?? ???? ???

?? ???? ???
( ???????? ??????? : 馬英九 )?
?????
???? ??????
	?? ?????? ; 25 ?????? 1998 ? 25 ?????? 2006
	??? ??? ????
???? ???????????
	?? ?????? ; 19 ????? 2005 ? 13 ?????? 2007
	???? ???? ‏
???? ??????? ????? (6 )
	?? ?????? ; 20 ???? 2008 ? 20 ???? 2016
	??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??
???? ???????????
	?? ?????? ; 17 ?????? 2009 ? 3 ?????? 2014
??????? ?????
???????	13 ????? 1950 (74 ???)
??????	??????
??? ?????	??? ????
??????	??????? ??? ‏ (1976?)
??? ???????	2
?????? ???????
??????? ????	????? ?????? ??????? (???????: ????????? ) (1968?1972) ; ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ‏ (???????: ??????? ??????? ) (1976?1977) ; ???? ??????? ?????? (???????:??????? ?? ?????? ?????????) (?1981)
??????	????? ? ???? ????? ? ?????? ? ?????? ? ?????? ???? ‏
?????	??????????? (????? 1968?)
????? ????	???????
??????	?????????? ? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ‏? ????????
???? ?????	?????????
?????? ????????
?????	?????? ??????? ???????? ?????
??????	????
???????
	????? ?????? ; ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ‏ ; ????? ?????? ?????? ??????
???????
IMDB	????? ??? IMDB
	????? ????? - ?????

?? ???? ??? (??????? ????????? : 馬英九 ? ??????? ??????? : ?英九 ? ?????? : Y?ngji? M? ? ?????? 13 ????? 1950 ) ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????. ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? 1993-1996? ????? ?????? 1998-2006? ????? ??? ??????????? 2005-2007. ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? 1998 ????? ??????? ?? ??? 2002. ?????? ????? ???? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? 16 ????? 2005. ????? ???????? ??? 13 ?????? 2007? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????. ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??? 2008 ?????? ???? ?? ????. ^[3]^[4]

?? 14 ????? 2012 ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?? . ^[5]

????? [ ??? ]

???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? (????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????) ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????. ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????. ???? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ???? (1920-2005)? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????. ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? (1922-2013). ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????????. ^[6]

???? ?? 13 ????? 1950 ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? . ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????. ^[7]

??? ?? ??? ???? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? 1972. ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? 1972 ??? ??? 1974 ???? ???? ?????. ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? 1976 ?? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 1981. ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 1984.

??? ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????. ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? (????? ????) ???? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????. ?? ??? 1981? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??. ^[8]

???? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ??? 1981 ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????. ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????????. ^[9]^[10]

???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????????. ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? 2009? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? 11 ????? ?? ??? ???????. ^[11]

????? ??? ???? ????? [ ??? ]

?? 11 ?????? 2008? ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????. ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????.

???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????.

???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? 1949 ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????. ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???????.

???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? 11 ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????. ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ≪???????? ?? ??????≫. ^[12]

?????? ???????? [ ??? ]

?? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ?? 38? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????????? ?? ??? 1984 ??? 1988? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ??????. ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? 1993 ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? 1996. ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ???????. ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????. ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????. ^[13]

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ???? ??? ??? ???? IMDb (??????????)
?? ???? ??? ??? ???? Encyclopædia Britannica Online (??????????)
?? ???? ??? ??? ???? Munzinger IBA (?????????)

?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????

????? [ ??? ]

