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??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ????????.

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???? ????? ≪?????≫ ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ≪?????≫ ???? ???? ≪???? ?????≫. ^[1] ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ^[??????????] ????????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???.

???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????. ???? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? (?? 365 ???? ????? ??????? ) ????? ???????? ???? ???? (?????? ?????? ?? ????) ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????. ^[2]

????? ????? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? (????? 150?210?) ????? "?????" ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???????. ?? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????. ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ???????? ^[3] ?? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????.

?? ????????? ????? ??????? ?. ?180 ? ???? ????? ??????:

≪??????? ???????? ??? ????? ???. ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????. ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???. ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????. ^[4]≫

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????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? (???????) ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ? ?????. ^[5] ????????????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???.

??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ? ???? ?? ??? ????? 17 ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????. ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? "????????" ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? "?????". ^[6]

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??????? [ ??? ]

^ Francis E. Peters Greek Philosophical Terms: A Historical Lexicon 1970 p. 42.
^ Louis P. Pojman, "Valentinus," in The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy , 3rd ed., ed. Robert Audi.
^ Louis P. Pojman, "gnosticism," in The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy , 3rd ed., ed. Robert Audi.
^ "The Apocryphon of John - Frederik Wisse - the Nag Hammadi Library" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-07-15.
^ Diogenes Laertius , Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers. .
^ Mead, G.R.S. 1900. "Epiphanes , Fragments of a Faith Forgotten , pp. 232?235 , available online by The Gnostic Society Library. ???? ?????? 2023-08-28 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

????? ?????

[1] Francis E. Peters Greek Philosophical Terms: A Historical Lexicon 1970 p. 42.

[2] Louis P. Pojman, "Valentinus," in The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy , 3rd ed., ed. Robert Audi.

[3] Louis P. Pojman, "gnosticism," in The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy , 3rd ed., ed. Robert Audi.

[4] "The Apocryphon of John - Frederik Wisse - the Nag Hammadi Library" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-07-15.

[5] Diogenes Laertius , Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers. .

[6] Mead, G.R.S. 1900. "Epiphanes , Fragments of a Faith Forgotten , pp. 232?235 , available online by The Gnostic Society Library. ???? ?????? 2023-08-28 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

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