????? ??????

????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ? ????? . ^[1]^[2]^[3] ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????????????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? . ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ???????.

???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? 1892 ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????? ? ????? ??????? ??????? (1906) ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ? ????? ???? ??????? (1910) ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ? ?????? ??????? ??????? (1913) ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????.

????? ???? ????? ????????????? ?? ???? ???????

?? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???: ?????? ??????? ??????? (1923) ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? (1926) ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ? ?????? ??????? ??????? (1927) ????? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ? ? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? (1936) ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? 1913 ? ? ?????? ????? ???????? (1936) ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???. ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? (1946) ????? ??? ?? ??? ? ??????? ??????.

?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ≪???? ????≫ ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ≪????? ???????≫ ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??? 1994 ? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????.

?? 9 ????? ??? 1956 ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? 20000 ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? (???????) ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? .

????? [ ??? ]

????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???:

??. ?????. ?? ????? ^[4] -- ≪??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????≫.
???????? ??? ??????? ^[5]
?????? ???? ^[6]????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????.
???? ?????? ^[7]????? ???: ≪??? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????. ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????≫.

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

????? [ ??? ]

^ U.S. Library of Congress. "Africans and Industrialization" . US Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-03-13 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-07-14 .
^ Jim Jones. "HIS 311 Lecture on Southern Africa 1800-1875" . West Chester University of Pennsylvania. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-07-14 .
^ Jessica Smith. "Pass Laws" . Charlotte Country Day School. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2008-11-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-07-14 .
^ ???? -- 14 ???? / ???? 97 -- ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? : ???? ?????? 01 ????? 2008 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ [121] ^ ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? (????? ??????? ?? ???????? (?????????? ??????? 11 ????? 2005 ???? ?????? 09 ?????? 2008 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "Mr Adrian Vlok extends gesture of penance to Rev Frank Chikane, Director-General in the Presidency" . South African Government Information. 26 ????? 2006. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2012-07-15 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-02-22 .
^ ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? -- ??????? ???????????? ???? ?????? 14 ???? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
???? ??????
]}

????? ???? ???????

[countrystudies-15-1] U.S. Library of Congress. "Africans and Industrialization" . US Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-03-13 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-07-14 .

[wcupa-his311-2] Jim Jones. "HIS 311 Lecture on Southern Africa 1800-1875" . West Chester University of Pennsylvania. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-07-14 .

[3] Jessica Smith. "Pass Laws" . Charlotte Country Day School. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2008-11-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-07-14 .

[4] ???? -- 14 ???? / ???? 97 -- ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? : ???? ?????? 01 ????? 2008 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[5] [121] ^ ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? (????? ??????? ?? ???????? (?????????? ??????? 11 ????? 2005 ???? ?????? 09 ?????? 2008 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[6] "Mr Adrian Vlok extends gesture of penance to Rev Frank Chikane, Director-General in the Presidency" . South African Government Information. 26 ????? 2006. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2012-07-15 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-02-22 .

[7] ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? -- ??????? ???????????? ???? ?????? 14 ???? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
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]}

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