???? ??

???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??? ( ??????????? : Grey goo )? ?? ( ??????????? : gray goo )? ??? ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? (??????? ????? ^[1]^[2])? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ???????? ?? ( ??????????? : ecophagy )? ????? ??????? ?? ≪??? ?????? ??????????≫) ^[3]

?????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ( ??????????? : self-replicating machine )?. ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ( ??????????? : Eric Drexler )? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? 1986 ??? ????? [Engines of Creation]? ^[4] ????? ??? ??? ???? ≪?? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???????≫. ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? 2004 ?????? ≪????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ' ???? ?? '.≫ ^[5]

??????? [ ??? ]

?????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? 1986 ??? ????? ?????? ????? ( ??????????? : Engines of Creation )?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? Engines Of Abundance ? ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????:

?????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????.... ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????. ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? 68 ????? ??????. ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ? ???? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????.

??? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? (??? ???????) ?????????? ??? ??? ???: ≪??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????. ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????????????. ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????. ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????.≫ ^[6]

??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? Engines Of Creation :

???????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??????. ???? ?? ≪????????≫ ??? ≪???????≫ ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????: ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????????. ??? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????????. ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????.

???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????????.

?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ≪???? ??≫ ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????:

???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ????.

??? ???? ??? ??? ( ??????????? : Bill Joy )?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? 2000 ?? ???? ????? ( ??????????? : Wired magazine )?? ??? ????? ≪ ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ≫ ( ??????????? : Why the Future Doesn't Need Us )?. ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??? 200 ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ( ??????????? : Robert Freitas )?. ^[7]

??????? ??????????? [ ??? ]

??? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???????. ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ????. ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? 1992 ??? ?????: ??????? ????????: ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ( ??????????? : Nanosystems: Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing, and Computation )? ^[8] ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????. ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????.

??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ( ??????????? : Royal Society )? ???? ???????? ≪??????? ??????? ??????????? ????????≫ ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??. ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? 2004? ???? ?????? ?????????.

??? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???. ^[9] ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????. ^[10] ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????.

????? ????? [ ??? ]

?????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ( ??????????? : science fiction )?? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???. ??? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???????? (??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????)? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? (??) ???? (??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????). ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ? ?? ???? ????? ( ??????????? : mutation )? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????????.

???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ( ??????????? : Battle Angel Alita )?? ?? ???? ????? ? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? (?????? ?????? ?????) ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ( ??????????? : space probe )? ??????? ??????.

??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ( ??????????? : Blood Music )? ????? ????? ???? ??? ( ??????????? : Greg Bear )? ??? 1985? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? 2002 ??? ????? ??????? ( ??????????? : Prey )?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ( ??????????? : Wil McCarthy )? ??? ????? ???????? ( ??????????? : Bloom )?. ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? The Day The Earth Stood Still" ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????.

??? ?? ???? ??????? ??? Deus Ex: Invisible War ? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ≪??????Nanite≫? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? nanites ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????.

??????? [ ??? ]

???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ( ??????????? : Denial-of-service attacks )? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ( ??????????? : Second Life )? ?????????????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ≪????? ???? ??≫. ^[11] ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??. ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? (???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????) ??????? ????? ??????? ????????. ^[12]

???? ????? [ ??? ]

???? ??????

??????? [ ??? ]

^ "Grey Goo is a Small Issue" . Center for Responsible Nanotechnology . 14 ?????? 2003. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-23 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-12-28 .
^ "Nanotechnology pioneer slays "grey goo" myths" . Nanotechnology . ???? ????????(????) . 6 ????? 2006. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-12-28 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch ( ?????? )
^ Freitas Jr.? Robert A. (2000-04-00). "Some Limits to Global Ecophagy by Biovorous Nanoreplicators, with Public Policy Recommendations" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 21 ???? 2018 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-12-28 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ???? ?? ??????? ??: |?????= ( ?????? )
^ Joseph? Lawrence E. (2007). Apocalypse 2012 . New York: Broadway. ?. 6. ISBN : 978-0767924481 .
^ Giles? Jim (2004). "Nanotech takes small step towards burying 'grey goo' ". Nature . ?. 429 ?. 6992: 591. DOI : 10.1038/429591b . PMID : 15190320 .
^ "Doomsday Tech 1 DVD - History Store" . web.archive.org . 20 ?????? 2014. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2014-09-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-02-18 .
^ Some Limits to Global Ecophagy ???? ?????? 13 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "Nanosystems: Table of Contents and links to chapters" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-10-08.
^ "Leading nanotech experts put 'grey goo' in perspective" (Press release). Center for Responsible Nanotechnology. 9 ????? 2004. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-02-18 . ???? ???? ?????? 2006-06-17 .
^ "Current Results of Our Research" . Center for Responsible Nanotechnology. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-05-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2006-06-17 .
^ Lemos? Robert (24 ?????? 2006). "Second life plagued by 'grey goo' attack" . ????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-07-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-12-28 .
^ Colin Milburn, "Atoms and Avatars: Virtual Worlds as Massively-Multiplayer Laboratories" , Spontaneous Generations 2 (2008): 63-89. ???? ?????? 10 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

?????? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ???????? and ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? (1995). Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-81087-5
Bill Bryson ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? (2003)
?????? ?? ? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? by Nick Szabo
???? ??: ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????e!
???? ??: ??????? ??????? ?????? from Wired

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

[1] "Grey Goo is a Small Issue" . Center for Responsible Nanotechnology . 14 ?????? 2003. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-23 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-12-28 .

[2] "Nanotechnology pioneer slays "grey goo" myths" . Nanotechnology . ???? ????????(????) . 6 ????? 2006. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-12-28 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch ( ?????? )

[3] Freitas Jr.? Robert A. (2000-04-00). "Some Limits to Global Ecophagy by Biovorous Nanoreplicators, with Public Policy Recommendations" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 21 ???? 2018 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-12-28 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ???? ?? ??????? ??: |?????= ( ?????? )

[4] Joseph? Lawrence E. (2007). Apocalypse 2012 . New York: Broadway. ?. 6. ISBN : 978-0767924481 .

[5] Giles? Jim (2004). "Nanotech takes small step towards burying 'grey goo' ". Nature . ?. 429 ?. 6992: 591. DOI : 10.1038/429591b . PMID : 15190320 .

[6] "Doomsday Tech 1 DVD - History Store" . web.archive.org . 20 ?????? 2014. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2014-09-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-02-18 .

[7] Some Limits to Global Ecophagy ???? ?????? 13 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[8] "Nanosystems: Table of Contents and links to chapters" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-10-08.

[9] "Leading nanotech experts put 'grey goo' in perspective" (Press release). Center for Responsible Nanotechnology. 9 ????? 2004. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-02-18 . ???? ???? ?????? 2006-06-17 .

[10] "Current Results of Our Research" . Center for Responsible Nanotechnology. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-05-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2006-06-17 .

[11] Lemos? Robert (24 ?????? 2006). "Second life plagued by 'grey goo' attack" . ????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-07-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-12-28 .

[12] Colin Milburn, "Atoms and Avatars: Virtual Worlds as Massively-Multiplayer Laboratories" , Spontaneous Generations 2 (2008): 63-89. ???? ?????? 10 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

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