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??????? ?? ??????? ( ???????? : 高句麗 | ???????? : 高句麗? 高句驪) ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] ???? ??? 37 ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? 668 . ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? . ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ( ????? ????? ) ???????? ( ???? ?????? ).

???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? 37 ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????.

??????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? 668 . ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? .

???? ????? ????? ( 918 ??? 1392 ) ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? .

??? ??????? [ ??? ]

??????? ( ???????? : 高句麗? ???????? : 高句麗) ??? ????? ??????? ????? "?????? ???????". ^[5] ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ( ???????? ??????? : 句麗) ^[5] ?? ?? ????? ??????? ^[6]^[7] ??????? ???? ?? 忽 ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? . ^[8]^[9]^[10] ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ( ???????? : 高麗? ???????? : 高麗) ???? ?????? ???? "???? ?????".

??????? [ ??? ]

????? ??????? (37 ??? ???????) [ ??? ]

????? ????? ????? ???? ( ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ( ??????? ??????? ?????? ) ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ^[11] ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??? 37 ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? . ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???????. ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? (高句麗) ???? ?? ??? 113 ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????. ^[12] ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? (945) ?? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? 900 ??? ?????.

????? ??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? . ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? 朱蒙 ?? 朱蒙 ????????? (鄒牟 | ???? | 追慕) ?? (仲牟 | ????? | 中모).

???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????. ^[13] ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? . ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????. ^[14] ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? (우발수 | 優渤水) ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????.

??????? ??????? ?????? (????? ????? ?????) [ ??? ]

????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ? ?????? ??????. ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 53? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ?????. ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ????????. ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????????. ^[15]

??? ??????? ?? ???? (??? 244) [ ??? ]

?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????????. ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? 220 . ?? ??? 238 ???? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? .

??????? ????? ??????? (300 ??? 390) [ ??? ]

?? 70 ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 313? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????. ^[16] ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? 400 ???. ^[17]^[18] ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? .

????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? . ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? . ^[17] ??? ???? 342? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? 50,000 ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????. ^[19] ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????. ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? 346? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????. ^[17] ??? ??? 371? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????. ^[20]

??? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????. ^[21] ????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? 372? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ( ???????? : 태학). ^[22] ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????????. ^[21]^[23] ??? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????. ??? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 385 ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 386. ^[24]

??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? . ^[25]

????? ?????? ???? ??????? (391 ??? 531) [ ??? ]

?????? ??????? (531 ??? 551) [ ??? ]

?????? ????? ?????? ??????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????. ??? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? (????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???????).

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????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ??????. ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???????. ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ????? . ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???.

?????? ???? ???? ????? 675 ??? ??? ???? ?????? 176 ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????. ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??????. ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? (國內城) ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? 11 ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????.

??????? [ ??? ]

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????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????. ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????.

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????.

?????????? ???????? [ ??? ]

??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????. ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????.

?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????. ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????. ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????. ?? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????.

??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????. ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????.

????? [ ??? ]

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????????? . ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????. ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????.

????? ?????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? 2004 .

????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? (918 ~ 1392) ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??? 520 ?? ??????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????????. ^[26]^[27]

????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????. ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????. [1] ??? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? . ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ( ???? ). ^[28]^[29]^[30]

?????? ??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? [ ??? ]

????? ????? .

????? [ ??? ]

