??????????? (?? ???????)

??????????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????. ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? (??? ??????? ???????) ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???????. ???? LBX ?? LTBX ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????.

??? ???? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????.

????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ??????? ????????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? RCA Capacitance Electronic Disc (CED). ?? ???????? ????? ????? ??????????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? 1984 ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????????????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ??? ?????? . ^[1] ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ≪????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? RCA.≫ ^[2]

?? ??????? ???????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ≪????? ????≫ ?? ????? ?????? ????? ^[3] ?????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????-??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? . ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????.

?? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? 1:78.1 (16:9) ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????????. ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? 16:9 ? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????????????. ??? ??????? ??????? 4:3? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????????? ?? ?????? 4:3 ????? ??????? (??? ??? ??? ???? ??????).

?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? 14:9 ?? ???????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? 4:3 ??? 16:9. ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ≪?????≫ 2.35:1 ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??? ??? . ^[4]

?????? ????? ????????? ????? ????? (??? ?? ?? ??) ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????. ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????.

?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? 1.78:1 ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????? 2.39:1 ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ????. ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????? 1.85:1 ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???????? 1.78:1 (16:9) ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????. ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? 1.85:1 ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? 1.78:1 ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??.

??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????. ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ≪??? ???????≫? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????. ???? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??Zebrahead. ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ≪?? ????? ????? (?? ??? ??? ?????)≫? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? Crazy Frog Axel F ???? ??? ??? Crazy Frog ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? . ^[5]

???? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? 4:3 ?? 16:9.

???? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? 4:3	???? 525 ??		???? 625 ??		???? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? 16:9	???? 525 ??		???? 625 ??		???? ?? 1080 ??? ??
??? ?????? (1.33:1)	21-263	284-525	23 - 310	336-623	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
14: 9 (1.56:1)	40-245	302-508	44-289	357-602	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
16: 9 (1.78:1)	52-232	315 -495	59 -282	372-587	???? ????? (1.78:1)	21-263	284-525	23 -310	336-623	21-560	584 -1123
1.85:1	56 -229	320 -491	64-270	376-582	1.85:1	26-257	289-520	29-304	342-617	31-549	594-1112
2.35:1	73 - 209	336-472	85 - 248	398-561	2.35:1	50 -231	313 -495	58?275	371-588	86-494	649-1057

???? ??????? ?????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??????????? (??? ?????????????) ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? (????? ?????? ??? ????????)? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???? 1.33:1 ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? 9:16.

??? ??????? ?????????????? ?? ≪??????? ??????≫ (??? ????? ?????? ??????)? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ??????? 1.33:1 ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????? 1.78:1? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ≪???????≫. ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?????.

???? ?????????????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ^[6]^[7] ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? 1.33:1 ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? 16:9. ????? ????? ??? ≪???? ????≫ ? ≪????????≫ ? ≪?????? ?????≫. ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? 4:3 ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????. ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????: ?????? ??????? ? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? 1.85:1 ?? ???? 2.40:1 ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????. ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? 16:9 ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? SD ? ?????? ?????????? ?????? 1.33:1.

????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ??? 8 ???? ?? 1980 ???? ???? ????????????? ??? ????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????. ????? ??????? 64 ? VIC-20 ???????? 128 (?? ??? 40 ?????) ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? 8- ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? MDA ????? ?????? ??? ???? CGA ? ???????? ??? EGA ? VGA ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???????. ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? PXL-2000 ?? ????? ??????????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????.

?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? Rent ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???????? 4:3? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? 4:3 ?????? ?????????. ?????? ???? Sneakers ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ???????.

???? ????? [ ??? ]

????? ????????

????? [ ??? ]

^ Haines? Richard W. (2003). The Moviegoing Experience, 1968?2001 . North Carolina: ????????? ?????? , Inc., Publishers. ?. 139. ISBN : 0-7864-1361-1 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-07-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2016-02-03 .
^ "Amarcord CED Web Page" . www.cedmagic.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-02-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-08-16 .
^ "The Smilebox Story" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-10-21 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-01-09 .
^ " Televisual letterboxes ", Image Dissectors.com , Archived from the original at the ??? ??? ???? URL accessed 4 October 2009 ???? ?????? 8 ???? 2021 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "Letterbox" . The Daily Omnivore (???????????). 24 May 2012. Archived from the original on 2020-11-28 . Retrieved 2020-09-15 .
^ "A visual reference to common Pixel Aspect formats" . www.jeremymoore.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-03-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-08-15 .
^ "Home Theater: Audio & Video Glossary - ACME HOW TO.com" . www.acmehowto.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-02-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-08-15 .

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????

??????????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.

[haines-1] Haines? Richard W. (2003). The Moviegoing Experience, 1968?2001 . North Carolina: ????????? ?????? , Inc., Publishers. ?. 139. ISBN : 0-7864-1361-1 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-07-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2016-02-03 .

[2] "Amarcord CED Web Page" . www.cedmagic.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-02-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-08-16 .

[3] "The Smilebox Story" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-10-21 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-01-09 .

[4] " Televisual letterboxes ", Image Dissectors.com , Archived from the original at the ??? ??? ???? URL accessed 4 October 2009 ???? ?????? 8 ???? 2021 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[5] "Letterbox" . The Daily Omnivore (???????????). 24 May 2012. Archived from the original on 2020-11-28 . Retrieved 2020-09-15 .

[6] "A visual reference to common Pixel Aspect formats" . www.jeremymoore.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-03-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-08-15 .

[7] "Home Theater: Audio & Video Glossary - ACME HOW TO.com" . www.acmehowto.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-02-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-08-15 .

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