???? ?????

???? ?????
???? ?????
	???? ????? ??? ???? ?????
??????????	26°37′00″N 37°55′00″E / 26.61666667°N 37.91666667°E
????? ?????
???	????????
?????	??????? ???????
	????? ????? - ?????

???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? . ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? . ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????.

??????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? 4 ?? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? 4 ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ^[1] ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ???? ?????? ?? 800 ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????. ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? . ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ^[2]

??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ^[3] ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????. ^[4]

??? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? 30 ?? ??? ??????. ^[3]^[5]

?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????. ^[6]^[4]

???? ????? [ ??? ]

???? ??? ??????
???? ????? 2012
????? ?? ???? ?????
????? ?????? ?????
????? ???? ????? ?????
???? ????? ?????? 2011.

??????? [ ??? ]

^ "W?d? al `Ula / Wadi al `Ula, Saudi Arabia (general), Saudi Arabia, Asia" . travelingluck.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-01-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-01-01 .
^ Al?Nasif? Abdallah (1 ????? 1981). "Al?'Ula (Saudi Arabia): a report on a historical and archaeological survey" . British Society for Middle Eastern Studies. Bulletin . ?. 8 ?. 1: 30?32. DOI : 10.1080/13530198108705304 . ISSN : 0305-6139 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-01-02.
^ ^? ^? al-'Ula, Saudi Arabia ./ ???? ?????? 2018-02-11 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ^? ^? Al Ula . ???? ?????? 2019-05-28 ?? Wayback Machine
^ A. R; Abu Al Hassan, Hussein (2001). The civilization of two cities: Al-?Ul? & Mad??in S?li? (???????????). Riyadh: Dar Al-Qawafil. ISBN : 978-9960-9301-0-7 . OCLC : 227035265 . Archived from the original on 2020-01-02.
^ Timothy (2012). The Red Sea from Byzantium to the Caliphate: ad 500?1000 . American University in Cairo Press. ISBN : 978-977-416-544-3 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-01-02.

[1] "W?d? al `Ula / Wadi al `Ula, Saudi Arabia (general), Saudi Arabia, Asia" . travelingluck.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-01-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-01-01 .

[2] Al?Nasif? Abdallah (1 ????? 1981). "Al?'Ula (Saudi Arabia): a report on a historical and archaeological survey" . British Society for Middle Eastern Studies. Bulletin . ?. 8 ?. 1: 30?32. DOI : 10.1080/13530198108705304 . ISSN : 0305-6139 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-01-02.

[:0-3] ? ^? al-'Ula, Saudi Arabia ./ ???? ?????? 2018-02-11 ?? Wayback Machine

[مولد_تلقائيا1-4] ? ^? Al Ula . ???? ?????? 2019-05-28 ?? Wayback Machine

[5] A. R; Abu Al Hassan, Hussein (2001). The civilization of two cities: Al-?Ul? & Mad??in S?li? (???????????). Riyadh: Dar Al-Qawafil. ISBN : 978-9960-9301-0-7 . OCLC : 227035265 . Archived from the original on 2020-01-02.

[6] Timothy (2012). The Red Sea from Byzantium to the Caliphate: ad 500?1000 . American University in Cairo Press. ISBN : 978-977-416-544-3 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-01-02.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]