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???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????. ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????. ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????. ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ????????.

??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? . ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? . ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? (???? ??????? ). ^[1]^[2]^[3]

????? ???? ?????? [ ??? ]

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?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? solar tide ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? Lunar tide ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????.

????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????. ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ≪??? ?? 12 ????≫ ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???. ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??????.

- ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??????? (?????). ^[4] ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????.

- ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ????????????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????.

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?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????. ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????. ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???????.

?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????????. ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? 200 ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? 30 ??. ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? 4 ???? (?? 6 ????? ???? ???????)? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? 80 ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??????.

??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????.

???? ???????:

??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??????. ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? (???????) ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????????.

??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????. ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????. ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????. ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ??????:

1- ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????.

2- ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????.

??????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??. ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????.

???? ??? [ ??? ]

???? ???? [ ??? ]

????? [ ??? ]

^ Reddy, M.P.M. & Affholder, M. (2002). Descriptive physical oceanography: State of the Art . Taylor and Francis. ?. 249. ISBN : 90-5410-706-5 . OCLC : 223133263 47801346 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-03-20. {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ??? ???? |oclc= ( ?????? ) ????? ?????????: ????? ??????: ????? ???????? ( link )
^ Hubbard, Richard (1893). Boater's Bowditch: The Small Craft American Practical Navigator . McGraw-Hill Professional. ?. 54. ISBN : 0-07-136136-7 . OCLC : 44059064 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-01-28.
^ Coastal orientation and geometry affects the phase, direction, and amplitude of amphidromic systems ^{[???? ????]}‏, coastal Kelvin waves ^{[???? ????]}‏ as well as resonant ????? ???????s in bays. In estuaries seasonal river outflows influence tidal flow.
^ Swerdlow, Noel M.; Neugebauer, Otto (1984). Mathematical astronomy in Copernicus's De revolutionibus (???????????). Springer-Verlag. ISBN : 9780387909394 . Archived from the original on 2016-04-09.

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ?? ????

[Reddy-1] Reddy, M.P.M. & Affholder, M. (2002). Descriptive physical oceanography: State of the Art . Taylor and Francis. ?. 249. ISBN : 90-5410-706-5 . OCLC : 223133263 47801346 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-03-20. {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ??? ???? |oclc= ( ?????? ) ????? ?????????: ????? ??????: ????? ???????? ( link )

[Hubbard-2] Hubbard, Richard (1893). Boater's Bowditch: The Small Craft American Practical Navigator . McGraw-Hill Professional. ?. 54. ISBN : 0-07-136136-7 . OCLC : 44059064 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-01-28.

[3] Coastal orientation and geometry affects the phase, direction, and amplitude of amphidromic systems ^{[???? ????]}‏, coastal Kelvin waves ^{[???? ????]}‏ as well as resonant ????? ???????s in bays. In estuaries seasonal river outflows influence tidal flow.

[4] Swerdlow, Noel M.; Neugebauer, Otto (1984). Mathematical astronomy in Copernicus's De revolutionibus (???????????). Springer-Verlag. ISBN : 9780387909394 . Archived from the original on 2016-04-09.

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