?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
???? ???? ????
? ??
?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????
? ?? ?????? ???? ????
???? ????
. ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? 1 ????? 1997? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??
??????? ???????
???
??????? ????? ???????
.
???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????
????? ???????? ????? ????
??? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????
??????? ?????????
???????????? ??? ≪???? ????≫.
[1]
???? ????????? (1959-1997)
[
???
]
???? ??????? ????? ???? (1959-1997)
?????? ?????????? (1843?1959)
????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? 21 ????? 1959 ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????. ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? (?? ??? ????? ???? ????) ?? ??? 1997 ??? ?? ???????? ????? ????????? ??????. ????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? : ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???????. ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????
?????
. ????? ????? ????? ???
?????
??????? ??????. ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????.
???? ????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????????. ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????
????? ???????? ???????
. ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????????? ???? ????? ≪????? ?????≫ ?? ????? ??? ???? ????. ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ????. ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????.
?????? ???????????
[
???
]
?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??? 1843 ????????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??? 1959. ??? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????.??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???????.
???? ????
[
???
]
???????
[
???
]
??????? ????????
[
???
]
