한국   대만   중국   일본 
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??????? 19-16 ??????? 1805
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48°23′00″N 9°59′00″E  /  48.383333333333°N 9.9833333333333°E  / 48.383333333333; 9.9833333333333   تعديل قيمة خاصية (P625) في ويكي بيانات
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الإمبراطورية الفرنسية الأولى ???????????? ???????? الإمبراطورية النمساوية ???????????? ?????????
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الإمبراطورية الفرنسية الأولى ??????? ???????
الإمبراطورية الفرنسية الأولى ????? ???
الإمبراطورية النمساوية ???? ??? ???   (?.?)
الإمبراطورية النمساوية ????? ????? ?????
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80,000 [1] [2] 40,000 [1] [3] [4]
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1,500 ????? ????? ? ????? [5] [6] [7] 4,000 ????? ????? ? ?????
27,000 ???? [5] [6] [7]
خريطة


???????? ????? ( ????????? : Bataille d'Ulm)? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? 19-16 ??? ???? ??????? 1805 ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????????? . [8] [9]

????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? 1805? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? . [10] [8] ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? 72000 ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? . [11] ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ? ???? ??????? ? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????. [12] [3] [4]

???? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? . ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ?????. [13] ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ≪?????? ?????≫. [14] [15]

??????? [ ??? ]

????? ???? .

??? ??? ??????? 177000 ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? . [16] [17] ????? ?????? ?? 27 ????? ?????? 24 ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????????? . ??? ???? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ??? ??????. [18] ?? 7 ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? . ????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? . [17] ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? . [19]

?? 8 ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???????? . ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????. ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????????. [17] ???? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????. ??? ???????? ??? ???? ? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????-?????? ?? 11 ??????. [18] [20]

????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? . ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? . ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? . ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? . ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? . ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? . ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? . [21]

???????? [ ??? ]

??????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????.

?? 14 ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????????. ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? . ?? 18 ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????. ??? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? 1200 ?? ???? ????????. [22] ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? 4600 ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????. ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????. ????? 16 ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? 25000 ??? ? 18 ??????? ? 65 ????? ? 40 ??????? . [23] [22]

???? ??? 20 ?????? ???? ?? ??? 10 ????? ????? ???????. [6] ???? ????? 500 ????? ????? 1000? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????. [22] [24] ?? ??? ?? 15 ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? 60 ??? ?????? ? 30 ???????. ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ≪??????? ??? ??????≫. [25] [26] [5] [6] ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????. [27]

?? ????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????????.

??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????. ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ? ???? ????. ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????.

?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? 21 ?????? 1805 ??? ??????? : ≪???? ?????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????... ?? 15 ????? ???? ???????≫. [28] [7]

?? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ???. [7] [27] [21]

??? ????? ????????? ? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? [9] [29] [30] ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? . [31] ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ≪?????? ????? ??????? ???????≫ ???? ?? ?????? ≪??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????. ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????≫. [32]

???????? [ ??? ]

