???? ?? ????

???? ?? ????
( ??????????? : Louis Eugene Brus )?
??????? ?????
???????	10 ????? 1943 (81 ???)
??????	???????? ???????
??? ??	?????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ???????
?????? ???????
??????? ????	????? ???? ; ????? ????????
??????	??????? ? ???????? ? ?????? ?????
??????	??????????
???? ?????	?????? ???????? ? ????? ??????
???? ??	????? ???????? ? ???????? ??
???????
	????? ???? ?? ???????? (2023) ; ????? ??? ?? ???????? ‏ (2013) ; ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ‏ (2012) ; ???? ??????? ???????? (2012) ; ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ‏ (2011) ; ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? (2010) ; ????? ???? ?????? ‏ (2009) ; ????? ?????? ???????? ‏ (2001)
???????
??????	?????? ??????
	????? ????? - ?????

???? ?? ???? ( ??????????? : Louis E. Brus )? (?. 1943 ? ) ?? ??????? ? ???????? ? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ^[14]^[15]^[16]? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??? 2004? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? .

????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ????? ????:

????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? 2023 ^[17]^[18]
????? ??? ?? ???????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ ?? 2013
????? ???? ????????? ??????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ ?? 2012 ^[19]
???? ??????? ???????? ?? 2012
Clarivate Citation Laureates ^[??????????]‏ ?? 2012 ^[20]
????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ^[??????????]‏ ?? 2011 ^[21]
????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? 2010
????? ???? ?????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ ?? 2009 ^[22]
?? 2008
R. W. Wood Prize ^[??????????]‏ ?? 2006
????? ?????? ???????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ ?? 2001 ^[23]^[24]

????? [ ??? ]

^ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22276666 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC547879/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.19930050414/abstract . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ www.nasonline.org (???????????), QID : Q107213150
^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bN52Obt_WPg . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2023/press-release/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ "Louis Brus Facts" (???????????). {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? |????= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( help )
^ https://welch1.org/awards/welch-award-in-chemistry/past-recipients . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.fi.edu/laureates/louis-e-brus . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.acs.org/funding/awards/peter-debye-award-in-physical-chemistry/past-recipients.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://chicagoacs.org/Willard_Gibbs_Award . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/langmuir.cfm . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-10-06 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/langmuir.cfm . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-02-18 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://web.archive.org/web/20220708113447/http://www.columbia.edu/cu/csr/CSRIssues/2006_Fall_Issue.pdf . ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2022-07-08. {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( ?????? )
^ https://web.archive.org/web/20231004092524/https://www.pnas.org/content/102/5/1277.full . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-10-04. {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( ?????? )
^ "The Franklin Institute Honors 'Best Of The Best' At 2012 Awards - CBS Philadelphia" (??????????? ?????????). Archived from the original on 2020-02-21 . Retrieved 2023-10-06 .
^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2023" (??????????? ?????????). Archived from the original on 2023-10-05 . Retrieved 2023-10-06 .
^ "Louis Brus Facts". {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? |????= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( ?????? )
^ "Louis E. Brus" (???????????). Archived from the original on 2023-08-16 . Retrieved 2023-10-06 .
^ "Announcing the 2023 Citation Laureates" (???????????). Archived from the original on 2023-10-05 . Retrieved 2023-09-23 .
^ "Past Recipients" (???????????). Archived from the original on 2023-01-27 . Retrieved 2023-10-06 .
^ "Willard Gibbs Award" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-06-01 . ???? ???? ?????? 2023-10-06 .
^ "Irving Langmuir Award in Chemical Physics" (???????????). Archived from the original on 2023-06-20 . Retrieved 2018-10-06 .
^ "Irving Langmuir Award in Chemical Physics" (???????????). Archived from the original on 2023-06-20 . Retrieved 2022-02-18 .

??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ?? ???????.

[wikidata-e504a4515f8797a607e90180f5ff8a365688e8b6-1] ttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22276666 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-5f9ddfa2cc03bd5441e1950afed8f4b5e06d4ad6-2] ttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC547879/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-8358865f00153ac3de68a90f4658ba7817064ab9-3] ttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.19930050414/abstract . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-ff8ef7f9f22e882286251b9b921e6d2016fcd38e-4] www.nasonline.org (???????????), QID : Q107213150

[wikidata-ed7b97d1c75c5f139a34901f49c8101df6ef7066-5] ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bN52Obt_WPg . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-cc13237dac766767c7e01f0fdf40c3610845eff3-6] ttps://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2023/press-release/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-0097875807f0174ece93662585176f12c6a7e6e4-7] "Louis Brus Facts" (???????????). {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? |????= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( help )

[wikidata-c598f0793fbef93fb936a5e0753dbf54a9eb51ca-8] ttps://welch1.org/awards/welch-award-in-chemistry/past-recipients . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-2cfa2fa37ef34f622371b8af032744884be33473-9] ttps://www.fi.edu/laureates/louis-e-brus . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-53aed9f7f0bc2504920b41a6a64dba0fae1cb3d4-10] ttps://www.acs.org/funding/awards/peter-debye-award-in-physical-chemistry/past-recipients.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-2fb3c61b6d871b443980271c3aca0e9887c8cc9c-11] ttps://chicagoacs.org/Willard_Gibbs_Award . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-836bf977e9781c24109fbb978295cfbdf35e11cf-12] ttps://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/langmuir.cfm . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-10-06 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-7e35c7def9bc540c6f02bbadc7ca3cf424f28809-13] ttps://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/langmuir.cfm . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-02-18 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[14] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20220708113447/http://www.columbia.edu/cu/csr/CSRIssues/2006_Fall_Issue.pdf . ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2022-07-08. {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( ?????? )

[15] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20231004092524/https://www.pnas.org/content/102/5/1277.full . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-10-04. {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( ?????? )

[16] "The Franklin Institute Honors 'Best Of The Best' At 2012 Awards - CBS Philadelphia" (??????????? ?????????). Archived from the original on 2020-02-21 . Retrieved 2023-10-06 .

[17] "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2023" (??????????? ?????????). Archived from the original on 2023-10-05 . Retrieved 2023-10-06 .

[18] "Louis Brus Facts". {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? |????= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( ?????? )

[19] "Louis E. Brus" (???????????). Archived from the original on 2023-08-16 . Retrieved 2023-10-06 .

[20] "Announcing the 2023 Citation Laureates" (???????????). Archived from the original on 2023-10-05 . Retrieved 2023-09-23 .

[21] "Past Recipients" (???????????). Archived from the original on 2023-01-27 . Retrieved 2023-10-06 .

[22] "Willard Gibbs Award" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-06-01 . ???? ???? ?????? 2023-10-06 .

[23] "Irving Langmuir Award in Chemical Physics" (???????????). Archived from the original on 2023-06-20 . Retrieved 2018-10-06 .

[24] "Irving Langmuir Award in Chemical Physics" (???????????). Archived from the original on 2023-06-20 . Retrieved 2022-02-18 .

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