?????? ??
?????
?? 3 ?????? 2014
- ↑
??????: Michel Rival ? ??????? :
Robert Oppenheimer
? ??????: 116
- ↑
??????:
??? ????
?
????? ?. ?????
? ??????? :
American Prometheus
? ??????: 88
- ↑
??????:
??? ????
?
????? ?. ?????
? ??????? :
American Prometheus
? ??????: 387
- ↑
??????:
??? ????
?
????? ?. ?????
? ??????? :
American Prometheus
? ??????: 102
- ↑
??????: Michel Rival ? ??????? :
Robert Oppenheimer
? ??????: 89
- ↑
??????? "???????" (CONOR):
https://plus.cobiss.net/cobiss/si/sl/conor/130335587
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