????? ?????

??? ??	??????? ; white magic (en) ; ?????
?????	????
??????	mediumship (en)

???? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ???? 1872 ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ????????

??????? ??????? ( ??????????? : Mediumship )? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. ^[1]^[2] ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??????????????? ? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? (???? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????)? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? (????) ?? ???? .

????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? (?????? ?????) ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? (????) ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? (??????)? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???:

?????? ?????? .
?????? ?????? .
??????? ??????.
????? ??????? ?????????.
??????? ?? ??????? .
?????????.
????? ??????? . ^[3]

?????? [ ??? ]

?? ??????? ?????????? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? (???? ???????). ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????.

???? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????: ≪???????≫ ? ≪???????≫: ^[4]

?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????.
?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? (?????????) ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????.

???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????. ^[5]

???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ≪??????≫ ?? ≪??????≫ ????? ????? ?? ≪????? ???????≫ ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ≪????? ??????≫.

??????? [ ??? ]

????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????. ???? ??? ????? ????? (?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??????) ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? (???? ????? ??????).

????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ?????. ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? 1848. ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???. ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? 1860 ???????. ^[6] ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ≪???????≫? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ≪????? ??????≫.

??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????. ??? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? (1832?1919) ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? (1823?1913). ^[7]^[8] ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????. ?? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? (1849-1912) ^[9] ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? (1859-1930). ^[10]

??? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? (????? ?????) ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????.

?? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ^[11] ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ???????. ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? 340 ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ^[12]

???????? [ ??? ]

??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????. ^[13] ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????????. ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????. ^[14] ???? ????????????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ???. ^[15] ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? (1960) ??????:

???? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????. ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???????. ^[16]

???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????. ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????????. ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????:

?? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ???????? ????. ^[17]

?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???. ??? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????. ^[18]

????? [ ??? ]

^ Gilmore? Mernie (31 ?????? 2005). "A spiritual connection". The Express . London. {{ ??????? ???? }}: ?????? |????? ?????? ????? ?? |????= ( ?????? )
^ Brandreth? Gyles (3 ?????? 2002). "Is Anybody There?". The Sunday Telegraph . London. {{ ??????? ???? }}: ?????? |????? ?????? ????? ?? |????= ( ?????? )
^ ????: ???? ?? ???? - ?????: ????? ????? - ????? ?????? - ??????? 1990 - ????? ?????? - ???? ?? ????? ????? - ???? 127-138.
^ Imagine Spirit (2019). 'Differences between Mental-Physical-Trance Mediumship'. Imagine Spirit Universal Psychic Arts Training [online] Accessed at: https://imaginespirit.com/differences-between-mental-physical-and-trance-mediums/ ???? ?????? 2019-04-22 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Thirty Years of Psychical Research by Charles Richet p. 38 The Macmillan Company 1923
^ "Spiritism is not a religion but a science", as the famous French astronomer Camille Flammarion said in Allan Kardec's Eulogy on April 2, 1869, in Death and Its Mystery ? After Death. Manifestations and Apparitions of the Dead; The Soul After Death Translated by Latrobe Carroll (London: Adelphi Terrace, 1923), archive version at Allan Kardec eulogy ???? ?????? 23 ????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Brandon, Ruth . (1983). Scientists and the Supernormal . New Scientist. 16 June. pp. 783?86. ???? ?????? 27 ????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Hines, Terence. (2003). Pseudoscience and the Paranormal . Prometheus Books. p. 52. ( ???? 1-57392-979-4 )
^ "W.T. Stead and Spiritualism" . attackingthedevil.co.uk . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-02-29.
^ Jones, Kelvin I. (1989). Conan Doyle and the Spirits: The Spiritualist Career of Arthur Conan Doyle . Aquarian Press.
^ Sutcliffe, Steven J. (2002). Children of the New Age. p. 35.
^ "The SNU" . ???? ?????? 19 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Polidoro, Massimo (2003). Secrets of the Psychics: Investigating Paranormal Claims . Prometheus Books. ( ???? 978-1-59102-086-8 )
^ James Houran. (2004). From Shaman to Scientist: Essays on Humanity's Search for Spirits . Scarecrow Press. p. 177. ( ???? 978-0-8108-5054-5 ) Also see ????? ????? . (2002). The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience . ABC-CLIO. pp. 220?26. ( ???? 978-1-57607-653-8 )
^ ??? ????? . (1985). A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology . Prometheus Books. ( ???? 978-0-87975-300-9 )
^ ???? ????? (2003). An Encyclopaedia of Occultism . Dover. p. 172.
^ The Problem of Fraud by ??? ????? ???? ?????? 6 ?????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Joseph Dunninger . (1935). Inside the Medium's Cabinet . New York, D. Kemp and Company. ???? ?????? . (1924). A Magician Among the Spirits . Cambridge University Press. Joseph Rinn . (1950). Sixty Years Of Psychical Research: Houdini And I Among The Spiritualists . Truth Seeker.

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ????? ?????

[1] Gilmore? Mernie (31 ?????? 2005). "A spiritual connection". The Express . London. {{ ??????? ???? }}: ?????? |????? ?????? ????? ?? |????= ( ?????? )

[2] Brandreth? Gyles (3 ?????? 2002). "Is Anybody There?". The Sunday Telegraph . London. {{ ??????? ???? }}: ?????? |????? ?????? ????? ?? |????= ( ?????? )

[3] ????: ???? ?? ???? - ?????: ????? ????? - ????? ?????? - ??????? 1990 - ????? ?????? - ???? ?? ????? ????? - ???? 127-138.

