????? ???????? ?????????

??????? ????
?????	???????? ??????? ???????
???????	1976
?????	??? ????? ? ??????
????? ????????	???? ?????? ??????
????? ???????	??? ??? ; ???????? ??????? ???????
???? ?????	etisalat.ae… (???????)
??????? ???????	??????? ?? &e - ??? ; ??????? ; ??????? ?????? ;
???????	????? ?????????
????????	???? ????
??????	????? ???????? ??????? ???????
??? ????????	???? ??????? ??????? (???? ???? ???????) ; ???? ?????? (?????? ????????) ;
????????	11?000 (2009)
????????	51.7 ????? ????(2015)
????? ??????	8.3 ????? ????(2015)

???? ???????? ????????? ? ???????? ???? ??????? ? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? 2005. ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????. ???? ?????? ?? 30 ????? 1976? . ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????. ^[3]

???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? 3 ???? 2015 ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? 1 ???? 1991 ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????. ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?≪?????? ???????≫ ^[1]

??????? [ ??? ]

????? ????? ???????? ????????? ≪???????≫ ?? ??? 1976? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? . ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????.

????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? 140 ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ≪ ?????????? ????? ≫ ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? 100 ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????????. ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????????

? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ≪???????≫? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? (WAP) ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? (GPRS) ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ((3G????? ??????? ???????? ???????? (MMS) ??? ???? ????? ??? ≪??????≫ ???????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ≪?? ?? ??≫.

??? ???? ≪???????≫ ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? (ATM) ????? ????? ?????? (frame relay) ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? (VSAT) ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? (ISDN).

?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ???? ≪???????≫ ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?? 265 ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????. ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ≪????≫ ??????? ???????? ≪?? ?? ??≫ ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????.

????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? 1982 ?? ???? ???? GSM ??? 1994 ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ??????. ??? ??? ≪???????≫ ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? G3 ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? MMS ???? ??2003 ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???????.

?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? 100%? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??????.

????? ??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? 2006? ????? ????? 50% ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? 2007 ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?????

??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??????? ???
??????? ??????
??????? ?????????
??????? ?????????

?????????? [ ??? ]

????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????:

?????? ????? ???????: ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ≪????≫? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??sms ????? ???????? ?????? ??????:

???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????????:

??? ??????	????????	???
???? ???????	0.08 ?????	0.03 ?????
???? ????? ????? sms ??? ??? ????	0.04 ?????	0.04 ?????
???? ????? ????? sms ??? ??? ????	0.16 ?????	0.05 ?????
???? ????? ????? mms ??? ??? ????	0.12 ?????	0.13 ?????
???? ????? ????? mms ??? ??? ????	0.49 ?????	0.50 ?????

??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ( ????? ) ????? ???? ( ????? ????! ) ??????? ??????? (???????) ??????? (??????).

???? eLife [ ??? ]

???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ????????? ??? ????? ????????.

?????? ???? [ ??? ]

?? ????? 2009 ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? (??? ??? ???????? ???????....) ??? ????? ???????. ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????. ^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]

?? 20 ????? 2009? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????. ^{[
??? ??
]}

?? 27 ?????? 2009 ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????. ^{[
??? ??
]}

?? 1 ????? 2010 ????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? 1 ?????? 2010? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??. ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????????. ^{[
??? ??
]}

?? 8 ?????? 2010 ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? 11 ?????? 2010 ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ^{[
??? ??
]}

????????? ????? [ ??? ]

???? ??????? ???????? ?? 18 ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????. ^[12] ????? ≪???????≫ ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? 400 ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? 165 ????? ????? ^[13]? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???????.

???? ???? [ ??? ]

????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????

????? [ ??? ]

^ ^? ^? "????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-04-05.
^ ^? ^? "≪???????≫ ??? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ????? 6.9 ??????? ????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-04-05.
^ ??????? ??????-. "???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ≪???????≫ - ????????? - ????? ?????? - ??????" . www.albayan.ae . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-06-01 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-07-26 .
^ Engadget Mobile - BlackBerry update in UAE reportedly surveillance software in disguise ???? ?????? 16 ???? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ArabianBusiness.com - Etisalat accused in surveillance patch fiasco ???? ?????? 11 ????? 2010 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
???? ??????
]}
^ BBC.co.uk - UAE Blackberry update was spyware ???? ?????? 31 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ The Register - BlackBerry update bursting with spyware - Official snooping suspected in UAE ???? ?????? 23 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ The Register - RIM fights BlackBerry snoop gaffe - Denies involvement in half-baked Etisalat scheme ???? ?????? 02 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Chirashi Security - Analyzing the SS8 Interceptor Application for the BlackBerry Handheld ???? ?????? 29 ?????? 2009 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . PDF ???? ?????? 20 ?????? 2010 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ BlackBerryCool.com - RIM responds officially to Etisalat spyware found in update ???? ?????? 26 ????? 2009 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ RIM Customer Statement Regarding Etisalat / SS8 Software (PDF) ???? ?????? 13 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-06-23.
^ "??????? ≪???????≫ ?? ????? ?????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-08-12.

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ????? ???????? ?????????

????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????:

[alkhaleej.ae-1] ? ^? "????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-04-05.

[albayan.ae-2] ? ^? "≪???????≫ ??? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ????? 6.9 ??????? ????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-04-05.

[3] ??????? ??????-. "???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ≪???????≫ - ????????? - ????? ?????? - ??????" . www.albayan.ae . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-06-01 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-07-26 .

[4] Engadget Mobile - BlackBerry update in UAE reportedly surveillance software in disguise ???? ?????? 16 ???? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[5] ArabianBusiness.com - Etisalat accused in surveillance patch fiasco ???? ?????? 11 ????? 2010 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
???? ??????
]}

[6] BBC.co.uk - UAE Blackberry update was spyware ???? ?????? 31 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[7] The Register - BlackBerry update bursting with spyware - Official snooping suspected in UAE ???? ?????? 23 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[8] The Register - RIM fights BlackBerry snoop gaffe - Denies involvement in half-baked Etisalat scheme ???? ?????? 02 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[9] Chirashi Security - Analyzing the SS8 Interceptor Application for the BlackBerry Handheld ???? ?????? 29 ?????? 2009 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . PDF ???? ?????? 20 ?????? 2010 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[10] BlackBerryCool.com - RIM responds officially to Etisalat spyware found in update ???? ?????? 26 ????? 2009 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[11] RIM Customer Statement Regarding Etisalat / SS8 Software (PDF) ???? ?????? 13 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[12] "?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-06-23.

[13] "??????? ≪???????≫ ?? ????? ?????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-08-12.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

??? ??

[12]

[13]

???? ??????