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???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? (??? ?? ????) ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ( ??? ? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ) ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ??? (??? ?????? (????) ?? ??? ?????) ? ? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?? 20 ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? 13 ??? ????? 33 ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???.
???? ??? ????? ?? ??? 633 ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? 522 ??????.
???? ?????
[
???
]
???????
[
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]
- ^
John Philby Arabian Highlands (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press) 1952 p.228
- ^
Procopius, The Secret History, translated by G. A. Williamson. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1966 p.180
- ^
Arabia Before Mohammed p.80
- ^
F. Stark, The Southern Gates of Arabia (London, 1936), p205
- ^
Beeston ,A.F.L : Himyarite Monotheism 1984 ,P.152
- ^
Le Museon.Revue d'Etudes Orientales (1964) 3-4 p.498
- ^
Le museon,Societe internationale des lettres et des sciences? Universite Catholique de Louvain Institut Orientaliste, Societe des lettres et des sciences (Louvain? Belgium) 1964 3-4 p.448
- ^
???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? 1 ? 72
- ^
??????? ???????
?
??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????
? 2 ? 73
- ^
???? ????
?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????
? 2 ? 512
- ^
???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? 1 ? 73
- ^
Le museon,Societe internationale des lettres et des sciences? Universite Catholique de Louvain Institut Orientaliste, Societe des lettres et des sciences (Louvain? Belgium) 1964 3-4 p.444
- ^
???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? 1 ?85
- ^
??? ????
????? ????? ?????
? 406
- ^
????? ?? ????? ? 2 ? 16 ????????
- ^
Encyclopedia Britannica, Vol. 2:176
- ^
Alfred Guillaume ,
Islam
Penguin Books, 1956 p.26 -62
- ^
???? ?????? ??? ?????
??????? ????????
? ? 26 ? 309
- ^
???? ????
?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????
? 2 ? 363
- ^
??? ??????
?
???????? ???????
?3 ? 282
- ^
???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ? 53
- ^
???? ????
????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????
? 1 ?124
- ^
New Arabian Studies Volume 2 Edited by R.L. Bidwell, G. Rex Smith and J.R. Smart p.23
- ^
Sabaean Insciptions from Mahram Bilqis (Marib). Professor Albert Rev Jamme p.440
- ^
???? ????
?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????
? 1 ? 129
- ^
Sabatino Moscati? Ancient Semitic civilizations Putnam, 1960 Ch.2 pg.12-42
- ^
Jabal al-'Awd - A fruhhimyarische mountain settlement (1st century BC - 3rd century AD) in sudjemenitischen Highlands
???? ??????
2014-08-19 ??
Wayback Machine
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Along the aroma and spice routes
The harbour of Sumhuram, its territory and the trade between the Mediterranean, Arabia and India
Alessandra Avanzini (ed.), 2011
MB VISION; BANDECCHI E VIVALDI
127 pp.? 20 euros
- ^
???? ????
?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????
? 2 ? 519
- ^
???? ??? ?????? ?2 ? 519
- ^
Le Museon: Revue d’Etudes Orientales 1964 3-4 p.477
- ^
Le Museon: Revue d’Etudes Orientales 1964 3-4 p.451
- ^
Le Museon: Revue d’Etudes Orientales 1964 3-4 p.465
- ^
?
?
Le Museon: Revue d’Etudes Orientales 1964 3-4 p.456
- ^
wona Gajda: Le royaume de Himyar a l'epoque monotheiste. L'histoire de l'Arabie ancienne de la fin du siecle de l'ive ere chretienne jusqu'a l'avenement de l'Islam. Paris 2009 p.189
- ^
???????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?19
- ^
Hartwig Derenboug, Les Monuments Sabeens Et Himyartes D'musee D'archeologie De Marseille, In Revue Archeologique, 3, Vol.? Xxxv, "1899", P.25
- ^
Albert Jamme,
Inscription from Mahram Bilqis
p.169
- ^
Albert Jamme,
Inscription from Mahram Bilqis
p.155
- ^
Albert Jamme,
Inscription from Mahram Bilqis
p.159
- ^
Le Museon, 1964, 3-4, Pp.456
- ^
J. Pirenne, Le royaume sud-arabe de Qataban et sa datation, Vol 5 pp. 301
- ^
?
?
?
?
Le Museon, 1964, 3-4, P.487
- ^
Le Museon, 1964, 3-4, P.508
- ^
Mahram Bilqis, P.372
- ^
Mahram Biqlis p.163
- ^
Mahram Bilqis p.164
- ^
Ibid p.165
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Le Museon, 1964, 3-4, P.520
- ^
Le Museon, 1964, 3-4, P.598
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Le Museon, 1964, 3-4, P.592
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John Philby Background of Islam, P.143
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Philpy, In The Geographical Journal, Vol.? Cxvi, No. 4-6, "1950", P.214
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Inscription from Mahram Bilqis p.398
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John Philby, Background of Islam p.118
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A. Jamme, La Dynastie De Sharahbi'll Yakuf Et La Documentation Epigraphique Sud-Arabe, Istanbul, 1961, P.4
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Jamme, La Dynastie, Pp.8
- ^
Le Museon, 1961, 1-2, P.174
- ^
Background Of Islam, P.143
- ^
The Geographical Journal, Vol.? Cxvi, Nos: 4-6, 1950, P.214
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Le Museon, 3-4, 1953, P.296
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Vincent J O'Malley, C.M. (2001). Saints of Africa. Huntington, IN: Our Sunday Visitor Publishing. pp. p.142.
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Angelika Neuwirth; Nicolai Sinai; Michael Marx
The Qur??n in context : historical and literary investigations into the Qur??nic milieu
p.49
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The Oxford Handbook of Late Antiquity edited by Scott Fitzgerald Johnson
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Scott Fitzgerald Johnson
The Oxford Handbook of Late Antiquity
p.285
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