?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
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(
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:
Addiction psychiatry
)? ??
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?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???????. ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????.
[1]
[2]
[3]
???? ????
[
???
]
???????
[
???
]
- ^
American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry, "What is the Addiction Psychiatry Subspecialty?", 2012, "
[1]
", 2/2/2013
???? ??????
20 ????? 2013 ??? ????
??? ??? ????
.
- ^
American Society of Addiction Medicine, "Definition of Addiction", April 19, 2011, "
[2]
", 2/15/13
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14 ????? 2018 ??? ????
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.
- ^
National Institute on Drug Abuse, "Health Effects", December 2012, "
[3]
",2/15/13
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06 ???? 2015 ??? ????
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.
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