?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
???? ?? ???? ???????
(
1879
-
5 ?????
1973
) ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????
??????
? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ??
??? ?????? ??????
????? ????? ??????
???? ??????
.
[1]
?????
[
???
]
???? ??????
???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????
??? ??????? ???
1879
?? ?? ???????? ??????
?????
?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???
1903
? ????? ???
???????
???? ????? ???
1904
. ??? ???
??? ???????
???????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????.
????? ????????
[
???
]
???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ???
1911
???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??
1921
??? ???? ??
??????? ????????
??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? (
????? ??????
) ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???
1932
??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???
1949
? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?????
??????
???????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??????????
[2]
??? ?? ?????? ?? ???
????? ??? ?????? ??????
.
[3]
??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??
??? ?????? ????
??????
??? ???? ?????? ??????
?
[4]
?? ???
18 ??????
2009
????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????.
[5]
????????
[
???
]
?????? ?????
???? ??????
???????
?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??
??????
????? ??? ?? ??????
??????? ?????????
???
1911
? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????
1921
? ??? ??? ?????? ???
??????? ????????
???? ?????.
???? ??? ????? ???? ??
??????
???
1922
???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????
????? ??????
???
1921
?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??
?????? ???????? ?????
??????? ???????? ??????
.
???? ???? ????? ?? ?????
????? ??????
??? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???
???????
???? ???? ?????
???????
? ?????? ??? ???
??????
??? ?????? ??? ?????
???? ?????? ??????
???? ???? ??? ??????.
??? ????? ???
???? ??????
???? ??????
??? ?????? ??????
?? ???
1926
???? ??? ?? ????? ?????
???? ?????? ??????
???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??????
[6]
- ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ??
??????
.
- ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????
1932
.
- ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???
1936
.
- ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???
1949
.
- ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???
1937?
.
?????
[
???
]
???? ??
5 ?????
1973
??? ?? ??? ?? ????? 94 ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????.
??? ???
[
???
]
???? ????
[
???
]
???????
[
???
]
?????
[
???
]
- ???? ????? ????? - ???? 167 -168 - ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? - ????? ???? - ????? - ????? - ?????? ?????? -
????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????
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