???? ??????? ??????

?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????. ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ? ??????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? (EU) ?? ??? 1990 ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ????????.

???? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ? ≪???? ?? ?????? ???≫. ^[1] ???? ???? ????????? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? . ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????. ^[2]

????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? . ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? . ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ≪?? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????≫. ^[3] ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ≪????????? ????????≫ ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??? 1796 ???: ≪?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???... ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????.≫ ^[3]^[4]

????? ??????? ≪???????? ???????≫ ?? ???????????? ??????????? ? ???? ???? ≪??????≫ ????? ??????? ????????? .

?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? 1922 ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? - ???????. ??? ??? ????? ≪?????? ???????≫ ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ??? ??????? - ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ≪??? ?????? ???????≫ ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ≪????≫? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????? (??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ≪?????? ???????≫). ^[5]

??? ??? 1945? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? 1993. ?? ?????? ?? 1995 ? 2013? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? 12-28 ????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ≪????????? ????????≫ ??? ??????? - ??????? (???????? ?????? ) ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ????? 510 ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???????.

?? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???????? (???? ???????? 19 ?? ??? 28 ???)? ??? ? ???? ????? ( ?? ???? ????????? ? ≪??????? ?? ??????≫). ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 2004? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? 2007 ?? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???????.

??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ≪???? ?????? ??????≫ (pan-European identity) ?? ≪???? ??????≫ (European identity) ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???. ???? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??≪ ?????????? ???????? ≫? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ≪?????? ?????????≫ ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ≪?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????≫ ???? ????? ≪????? ??????≫ ??? ???? ≪??????? ????????≫. ^[6] ??? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ≪???????? ??? ??????≫ ??????? ????????. ^[7]

????? ??? ≪?????? ?????????≫ ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ≪?????? ?????? ???????≫ ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???????. ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 1998 ??? ≪??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??????? [??????? ????????] ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????. ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????.≫ ^[8] ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????. ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????????? . ^[8]^[9] ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? 2010? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????. ^[10]

????? ??????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?????? ????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ≪????? ?????????≫ ????????.

???? ???? ≪??????? ???????≫ ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????? ? ???????? ???????? ? ???? ?????? ? ???? ??????? ? ??????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? .

???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? 1923 ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? - ???????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? (1926-1972)? ???? ???? ??? ???????? (1973-2004) ????? ???????? (?? 2004). ???? ??? ?????? ????? ≪ ????? ??????? ≫ ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? . ???? ≪?????????? ?????????≫ ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? .

????? ????????? [ ??? ]

???? ?? ?????? ????? ≪?????? ?????????≫ (l'idee d'Europe) ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? 1848 ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? (????? ?? ???? ≪??????? ??????≫ ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???).

???? ????? ≪????? ?????????≫ ????? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????. ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? 1981? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ≪????? ????????? ????????≫ ?? ?????? ??????????. ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ≪????? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????≫ ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ( ??????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ). ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ≪????????≫ ?? ??? ???????? (2010).

??? ?????? ≪????? ?????????≫ ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?≪????? ?????????≫ ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????. ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ≪????? ?????????≫ ???? ????? ??????? ≪??????≫ ?? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????. ???? ≪????? ?????????≫ ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? . ???? ?????? ?????? (2007) ?? ?????? 2 ????? ?? ≪??? ???????≫? ??? ?? ??? ≪?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ≫? ???????? ≪?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????≫.

?? ??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ????? ≪?????? ?????????≫ ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ≪?????? ??????≫ ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? (??? 1956) ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? (??? ??? 1958) ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? (2015). ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ≪?????? ?????????≫ ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ≪??????????≫ (?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ≪???? ??????≫ ?????? ???? ???????. ^[11] ?? ????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ?≪???????? ??? ??????≫ ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????. ^[12]

???? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????????? ? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? 1988 ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ?????????. ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????. ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????. ^[13]

?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? 1979? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ≪???? ??????≫. ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ≪???? ??????≫ ??? ??? 1991? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ^[14]

???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ≪??????? ?? ??????? ????????≫ ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????. ????? ??? ????????? ?????. ?? ??? 1997? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????. ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????. ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????. ?? ??? 2014? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????. ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? . ?? ??? 2007? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? 2008 - ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????. ????? ?????????? ????????????? ????? 5? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ≪??????? ????????≫.

?? ????? ???? ??? ???? .eu ?? ??? 2005 ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????????. ?????? ???? ????? ????.eu ??? ??? ??????? ???? ≪????? ?????????≫ . ??? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ????????.

??????? [ ??? ]