^ ??????? ? ?????? ?????????. ???? ?????? 2020-04-08 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ????? ??? ??? (1999) ???? ?? ????? ????? (韓國史通論) ?????? ???????? ????: 89-445-9101-6.
^ ?????? ????? ???? ?????? 2020-04-08 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ???? ????? ??????? ? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????. ???? ?????? 2017-07-03 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ^? ^? "高句麗(高句麗)" . encykorea.aks.ac.kr (????????). Archived from the original on 2023-05-22 . Retrieved 2023-06-25 .
^ ' 古代高句麗의 單語 Retrieved 24 January 2023.]'
^ "高句麗" , Wiktionary (???????????), 24 Jun 2023, Archived from the original on 2023-06-25 , Retrieved 2023-06-25
^ "高句麗(高句麗) ? 한국민족문화대백과사전" . encykorea.aks.ac.kr . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-04 . ???? ???? ?????? 2023-02-04 .
^ Vovin, Alexander (2013), “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in ^[1] (PDF), vol. 15, iss. 2, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pp. 222?240
^ Lim, Byung-joon (1999) (A) Study on the borrowed writings of the dialect of Koguryo Dynasty in Ancient Korean (MA), Konkuk University ????:ISBN?
^ ???? ??. ???????? "????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????" 2003? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???? 234.
^ ???????? ??. ??????? "???????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????"? 2004 ?????? ???? ???????????? ???? 3.
^ ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??. ??? "????? ??????? ??????"? ???? 24 ?25.
^ ?????? "??????? ??????? ??????"? ????? ????? ?????? ???? 45.
^ ???? ??. ??????? "????? ?????? ?? ?????"? ?????? ???? 2001? ???? 22.
^ 'Ki-Baik Lee', "A New History of Korea", 1984 Harvard University Press, page 20
^ ^? ^? ^? Tennant, Charles Roger (1996). [[[:????:GBurl]] A History of Korea ] (???????????). Routledge. p. 22. ISBN : 978-0710305329 . Retrieved 2016-10-10 . Soon after, the Wei fell to the Jin and Kogury? grew stronger, until in 313 they finally succeeded in occupying Lelang and bringing to an end the 400 years of China's presence in the peninsula, a period sufficient to ensure that for the next 1,500 it would remain firmly within the sphere of its culture. After the fall of the Jin in 316, the proto-Mongol Xianbei occupied the North of China, of which the Murong clan took the Shandong area, moved up to the Liao, and in 341 sacked and burned the Kogury? capital at Hwando. They took away some thousands of prisoners to provide cheap labour to build more walls of their own, and in 346 went on to wreak even greater destruction on Puy?, hastening what seems to have been a continuing migration of its people into the north-eastern area of the peninsula, but Kogury?, though temporarily weakened, would soon rebuild its walls and continue to expand. {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( help )
^ Chinul (1991). Buswell? Robert E. (??????). [[[:????:GBurl]] Tracing Back the Radiance: Chinul's Korean Way of Zen ]. Translated by Robert E. Buswell (?. abridged). University of Hawaii Press. ?. 3. ISBN : 978-0824814274 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-04-22 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? )
^ Chinul (1991). Buswell? Robert E. (??????). [[[:????:GBurl]] Tracing Back the Radiance: Chinul's Korean Way of Zen ]. Translated by Robert E. Buswell (?. abridged). University of Hawaii Press. ?. 4. ISBN : 978-0824814274 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-04-22 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? )
^ Encyclopedia of World History , Vol I, p. 464 Three Kingdoms, Korea, Edited by Marsha E. Ackermann, Michael J. Schroeder, Janice J. Terry, Jiu-Hwa Lo Upshur, Mark F. Whitters, ( ???? 978-0-8160-6386-4 ).
^ ^? ^? Kim, Jinwung (2012). [[[:????:GBurl]] A History of Korea: From "Land of the Morning Calm" to States in Conflict ] (???????????). Indiana University Press. p. 34. ISBN : 978-0253000781 . Retrieved 2016-10-10 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( help )
^ Yi, Ki-baek (1984). [[[:????:GBurl]] A New History of Korea ] (???????????). Harvard University Press. pp. 38?40. ISBN : 978-0674615762 . Retrieved 2016-10-11 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( help )
^ 'William E. Henthorn', "A History of Korea", 1971 Macmillan Publishing Co., p. 34
^ "國壤王" . KOCCA . Korea Creative Content Agency. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-09-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2016-10-11 .
^ Tennant, Charles Roger (1996). [[[:????:GBurl]] A History of Korea ] (???????????). Routledge. pp. 21?22. ISBN : 978-0710305329 . Retrieved 2016-10-10 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( help )
^ 高句麗’와 ‘高麗’는 같은 나라였다 . ???? ?????? 2017-06-22 ?? Wayback Machine ^{[
???? ??????
]}
^ 高句麗란 이름 . ???? ?????? 2012-04-26 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ? ?????? 85? ?? ????? ??????? .
^ ?? ??? ???? ?? ? ?????? 100? ?? ??????? 88? ?? ???? .
^ ?? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ?????? 94? ?? ??????? 82, ?? ???? .

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ????? ???????

[1] ??????? ? ?????? ?????????. ???? ?????? 2020-04-08 ?? Wayback Machine

[2] ????? ??? ??? (1999) ???? ?? ????? ????? (韓國史通論) ?????? ???????? ????: 89-445-9101-6.

[أ-3] ?????? ????? ???? ?????? 2020-04-08 ?? Wayback Machine

[4] ???? ????? ??????? ? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????. ???? ?????? 2017-07-03 ?? Wayback Machine

[:0-5] ? ^? "高句麗(高句麗)" . encykorea.aks.ac.kr (????????). Archived from the original on 2023-05-22 . Retrieved 2023-06-25 .

[6] ' 古代高句麗의 單語 Retrieved 24 January 2023.]'

