????? ????????
??? ??   ???? ??????? ?????????
??????? ???? property ??? ?????. ????? 23 ???? 1957  ????? 25 ???? 1957
????? ????? - ?????

???? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? 23-25 ???? 1957 ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? 41 ?? ???? ??????? ?????? (≪??? ????≫) ?????? ?? ?? ?????. ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????. ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????.

?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????. ??? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????. ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ??????. ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????. ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????????. ^[1]

??????? ????????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ???? 1957? ???? ???? ????????? 41 (≪??? ????≫) ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????????? ? ??? ???? 60 ????? ????? ??? 7 ???? ?? ??????. ???? ????? ???????? ?? 21 ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? . ???? ???? ?15 ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????.

????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? (3e RPC) - ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? - ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????. ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? 41 ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????. ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? 895? ??? ????? ?????? 30:1 ?? 23 ????. ??? ????? ??? ????? ?700 ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? 4 ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???. ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????. ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? 1298? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? 10 ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????. ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ??????.

??????? [ ??? ]

?? ?????? 30:10? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ≪???????≫ ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? 45:10. ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????. ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????.

???? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????. ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????? 55:10 ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? 30:11. ??? ??? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????.

????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????: ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????. ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? 30 ?? ???? ???? 48 ????? ??? ???? ????????? 41 ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????. ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? 200 ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????.

????????? [ ??? ]

????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? 96 ?????? ?12 ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? 8 ???? ?29 ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? 5 ????. ??? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????. ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? 45 ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????. ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ???.

???? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????.

???? ???? [ ??? ]

• ????? ??? ??????

??????? [ ??? ]

??????? [ ??? ]

• Horne? Alistair (1977)? A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954-1962 ? New York Review (????? ?? 2006)? ISBN : 978-1-59017-218-6 ;
• Windrow? Martin (1997)? The Algerian War 1954-62 ? Osprey publishing? ISBN : 1-85532-658-2 ;
• Windrow? Martin (2004)? The Last Valley: Dien Bien Phu and the French Defeat in Vietnam ? Weidenfeld & Nicolson? ISBN : 0-297-84671-X ;

• ????? ???????
• ????? ???????
• ????? ?????
• ????? ???? ??????? ?????????
• ????? ??? 1950