^ Brockhaus Enzyklopadie | Ma Ying-jeou (??????????), QID : Q237227
^ https://www.wufi.org.tw/?年時期就步入?途的馬英九/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????-??? ????? ???? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????? 27 ???? 2010 ^{[
???? ??????
]} ???? ?????? 2012-03-06 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? 24? ????? ?????? 27 ???? 2010 ???? ?????? 2022-04-29 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? 14 ???? 2012 ???? ?????? 2020-04-13 ?? Wayback Machine
^ "Taiwan's Catholic president leaves the way open for better Church relations" . Sunday Examiner . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-08-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-11-08 .
^ "Biography of President Ma Ying-jeou" . Office of the President, Republic of China (Taiwan). ????? ?? ????? ?? 2011-09-15 . ???? ???? ?????? 2011-02-02 .
^ "President Ma meets University of Maryland President Wallace Loh" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-10-13.
^ Next first lady may keep her Mega job ???? ?????? 2017-06-29 ?? Wayback Machine . ?????? ?????? . 24 March 2008. "???? ??????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-06-29 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-03-26 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )
^ [zh:馬唯中 & 馬元中: A Look at the First Daughters (Pictures)]. digitalalchemy.tv . 22 ???? 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20090501083711/http://www.digitalalchemy.tv/2008/03/taiwan-election-look-at-first-daughters.html . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2009-05-01 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-03-24 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |trans-title= ????? ?? |title= ?? |script-title= ( ?????? ) ? |???? ?????= ????? ?????? ( ?????? )
^ Lewis? Leo (5 ????? 2014). "Snatched Tourist Faces Torment in Jungle" . The Times of London . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-01-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-06-07 .
^ Chang Rich (4 February 2009). Chai says president continues to lie about his birthplace . Taipei Times . ???? ?????? 2020-08-03 ?? Wayback Machine
^ Tsao, W. Y. (1988). Free China review . 38 . (7?12).

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ?? ???? ???

?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????:

[wikidata-643b35d5cedb1f9673280c480f91b60f35be97ba-1] Brockhaus Enzyklopadie | Ma Ying-jeou (??????????), QID : Q237227

[wikidata-952d9148608b63b015585251b6b976f973561cc4-2] ttps://www.wufi.org.tw/?年時期就步入?途的馬英九/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[انتخاب_زعيم_تايوان_ما_يينغ-جيو_رئيسا_لحزب_الكومينتانغ-3] ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????-??? ????? ???? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????? 27 ???? 2010 ^{[
???? ??????
]} ???? ?????? 2012-03-06 ?? Wayback Machine

[ما_يينغ_جيو_يؤدي_اليمين_الدستورية-4] ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? 24? ????? ?????? 27 ???? 2010 ???? ?????? 2022-04-29 ?? Wayback Machine

[5] ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? 14 ???? 2012 ???? ?????? 2020-04-13 ?? Wayback Machine

[SE-6] "Taiwan's Catholic president leaves the way open for better Church relations" . Sunday Examiner . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-08-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-11-08 .

[bio-7] "Biography of President Ma Ying-jeou" . Office of the President, Republic of China (Taiwan). ????? ?? ????? ?? 2011-09-15 . ???? ???? ?????? 2011-02-02 .

[8] "President Ma meets University of Maryland President Wallace Loh" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-10-13.

[daughters1-9] Next first lady may keep her Mega job ???? ?????? 2017-06-29 ?? Wayback Machine . ?????? ?????? . 24 March 2008. "???? ??????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-06-29 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-03-26 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )

[10] [zh:馬唯中 & 馬元中: A Look at the First Daughters (Pictures)]. digitalalchemy.tv . 22 ???? 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20090501083711/http://www.digitalalchemy.tv/2008/03/taiwan-election-look-at-first-daughters.html . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2009-05-01 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-03-24 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |trans-title= ????? ?? |title= ?? |script-title= ( ?????? ) ? |???? ?????= ????? ?????? ( ?????? )

[Snatched_Tourist_Faces_Torment_in_Jungle-11] Lewis? Leo (5 ????? 2014). "Snatched Tourist Faces Torment in Jungle" . The Times of London . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-01-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-06-07 .

[12] Chang Rich (4 February 2009). Chai says president continues to lie about his birthplace . Taipei Times . ???? ?????? 2020-08-03 ?? Wayback Machine

[13] Tsao, W. Y. (1988). Free China review . 38 . (7?12).

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???? ??????

? ? ? ????? ??????? ??????
???? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????
????????? ??????? (1912?1913)	??? ??? ??? ???? ?????
??????? ????? (1913?1928)	???? ????? Li Yuanhong Feng Guozhang ?? ??????? Zhou Ziqi Li Yuanhong Gao Lingwei ???? ??? ????? ?? Duan Qirui ?? ??? ??? ??? Yan Huiqing Du Xigui ??????? ?? Zhang Zuolin
????????? ??????? (1928?1948)	Tan Yankai ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???
????????? ????????? (??? 1948)	????? ??? ??? Li Zongren ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???-??? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??