[4] Imagine Spirit (2019). 'Differences between Mental-Physical-Trance Mediumship'. Imagine Spirit Universal Psychic Arts Training [online] Accessed at: https://imaginespirit.com/differences-between-mental-physical-and-trance-mediums/ ???? ?????? 2019-04-22 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[5] Thirty Years of Psychical Research by Charles Richet p. 38 The Macmillan Company 1923

[aks-6] "Spiritism is not a religion but a science", as the famous French astronomer Camille Flammarion said in Allan Kardec's Eulogy on April 2, 1869, in Death and Its Mystery ? After Death. Manifestations and Apparitions of the Dead; The Soul After Death Translated by Latrobe Carroll (London: Adelphi Terrace, 1923), archive version at Allan Kardec eulogy ???? ?????? 23 ????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[7] Brandon, Ruth . (1983). Scientists and the Supernormal . New Scientist. 16 June. pp. 783?86. ???? ?????? 27 ????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[8] Hines, Terence. (2003). Pseudoscience and the Paranormal . Prometheus Books. p. 52. ( ???? 1-57392-979-4 )

[9] "W.T. Stead and Spiritualism" . attackingthedevil.co.uk . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-02-29.

[10] Jones, Kelvin I. (1989). Conan Doyle and the Spirits: The Spiritualist Career of Arthur Conan Doyle . Aquarian Press.

[11] Sutcliffe, Steven J. (2002). Children of the New Age. p. 35.

[12] "The SNU" . ???? ?????? 19 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[ReferenceB-13] Polidoro, Massimo (2003). Secrets of the Psychics: Investigating Paranormal Claims . Prometheus Books. ( ???? 978-1-59102-086-8 )

[14] James Houran. (2004). From Shaman to Scientist: Essays on Humanity's Search for Spirits . Scarecrow Press. p. 177. ( ???? 978-0-8108-5054-5 ) Also see ????? ????? . (2002). The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience . ABC-CLIO. pp. 220?26. ( ???? 978-1-57607-653-8 )

[15] ??? ????? . (1985). A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology . Prometheus Books. ( ???? 978-0-87975-300-9 )

[16] ???? ????? (2003). An Encyclopaedia of Occultism . Dover. p. 172.

[17] The Problem of Fraud by ??? ????? ???? ?????? 6 ?????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[18] Joseph Dunninger . (1935). Inside the Medium's Cabinet . New York, D. Kemp and Company. ???? ?????? . (1924). A Magician Among the Spirits . Cambridge University Press. Joseph Rinn . (1950). Sixty Years Of Psychical Research: Houdini And I Among The Spiritualists . Truth Seeker.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

? ? ? ?? ???? ??? ?????
?????? ???????
??????	Apparitional experience ??????? ?????? ?????? Bilocation ??? ??????? Deathbed phenomena Dermo-optical perception Dream telepathy ??????????? ????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? Materialization ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? Orb ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? Parapsychology research at SRI Past life regression Plant perception (paranormal) ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? Psychic detective Psychic reading ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? Psychometry Pyrokinesis ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? Spoon bending ??????? Thoughtography ???????????? ?????? ????
?????? ????	??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? Association for the Scientific Study of Anomalous Phenomena College of Psychic Studies Institut Metapsychique International Institute of Noetic Sciences International Association for Near-Death Studies Koestler Parapsychology Unit Parapsychological Association Parapsychology Foundation Rhine Research Center ????? ??????? ??????? The Ghost Club
?????? ?????	American Psychical Institute British College of Psychic Science International Club for Psychical Research International Institute for Psychical Research London Dialectical Society Metropolitan Psychical Society National Laboratory of Psychical Research Oxford Phasmatological Society Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research Laboratory Society for the Study of Supernormal Pictures
?????	????? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????
???????	An Experiment with Time Extrasensory Perception Irreducible Mind Journal of Near-Death Studies Journal of Parapsychology Journal of Scientific Exploration Life After Life (book) Life Before Life Mental Radio Old Souls: The Scientific Evidence For Past Lives Parapsychology: Frontier Science of the Mind The Roots of Coincidence Twenty Cases Suggestive of Reincarnation Varieties of Anomalous Experience
??????? ?????

? ? ? ???????
??????? Outline of spirituality ?????:???????
??????	?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? Ekam ??? (?????) ????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? (????) ???? ???? ????? Involution ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? Planes of existence ^{[???? ????]}‏ ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? Satguru ?????? Shabd ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? (?????) ????? ??????? ???? ??????? Tao Tatvas Yana ???? (???)
?????? ?????	??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????ing ???? Entheogen ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? Iconolatry Japa ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? Nonresistance ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? Religious ecstasy ?????? ????? ???? Revivalism ???? ??????? ??????? ????? Sadhana Sahaj marg ???? Self-realization ??????? ???? ????? Simran Supplication ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? Theosis ??? (?????) ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????
???? ???????	??????? ???????????? Darshana ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? Monolatry ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????
????	???? ?? ???????? Akilattirattu Ammanai ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? The Cloud of Unknowing Dhammapada ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? The Urantia Book ????? ??
?????	????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? / ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? Mercy ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????