[7] "高句麗" , Wiktionary (???????????), 24 Jun 2023, Archived from the original on 2023-06-25 , Retrieved 2023-06-25

[8] "高句麗(高句麗) ? 한국민족문화대백과사전" . encykorea.aks.ac.kr . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-04 . ???? ???? ?????? 2023-02-04 .

[9] Vovin, Alexander (2013), “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in ^[1] (PDF), vol. 15, iss. 2, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pp. 222?240

[:1-10] Lim, Byung-joon (1999) (A) Study on the borrowed writings of the dialect of Koguryo Dynasty in Ancient Korean (MA), Konkuk University ????:ISBN?

[11] ???? ??. ???????? "????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????" 2003? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???? 234.

[12] ???????? ??. ??????? "???????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????"? 2004 ?????? ???? ???????????? ???? 3.

[13] ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??. ??? "????? ??????? ??????"? ???? 24 ?25.

[14] ?????? "??????? ??????? ??????"? ????? ????? ?????? ???? 45.

[15] ???? ??. ??????? "????? ?????? ?? ?????"? ?????? ???? 2001? ???? 22.

[16] 'Ki-Baik Lee', "A New History of Korea", 1984 Harvard University Press, page 20

[Tennant-17] ? ^? ^? Tennant, Charles Roger (1996). [[[:????:GBurl]] A History of Korea ] (???????????). Routledge. p. 22. ISBN : 978-0710305329 . Retrieved 2016-10-10 . Soon after, the Wei fell to the Jin and Kogury? grew stronger, until in 313 they finally succeeded in occupying Lelang and bringing to an end the 400 years of China's presence in the peninsula, a period sufficient to ensure that for the next 1,500 it would remain firmly within the sphere of its culture. After the fall of the Jin in 316, the proto-Mongol Xianbei occupied the North of China, of which the Murong clan took the Shandong area, moved up to the Liao, and in 341 sacked and burned the Kogury? capital at Hwando. They took away some thousands of prisoners to provide cheap labour to build more walls of their own, and in 346 went on to wreak even greater destruction on Puy?, hastening what seems to have been a continuing migration of its people into the north-eastern area of the peninsula, but Kogury?, though temporarily weakened, would soon rebuild its walls and continue to expand. {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( help )

[18] Chinul (1991). Buswell? Robert E. (??????). [[[:????:GBurl]] Tracing Back the Radiance: Chinul's Korean Way of Zen ]. Translated by Robert E. Buswell (?. abridged). University of Hawaii Press. ?. 3. ISBN : 978-0824814274 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-04-22 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? )

[19] Chinul (1991). Buswell? Robert E. (??????). [[[:????:GBurl]] Tracing Back the Radiance: Chinul's Korean Way of Zen ]. Translated by Robert E. Buswell (?. abridged). University of Hawaii Press. ?. 4. ISBN : 978-0824814274 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-04-22 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? )

[World_History_P464-20] Encyclopedia of World History , Vol I, p. 464 Three Kingdoms, Korea, Edited by Marsha E. Ackermann, Michael J. Schroeder, Janice J. Terry, Jiu-Hwa Lo Upshur, Mark F. Whitters, ( ???? 978-0-8160-6386-4 ).

[Sosurim-21] ? ^? Kim, Jinwung (2012). [[[:????:GBurl]] A History of Korea: From "Land of the Morning Calm" to States in Conflict ] (???????????). Indiana University Press. p. 34. ISBN : 978-0253000781 . Retrieved 2016-10-10 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( help )

[Lee-22] Yi, Ki-baek (1984). [[[:????:GBurl]] A New History of Korea ] (???????????). Harvard University Press. pp. 38?40. ISBN : 978-0674615762 . Retrieved 2016-10-11 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( help )

[William_E._Henthorn'_page_34-23] 'William E. Henthorn', "A History of Korea", 1971 Macmillan Publishing Co., p. 34

[24] "國壤王" . KOCCA . Korea Creative Content Agency. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-09-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2016-10-11 .

[Tennant21-25] Tennant, Charles Roger (1996). [[[:????:GBurl]] A History of Korea ] (???????????). Routledge. pp. 21?22. ISBN : 978-0710305329 . Retrieved 2016-10-10 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ???? |????= ( help )

[26] 高句麗’와 ‘高麗’는 같은 나라였다 . ???? ?????? 2017-06-22 ?? Wayback Machine ^{[
???? ??????
]}

[27] 高句麗란 이름 . ???? ?????? 2012-04-26 ?? Wayback Machine

[28] ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ? ?????? 85? ?? ????? ??????? .

[29] ?? ??? ???? ?? ? ?????? 100? ?? ??????? 88? ?? ???? .

[30] ?? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ?????? 94? ?? ??????? 82, ?? ???? .

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