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??????? [ ??? ]

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????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???: ≪ ???? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ≫ ?? ≪ ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ≫. ??? ???? ?????? ??? ≪ ??? ≫ ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????????.

??? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????:

  • ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??-??? ( ??????????? : cMOOC? ???? c ??? ??? connectivism ????? ???? ????????? )?. ????? ??????? ?? ?-???? ??? ???? ??????? ??-???.
  • ?????? ??? ?? ???-??? ( ??????????? : xMooc? ????x ???? ??? ??????? )? ????? ??????? ?? ?-???? ??? ???? ??????? ???-???.

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???? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????.

?? ????? ??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ???????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? 1890 ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????. ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? 1920 ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? 4 ?????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? 3?. [2] ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? 1920 ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???????. [3] ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????. ;???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????.

?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? 2006. ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? 2007 ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? [4] ??????? ???? ???????? . [5]

?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? 2011? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????. ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ≪????? ?? ?????? ?????????≫ ???? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? 250 ??? ????. ???? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ( ??????????? : Udacity )? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ????????. ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??????.

????? ????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? 2014? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???-??? ???-??? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????.

??-??? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? [ ??? ]

??? ???? ???? ??? ??? 2008 ?????? ≪????????? ???????? ?????????≫ ????? ???? ?? ≪?? ?? ??? 8≫ (CCK08) ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ??????? 25 ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ?2200 ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????????. ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? 2005. ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????????. ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????????. [6] [7]

??? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? 2008 ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????????? (Connectivism and connected knowlege) ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???????. ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????. ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????. ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????. ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??????. ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????.

???-??? [ ??? ]

??? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ?????: ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ????????? ??? ??????. ???? ????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? "???". ???????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? "???-???" ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ????? ?????-???"? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????.

???????? ??? ????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? . ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ????? ??????. ?? ???? 2013? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??? 2,8 ????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????:

???????? ????????
????? ?????? ???????
???????? ??????? ????????? 27.7%
????? 8.8%
???????? 5.1%
??????? ??????? 4.4%
??????? 4.0%
???? 3.6%
???????? 2.3%
????? 2.2%
???? ?????? 41.9%

???? ??? ???? ??????? ??? 5 ?????? ?? ?????? 2013 ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? 1,3 ?????? ????. ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????-??? ??? ??? 2013? ?? ???? 27? ?? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? 4,5? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ?? 36? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?89? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ??????. [8]

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ≪??????? ??????????? ????????≫ ?? ???? 2014 ??? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? . [9] ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????. [10] ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ? ????? ???? ????? ? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? (???) ?????? ???? ???? .

??????? [ ??? ]

  1. ^ "??? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????????" . rwaq.org (???????????). Archived from the original on 2023-01-27 . Retrieved 2022-12-08 .
  2. ^ J.J. Clark, "The Correspondence School?Its Relation to Technical Education and Some of Its Results," Science (1906) 24#611 pp. 327?334
  3. ^ Kaplan Andreas M., Haenlein Michael (2016) Higher education and the digital revolution: About MOOCs, SPOCs, social media, and the Cookie Monster, Business Horizons
  4. ^ Goldmark, Peter (June 22, 2012). "A Website That Lifts People Up". Newsday. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
  5. ^ http://www.informationweek.com/software/early-mooc-takes-a-different-path/d/d-id/1108432 ? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? (????? ?????????)? ????? 3~0 ????? 2014 ???? ?????? 2020-11-25 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  6. ^ Dave Cormier (18 ????? 2013). [ . ??? ?????? Attention les MOOC!?! Mois de la pedagogie universitaire ]. University of Prince Edward Island. {{ ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? }} : ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? )
  7. ^ Cormier, Dave (2 ?????? 2008). "The CCK08 MOOC ? Connectivism course, 1/4 way" . Dave's Educational Blog. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-06-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-09-10 .
  8. ^ ?????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????????. ???? ?????? 05 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  9. ^ ???? ????? ?????? - ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? 13 ???? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  10. ^ ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? 23 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .