한국   대만   중국   일본 
??? ???????? ??????? - ????????? ????? ??? ???????

??? ???????? ???????

?? ?????????? ???????? ?????

??? ???????? ??????? ? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????????.

???? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????. ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? 1980 ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????????. ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? 1976 ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????. [1] ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????. [2] [3] [4] ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????. [5]

????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????

??????? ??? ?????? [ ??? ]

????????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ≪????? ??? ???? ???????≫ ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? . ???? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ≪??????≫ (??? ?????? ????????) ???? ?? ≪??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????≫. [6] ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? 14 ????? 1927 ?? ???? ≪?????≫. [7]

????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ≪?? ???≫ ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ≪??? ?????≫? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ≪???? ???? ????≫? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???. ??? ?? ????????? ????????? ??? ??? ?? ??? “??????” ??????? ??????. [8]

????????? ???????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????-????? ???????? ?? ??? 1980. ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ????????. ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????????.

?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? 1903 ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???????. [9] ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????. [9]

?? ??? 1980 ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????????-????? ????????. ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???. ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ≪????????≫. ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????. [10] ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????????. [11]

?? ??? 1989 ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????????. [12]

?? ??? 1991 ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? . ???? ?? ??? ????? 15 ????? ?? ???? ???????. ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? 2003? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????. ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? 2006 ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????. ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????. [13]

?? ??? 1994 ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????. ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? . [12]

???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? 1993 ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????. [10] [14]

?? ??? 1996? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ??. ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???. [2] [15] (????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????). [16]

?? ????? ?? ????? 2001? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????. ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ≪????≫ ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????????. [17] [18] ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? 18 ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????. [2] [19]

??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????. ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? 1991 ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? (?? ???? ???? ??????) ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????. [20]

???? ??????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????????.

????? ??? 1993? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ≪??? ??????≫? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????. ?? ??? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? 30 ?? ??? ?????. [3] [4]

?? ??? 1994 ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ≪??? ???≫. [21]

?? ??? 2004 ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????????. [22] ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????. [22]

?? ????? 2006 ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? . ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? 24 ???? 2007. [23]

?? ????? 2009? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??????. ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????. ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???. [24]

?? ????? 2009 ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? . [25] ??????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???????. [26]

?? ??? 2010 ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? . [27] ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????. [28]

?? ??? 2011 ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????-????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???????. [29]

??????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? 2000 ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? 11 ???? ????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????. ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????. ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????. [30]

??? ??? 2005? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????. ??? ????? ???? 6 ????? ????? 15 ???? (210 ???? 95 ??) ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????. ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????. ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????????. [31]

???? ????? ?????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????????: ?? ??? 2011 ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???????. [32] ??? ??? 2012 ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????. [33]

????????? [ ??? ]

???? ???????? ??????? ≪????? ??????? ?? ????????≫ ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????????. ????? ????????? ?? ????????? ≪?????? ???????≫ ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? 2004 ?????? 2005 ?? ???: [34]

??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????
??? ????????? 132 127 125 123 104 103 99 92 91 89

?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? 1975? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????. [35]

???? ??? ? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????????. ???? ??? ???? ?? 120 ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????. [36] [37]
?? ??? ??? ???? ?????

?? ????? 2012? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????. ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????????. ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???. [25] ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???. [38]

????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? . [39] ??? ??? 2012? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????. [40]

??????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? [41] ???? ???. [42] ??? ??? 1963 ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????. [43] ??? ??? 1964 ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. [44] ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? [45] ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????. [10] ??? ??? 1980 ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????????? [46] ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? 1984.

??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? 1992? [47] ???????? ??????? (???? ??????). ?? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????. [48] ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ≪??? ???????≫ ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? 2011 ?? ????? ??????. [49] ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????. [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58]

?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? 2011? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????. [51]

?? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? 2012. ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ???????. ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??. ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???. ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???. [38]

?? ??? 2013? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????????-??????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????. ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????. ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ???? ?????. [59]

??? ????????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ≪????? ???????≫ ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ???????. [60] [61] [62]

??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? 12 ????? 2012? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????. [60] ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? 16 ????? 2012. [61]

???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ????. [63]

?????? ??????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? 1988? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????. ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????. [64]

??????? ???????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????. ????? ?? ??? ≪????? ???????≫ ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????. [46] [65] [66] ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ????????? ? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ≪????≫ ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????.

?????? ???? [ ??? ]

  • BCIB Yearbook 2007 , Ed. Mark Fraser, CFZ 2008
  • Beer, Trevor The Beast of Exmoor: Fact or legend? Countryside Productions 1988
  • Brierly, Nigel They stalk by night ? the big cats of Exmoor and the South West Yeo Valley Productions 1988
  • Coard, R. Ascertaining an agent: using tooth pit data to determine the carnivore/s responsible for predation in cases of suspected big cat kills. Journal of Archaeological Science 34(10): 1677?1684
  • Francis, Di The Beast of Exmoor and other mystery predators of Britain Johnathan Cape 1993
  • Francis, Di Cat Country David and Charles 1982
  • Harpur, Merrily Mystery Big Cats Heart of Albion 2006
  • Moiser, Chris Mystery Cats of Devon and Cornwall Bossiney Books 2002
  • Moiser, Chris Big Cat Mysteries of Somerset Bossiney Books 2005
  • Moiser, Chris Mystery Big Cats of Dorset Inspiring Places 2007
  • Shuker, Karl     [???? ????] ‏ Mystery Cats of the World: From Blue Tigers to Exmoor Beasts Robert Hale 1989

????? [ ??? ]

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