^ Gafijczuk? Dariusz (7 ?????? 2016). "Europe has never liked borders ? and it won't be confined by them now" . The Conversation . United Kingdom. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-11-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-10-04 .
^ Burckhardt, Jacob (1867). The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy [ Die Kultur der Renaissance in Italien ] (??????????). Switzerland. {{ ??????? ????? }}: ????? ?????????: ???? ???? ???? ( link )
^ ^? ^? Davies? Norman (1996). Europe: A history . Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. ?. 8 . ISBN : 9780198201717 .
^ Welsh? J. (1995). Edmund Burke and International Relations: The Commonwealth of Europe and the Crusade against the French Revolution . Springer. ?. 73. ISBN : 9780230374829 .
^ "Eine Wiederherstellung der europaischen Weltherrschaft ist unmoglich? wohl aber ist es noch moglich? durch Zusammenfassung der europaischen Staaten diesen Erdteil zu einer funften Weltmacht zusammenzuschliessen und so den Frieden? die Freiheit und den Wohlstand der Europaer zu retten." Coudenhove-Kalergi? Paneuropaisches Manifest (1923).
^ ≪??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????????≫? ≪?????? ?????????≫ ???? ????? ??? ???? ≪???? ??????≫ ?????? ≪???? ??????≫ ????? ??????????? ≪???????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????" (2014)? ?. 258 . ???? ?????? 14 ?????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ≪???? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ... ???? ?????? ????????? ? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ? ...≫ ?? ???? ???. ?????? ?????? ???????. [1] ???? ?????? 27 ???? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ^? ^? Dirk Jacobs and Robert Maier, European identity: construct, fact and fiction ???? ?????? 19 March 2009 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . in: A United Europe. The Quest for a Multifaceted Identity (1998) pp. 13-34. ^{[
???? ??????
]}
^ Pinteri?? Uro? (2005). "National and supranational identity in context of the European integration and globalization". Dru?tvena istra?ivanja . ?. 14 ?. 3: 401?402.
^ ????? ??????? ? ????? ??????? Koos ? ?????? ?????????: ????? ????????? (2014)
^ "Eurovision is something of a cultural rite in Europe." ???? ?????? 10 April 2006 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "We are no longer knocking at Europe’s door," declared the Estonian Prime Minister after his country’s victory in 2001. "We are walking through it singing... The Turks saw their win in 2003 as a harbinger of entry into the EU, and after the Orange Revolution in Ukraine, tonight’s competition is a powerful symbol of Viktor Yushchenko’s pro-European inclinations." Oj, oj, oj! It's Europe in harmony. The Times, 21 May 2005. ""This contest is a serious step for Ukraine towards the EU," Deputy Prime Minister Mykola Tomenko said at the official opening of the competition." BBC, Ukrainian hosts' high hopes for Eurovision [2] ???? ?????? 01 ????? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ European Film Awards - European Film Awards ???? ?????? 12 ????? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "While some fans of the European players in golf's Ryder Cup unfurl the flag of the European Union, many persist in waving their national flags despite the multinational composition of the European team." Alan Bairner, Sport, Nationalism, and Globalization: European and North American Perspectives (2001), p. 2. ???? ?????? 14 ?????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[1] Gafijczuk? Dariusz (7 ?????? 2016). "Europe has never liked borders ? and it won't be confined by them now" . The Conversation . United Kingdom. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-11-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-10-04 .

[2] Burckhardt, Jacob (1867). The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy [ Die Kultur der Renaissance in Italien ] (??????????). Switzerland. {{ ??????? ????? }}: ????? ?????????: ???? ???? ???? ( link )

[Davies-3] ? ^? Davies? Norman (1996). Europe: A history . Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. ?. 8 . ISBN : 9780198201717 .

[4] Welsh? J. (1995). Edmund Burke and International Relations: The Commonwealth of Europe and the Crusade against the French Revolution . Springer. ?. 73. ISBN : 9780230374829 .

[5] "Eine Wiederherstellung der europaischen Weltherrschaft ist unmoglich? wohl aber ist es noch moglich? durch Zusammenfassung der europaischen Staaten diesen Erdteil zu einer funften Weltmacht zusammenzuschliessen und so den Frieden? die Freiheit und den Wohlstand der Europaer zu retten." Coudenhove-Kalergi? Paneuropaisches Manifest (1923).

[6] ≪??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????????≫? ≪?????? ?????????≫ ???? ????? ??? ???? ≪???? ??????≫ ?????? ≪???? ??????≫ ????? ??????????? ≪???????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????" (2014)? ?. 258 . ???? ?????? 14 ?????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[7] ≪???? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ... ???? ?????? ????????? ? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ? ...≫ ?? ???? ???. ?????? ?????? ???????. [1] ???? ?????? 27 ???? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[Utrecht-8] ? ^? Dirk Jacobs and Robert Maier, European identity: construct, fact and fiction ???? ?????? 19 March 2009 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . in: A United Europe. The Quest for a Multifaceted Identity (1998) pp. 13-34. ^{[
???? ??????
]}

[9] Pinteri?? Uro? (2005). "National and supranational identity in context of the European integration and globalization". Dru?tvena istra?ivanja . ?. 14 ?. 3: 401?402.

[10] ????? ??????? ? ????? ??????? Koos ? ?????? ?????????: ????? ????????? (2014)

[11] "Eurovision is something of a cultural rite in Europe." ???? ?????? 10 April 2006 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[12] "We are no longer knocking at Europe’s door," declared the Estonian Prime Minister after his country’s victory in 2001. "We are walking through it singing... The Turks saw their win in 2003 as a harbinger of entry into the EU, and after the Orange Revolution in Ukraine, tonight’s competition is a powerful symbol of Viktor Yushchenko’s pro-European inclinations." Oj, oj, oj! It's Europe in harmony. The Times, 21 May 2005. ""This contest is a serious step for Ukraine towards the EU," Deputy Prime Minister Mykola Tomenko said at the official opening of the competition." BBC, Ukrainian hosts' high hopes for Eurovision [2] ???? ?????? 01 ????? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[13] European Film Awards - European Film Awards ???? ?????? 12 ????? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[14] "While some fans of the European players in golf's Ryder Cup unfurl the flag of the European Union, many persist in waving their national flags despite the multinational composition of the European team." Alan Bairner, Sport, Nationalism, and Globalization: European and North American Perspectives (2001), p. 2. ???? ?????? 14 ?????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

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[2]

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[14]

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