??
????????
:
?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????
?? ??
???? ???????
????
????????
??? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????????. ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? (
???? ???????
complexity science
) ??? ?????? ???????? ???????. ????? ??????? ??????? ????
??? ?????
ant-hill?
?????
??? ??????
?????
?
????????
?
?????? ??????
?
??????? ?????
????? ???????? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ??
???? ?????????
??????? ???
????? ??????
. ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ??
??????? ????????
??????
????????
.?? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????.
??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????
?????
?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????. ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????. ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????. ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???????
?????
??? ???????
??????
.
?????
[
???
]
???? ?????? ??????
??
??????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????. ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????.
????????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??
???????? ?????????
?
????? ?????????
????????????? ??? ??????
? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????
?????
. ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ≪??? ??????≫ ??
????? ?????????
???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????. ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??
?????????????? (????)
.
??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??
??? ???????
?
??? ???????
?
[1]
????????
?
????????
?
??????
,
[2]
??????? ?? ???????? ??????. ????? ????
????? ????? ???????
?
??? ???????
?
????? ????? ???????
?
?????? ?? ???????
?
?????? ??? ???????
?
???????? ?????????
. ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????????.
??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???
???????
?????????
. ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????. ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????????
???? ???????
?????? ??????
?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????.?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?
??????? ???????
?? ???? ?? ??? ????.
??????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????.
???? ????
[
???
]
???????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????.
[3]
??????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ???
??? ???????
?
?????? ?????????
?
???? ????????
?
??????
?
????????? ??????
?
????????
?
???????? ???????
?
?????
???????
??????? ??????
?
?????????? ????????
?
??? ???????
?
????????
?
??? ?????
???? ????????
?? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???
??????? ???????
(???? ?? ???? ???? ?????)? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????. ????????? ??????? (?????
?????? ??????
) ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????.
??? ?????? ????????? ??
????? ??? ??????
???? ??? ?????? ??
????? ?????
???????: ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? / ?????????? / ?????????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????.
????? ?????????
????? ????? ???
??????? ???????? ???????
CAS? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????.
???????
[
???
]
??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ??
????
? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????.
???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??
??????? ??????????
? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???
??????? ????????? ????????
? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? (??
?????
) ???? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????.
[4]
[5]
????? ???? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?? ????? 19 ??? ????? 20 ?? ??? ???? ??
????? ?????? ?????????
? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????
??????? ???????
? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ??
???????? ???????
???????. ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????
??????? ???????
.
?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????
???? ????
?????? ????
??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????????
??????? ????
??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????,
[6]
??? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???
??? ?????
,
[7]
??? ???????
???? ?????? ?????
.
??????? ???????
???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????????.
?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????
[
???
]
?????? ????? ???????
[
???
]
??? ?? ????????
????????????
????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???
????? ?????? ??????????.
?????? ????????? ???
FCS
????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???. ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????.
[8]
????????? ???????
[
???
]
??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??
???????? ?????
??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????. ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????
???? ???????
?? ??? 1989 ?????
?????????? ??????? ??????????
(ECI)? ???? ???? ????????? ??
???????
??????? ??????
?????????? ??
???? ?????????? ???????
????? ???????. ??????? ??? ECI? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??
???? ????????? ??????????
???
?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? 2020
.
??????? ????????
[
???
]
????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????
???????
. ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????????.
[9]
??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????.
[10]
??????? ?????? ??????
[
???
]
??? ???? ????? ??????? ??
????? ??????
? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ???????
???? ?????????
. ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????. Hayles
[11]
???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????. ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????.
????? ????????
????
[12]
??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? (???? ????
[13]
).
???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????.
[14]
????? ??? ?? ??? ?? '
???? ??????
.
[15]
??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? . ???? ??? ?? ??? ???????,
[16]
????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??????. ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????.
[14]
?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????.
[17]
??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???????. ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? '??????' .
[
????? ??????
]
.?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????????
????? ??? ???
???? ≪????? ??????? ???????.≫
[18]
????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????. ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????????. ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????????.
???? ?????
[
???
]
?????
[
???
]
- ^
Chapouthier, G
, Mosaic structures ? a working hypothesis for the complexity of living organisms, E-Logos (Electronic Journal for Philosophy), 2009, 17,
http://nb.vse.cz/kfil/elogos/biocosmology/chapouthier09.pdf
???? ??????
2013-11-05 ??
Wayback Machine
- ^
J. M. Zayed, N. Nouvel, U. Rauwald, O. A. Scherman, Chemical Complexity ? supramolecular self-assembly of synthetic and biological building blocks in water, Chemical Society Reviews, 2010, 39, 2806?2816
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2010/CS/b922348g
???? ??????
2021-01-30 ??
Wayback Machine
- ^
http://www.narberthpa.com/Bale/lsbale_dop/cybernet.htm
Bale, L.S. 1995,
Gregory Bateson, Cybernetics and the Social/Behavioral Sciences
???? ??????
2020-11-27 ??
Wayback Machine
- ^
Ferguson? Adam
(1767).
An Essay on the History of Civil Society
. London: T. Cadell. art Third, Section II, p. 205. ????? ??
?????
?? 2012-08-19.
- ^
Friedrich Hayek,
The Results of Human Action but Not of Human Design
, in
New Studies in Philosophy, Politics, Economics
, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, (1978), pp. 96?105.
- ^
Bruce J. Caldwell, Popper and Hayek:
Who influenced whom?
, Karl Popper 2002 Centenary Congress, 2002.
???? ??????
2016-06-30 ??
Wayback Machine
[
???? ??????
]
- ^
??????? ??? ?????
??????? ?????: ??????? ?? ??? ???????
??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? 1952.
- ^
CSIS paper: "Organizing for a Complex World: The Way Ahead
???? ??????
2016-03-03 ??
Wayback Machine
- ^
Reason Magazine - The Road from Serfdom
???? ??????
2009-09-19 ??
Wayback Machine
- ^
Friedrich August von Hayek - Prize Lecture
???? ??????
2013-06-01 ??
Wayback Machine
- ^
? NK (1991).
?????? ????: ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???????
. ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????.
- ^
????????? I. (1997).
?????
??????? ???????? ?????? ???????.
- ^
D. Carfi (2008).
"Superpositions in Prigogine approach to irreversibility"
.
AAPP - Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences
. ?. 86 ?. 1: 1?13. ????? ??
?????
?? 2018-10-04.
- ^
?
?
?. ????????
(1998).
??????? ??? ??? ???????: ??? ??????? ???????
? ???????? ????.
- ^
??? ???
(1996).
??? ???? ???????: ??? ??????? ??????
???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ???????.
- ^
???????. ?? (2000).
?????? ??????? ?????? ????????
? E. ?????? ???????????? ?????????.
- ^
???????? M. (2000).
?????? ??????: ????? ???? ?????
???????? ??????? ???????? ???????.
- ^
??????? ??. (1995). ?? ?? ???????? ????? 1/1? 16-19
|
---|
?????
???????
| |
---|
????????
| |
---|
????
???????
| |
---|
???????
| |
---|
?????????
| |
---|
????????
| |
---|