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???? ????? ???????? ??? 1949 ^[1] ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????. ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? .

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? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? .

??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? 1956 .

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????? ?????
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???? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? 1969 ? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? 1978 ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????.

???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ≪??? ???? ???????≫ ^[2] ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????.

????? ??? 2006 ????? ?????? ≪???? ??????? ????????: ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????≫ ^[3] ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????.

??? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????. ^[4]

??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????. ^[5] ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???????????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????.

?????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ≪??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? - ??? ????? - ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????≫. ^[6] ????? ≪??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????????≫ ^[4] ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ????????.

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????? [ ??? ]

^ Friedman, Lisa. "Ex-Muslim calls on her people to reject hatred" , Los Angeles Daily News , 5 ????? 2005. (reproduced) ???? ?????? 22 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? 09 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ [[Special:BookSources/1595230319|???? ???? ????? ???????" ( ??????????? : Now They Call Me Infidel: Why I Renounced Jihad for America, Israel, and the War on Terror" )?]] ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????.
^ ^? ^? ?????? ?????? " ???? ????? ???? ???????? :??? ?? ??? ??????? " ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? 3 ???? 2007 ???? ?????? 28 ?????? 2011 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? 23 ???? 2007 ?? ?????? "???? ????" ????? ?????? 25 ???? 2007 ^{[
???? ??????
]} ???? ?????? 31 ????? 2010 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ??? ?????? " ????? ???????-????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? " ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? 4 ???? 2007 ???? ?????? 04 ???? 2016 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

????? ???? [ ??? ]

????? ?????? " ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? " ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? 4 ????? 2007
?????? ?????? ????? ????? (???????????)
≪?? ????? ?? ???? ???≫ in FrontPageMag.com , 25 ???? 2004 (???????????)
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Interview
???? ?????? ???????? - ?????? ?? FrontPageMag.com
?? ????? - ?????? ?? ????? ?????? (???????????)

????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? 10 ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?????.

???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????:

???? ????? ??? ????? .
???? ????? ??? ??? ???? .

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ???? ?????

[dailynews-1] Friedman, Lisa. "Ex-Muslim calls on her people to reject hatred" , Los Angeles Daily News , 5 ????? 2005. (reproduced) ???? ?????? 22 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[2] ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? 09 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[3] [[Special:BookSources/1595230319|???? ???? ????? ???????" ( ??????????? : Now They Call Me Infidel: Why I Renounced Jihad for America, Israel, and the War on Terror" )?]] ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????.

[palissue-4] ? ^? ?????? ?????? " ???? ????? ???? ???????? :??? ?? ??? ??????? " ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? 3 ???? 2007 ???? ?????? 28 ?????? 2011 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[AlAabeyaInterview-5] ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? 23 ???? 2007 ?? ?????? "???? ????" ????? ?????? 25 ???? 2007 ^{[
???? ??????
]} ???? ?????? 31 ????? 2010 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[AlArabeyaNews-6] ??? ?????? " ????? ???????-????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? " ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? 4 ???? 2007 ???? ?????? 04 ???? 2016 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

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