  1. ^ ? ? Fisher & Fremont-Barnes 2004 ? ???? 41.
  2. ^ Maude 1912 ? ????? 43?73? Chapter II. The French Army .
  3. ^ ? ? Maude 1912 ? ????? 1?43? Chapter I. The Austrian Army .
  4. ^ ? ? Fisher & Fremont-Barnes 2004 ? ???? 32.
  5. ^ ? ? ? Nafziger 2002 ? ???? 282? Ulm, Capitulation of. (-U-) .
  6. ^ ? ? ? ? Chandler 2009 ? ???? 399? 35. Strategic Triumph-Ulm (Part Seven. From the Rhine to the Danube) .
  7. ^ ? ? ? ? Maude 1912 ? ????? 252?264? Chapter IX. Conclusion .
  8. ^ ? ? Connelly 2012 ? ????? 118?141? 9. Subduing the European powers: Austerlitz ? Jena-Auerstadt ? Friedland, 1805?07 .
  9. ^ ? ? Allsbrook? John T. Turin? Dustin (??????). "Napoleon Bonaparte's Peak of Military Success: Ulm and Austerlitz" . Inquiries Journal . ????? ? ?????????? , United States: Inquiries Journal/Student Pulse LLC/ ????? ???? ?????? . ?. 4 ?. 9: 1?2. ISSN : 2153-5760 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-10-06.
  10. ^ Connelly 2012 ? ????? 107?117? 8. Marengo and the Grand Armee, 1800?1805 .
  11. ^ Ralby? Aaron? ?????? (Illustration by Andy Crisp) (2013). "6. Europe (The Napoleonic Period 1799?1815)" . ?? Hamilton? Jill? Moore? Damien? Baile? Philippa? Youel? Duncan? Cardon? Nanette (????????). Atlas of world military history: From antiquity to the present day . ??? ? ??????? : Parragon/Moseley Road Inc. ?. 274?278. ISBN : 978-1-4723-1236-5 – ??? ????? ???????? .
  12. ^ Chandler 2009 ? ???? 382? 34. Plans and Preparations (Part Seven. From the Rhine to the Danube) .
  13. ^ Schneid 2012 ? ????? 35?50? 3. The Campaigns .
  14. ^ http://dcjack.org/kagan%20on%20ulm.html ???? ?????? 2021-10-07 ?? Wayback Machine
  15. ^ Fisher & Fremont-Barnes 2004 ? ???? 31.
  16. ^ Mikaberidze 2020 ? ????? 173?187? Chapter 9. The Elephant Against the Whale: France and Britain at War, 1803?1804 .
  17. ^ ? ? ? Chandler 2009 ? ????? 382?389? 34. Plans and Preparations (Part Seven. From the Rhine to the Danube) .
  18. ^ ? ? Chandler 2009 ? ????? 390?401? 35. Strategic Triumph-Ulm (Part Seven. From the Rhine to the Danube) .
  19. ^ Chandler 2009 ? ???? 186? 16. Grand Tactics on the Battlefield (Part Three. Napoleon's Art of War) .
  20. ^ Mikaberidze 2020 ? ????? 188?227? Chapter 10. The Emperor's Conquest, 1805?1807 .
  21. ^ ? ? Forster Groom & Co. Ltd. (1912). "Map of Central Europe showing the routes taken by Napoleon to defeat the allied Russo-Austrian army at the Battle of Ulm on 16?19 October 1805 and the Battle of Austerlitz in December 1805" (Military map). ??? ?? London. Sketch Map illustrating Napoleon's Campaign in 1805 (Ulm & Austerlitz) . 1:1,600,000. Whitehall Campaign Series. ??? ??????? ?? Forster Groom & Co. Ltd. ?????? , Australia: Forster Groom & Co. Ltd. ?. 11. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-10-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-10-06 – ??? ??????     [???? ????] ‏ ( ??????? ??????? ?????????? ).
  22. ^ ? ? ? Chandler 2009 ? ???? 400? 35. Strategic Triumph-Ulm (Part Seven. From the Rhine to the Danube) .
  23. ^ Gerges? Mark T. (26 ?????? 2020) [2016]. "Chapter 5 ? 1805: Ulm and Austerlitz" . ?? Leggiere? Michael V.? DeVries? Kelly? France? John? Neiberg? Michael S.? Schneid? Frederick (????????). Napoleon and the Operational Art of War: Essays in Honor of Donald D. Horward . History of Warfare (?. 1st). ????? ? ???? ?????? ? ?????? : ??? ???? ????? . ?. 110. ?. 221?248. DOI : 10.1163/9789004310032_007 . ISBN : 978-90-04-43441-7 . LCCN : 2015042278 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-10-24.
  24. ^ Horne 2012 ? ???? 105? 7. Ulm: 2 September?21 October (Part Two: Austerlitz) .
  25. ^ Blond, G. La Grande Armee . Castle Books, 1979. p. 59.
  26. ^ Haythornthwaite 1995 ? ???? 68.
  27. ^ ? ? Horne 2012 ? ????? 116?128? 8. On to Vienna and Austerlitz: 21 October?28 November (Part Two: Austerlitz) .
  28. ^ Chandler 2009 ? ???? 402? 36. The Warriors of Holy Russia (Part Seven. From the Rhine to the Danube) .
  29. ^ Macgregor? Douglas A. (1 ?????? 1992). Matthews? Lloyd J.? Todd? Gregory N.? Stouffer? Phyllis M.? Brown? John E.? Stone? Michael P.W.? Stofft? William A. (????????). "Future Battle: The Merging Levels of War" (PDF) . ?????? ??????? ????????? . Parameters: Journal of the US Army War College . Carlisle Barracks ( Carlisle, Pennsylvania ): ????? ?????? . ?. XXII ?. 4: 33?46. ISSN : 0031-1723 . ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2021-10-06 – ??? Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) .
  30. ^ Thompson? Philip S. (9 ????? 1991). "III. The Lessons of History". ?? Barefield? Robert L.? McDonough? James R.? Brookes? Philip J. (????????). U.S. Army Deception Planning at the Operation Level of War (PDF) . School of Advnaced Military Studies (Monograph on operational deception at the Ulm Campaign of 1805 and Operation Mincemeat of 1943). Fort Leavenworth ? ?????? : United States Army Command and General Staff College. ?. 11?23. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2021-10-06 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-10-06 – ??? Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) .
  31. ^ Brooks 2000 ? ???? 156
    " It is a historical cliche to compare the Schlieffen Plan with ????? tactical envelopment at Cannae (216 BC); Schlieffen owed more to Napoleon's strategic maneuver on Ulm (1805) "
  32. ^ Dupuy? R. Ernest? Dupuy? Trevor N. (1993) [1977]. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 B.C. to the Present (?. 4th). New York: ????? ????? . ?.  816 . ISBN : 0062700561 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-10-07.