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	????? ????? - ?????

?????? ( ????????? : Zara?u?tra) ?? ??? ??? ????? ? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ^[1] ??? ???? ??????? .

???? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????: ?????? ?? ??????? ^[2]? ??? ??????????: Zoroaster ? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ^[3] ??? ????????: ???????. ^[4] ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ^{[
????? ?????
]} ??? ????????? ?????????? Ζωρο?στρη? ^[5]? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? Z?roastris.

???? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ≪??????≫ ?? ????? ?????? ????: ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ≪????? ?????≫ ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ^[6]? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ≪??? ???????≫ ^[7]? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????: ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ≪????≫ ?? ???????? ????? ????: ?????? ^[8]? ?? ?????: ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ≪?????≫ ^[9]? ?? ????????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ?? ???? ≪???≫ ????? ???? ≪?????≫ ????? ??????: ≪??? ????????≫ ?? ≪???? ?? ????????≫ ^[10]? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ≪????≫ ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ≪???????≫ ?? ≪???? ?????≫. ^[11]

?? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ≪?????≫? ????? ???? ???? ???? ≪???≫ ?? ?????? ?????. ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????: ≪??? + ??????≫ ?? ????? + ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??≪?????? ????????≫.

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???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ? ???? ??? ????? ≪??????????≫ ??????? ≪??????≫ ???? ?? ????? ≪???????≫? ???? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????. ^[12]^[13]

????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ≪???????≫ ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ^[14]^[15]

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????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ≪?????? ?????≫? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ≪??????≫ ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ^[16]^[17]? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ^[18]? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ^[19]^[20]^[21]? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ^[22] ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ≪????????≫? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? 77??? ?? ??? ???????? ≪?????????≫. ??? ???? ??≪?????????≫ ????? ≪??????????≫? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ≪??????????≫ ????? ?????? ??? ≪???????≫ ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??????????? ??????? ???? ???????? Mazdaism ????? ????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????.

?????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? 628 ??? 551 ??? ??????? (?????? ?? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? 1400 ?1200 ??? ???????). ??? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? 17 ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????. ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? - ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???????- ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ≪????????≫? ??? ???? ????? ???????????? ????????.

???? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ( ?????????? ??????) ?? ???? ??? ?????.. ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????. ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???.. ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????.. ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ≪??????≫? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????.

???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ≪?????????≫? ????? ???? ????? ????? ≪??????≫? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????.. ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???????.

??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ≪????????≫ ???? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????: ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????.

??? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ????. ????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ≪???????≫ ???? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????????.

?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ≪???????≫ ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????: ≪???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????≫? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????????.

??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????????. ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????.

????? ???????????: "?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? "????????"? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? 330 ?.?? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? 1258 ???????.

???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ≪?????????≫ ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? . ^[23]

???? ??? [ ??? ]

???? ????? [ ??? ]

??????????

?????? ????? [ ??? ]

?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????????. ???? ??? ?????? ? ??? : ???? ??????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????? 2006.

??????? [ ??? ]

^ "Zoroaster(Iranian prophet)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. ???? ?????? 2015-05-08 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ???????? ?????: ??? ??????? ?19
^ ???? "Zoroastrian" ?? Dictionary.com Unabridged ??????? ?? ????? The Random House ???? ?????? 2016-03-01 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ???? ???????: ????? ?????? ???? ?????? 2017-08-16 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ???????? 1977: ?133:135
^ ????? ?????: ???? ????? ??????? ?78? ????? ???? ?????? (207)? ??? ??????: ????? 1968.
^ ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????: ????? ?????? ? ?257? ????? ??? ???? ???? (4 ??? ?????? ???????
^ ????? 1953: ?40:42.
^ ???????? 1930: ?.7
^ ???????? 1977: ?34:53.
^ ??? ??????? : ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ?604? ?????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????: 0000.
^ ??? ????????? ?????: ?????? ????? ?282.
^ Windows to the past: Zoroaster - Baha'u'llah ancestor, By: Darius K. Shahrokh, P. 4. ???? ?????? 2016-05-09 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ?????? ??????? ?284.
^ ZARATHUSHTRA: Prophet and Founder, By: Hannah M.G. Shapero ???? ?????? 2017-09-01 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ??? ????????? ?????: ?????? ????? ?284.
^ ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????: ???? ??????? ?????: ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??????: ??? ?????? ?????? ?90? ????? ???? ??????? (173)? ??????: ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? 1993.
^ ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?152.
^ ??????? ?????: ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?108.
^ ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ?46? ???: ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? 2006.
^ ??????? 2005: ?179.
^ ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????: ????? ??????? ?154? ????? ??? ???? ???? (4)? ??? ?????? ???????.
^ ???? ??????? ????????- ????? ???? ?????? ???????? -??????? ???????- ?????? ?????? 2012

?????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.
???????? ?? ???? ????????.

[1] "Zoroaster(Iranian prophet)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. ???? ?????? 2015-05-08 ?? Wayback Machine

[2] ???????? ?????: ??? ??????? ?19

[3] ???? "Zoroastrian" ?? Dictionary.com Unabridged ??????? ?? ????? The Random House ???? ?????? 2016-03-01 ?? Wayback Machine

[4] ???? ???????: ????? ?????? ???? ?????? 2017-08-16 ?? Wayback Machine

[5] ???????? 1977: ?133:135

[6] ????? ?????: ???? ????? ??????? ?78? ????? ???? ?????? (207)? ??? ??????: ????? 1968.

[7] ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????: ????? ?????? ? ?257? ????? ??? ???? ???? (4 ??? ?????? ???????

[8] ????? 1953: ?40:42.

[9] ???????? 1930: ?.7

[10] ???????? 1977: ?34:53.

[11] ??? ??????? : ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ?604? ?????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????: 0000.

[12] ??? ????????? ?????: ?????? ????? ?282.

[13] Windows to the past: Zoroaster - Baha'u'llah ancestor, By: Darius K. Shahrokh, P. 4. ???? ?????? 2016-05-09 ?? Wayback Machine

[14] ?????? ??????? ?284.

[15] ZARATHUSHTRA: Prophet and Founder, By: Hannah M.G. Shapero ???? ?????? 2017-09-01 ?? Wayback Machine

[16] ??? ????????? ?????: ?????? ????? ?284.

[17] ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????: ???? ??????? ?????: ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??????: ??? ?????? ?????? ?90? ????? ???? ??????? (173)? ??????: ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? 1993.

[18] ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?152.

[19] ??????? ?????: ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?108.

[20] ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ?46? ???: ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? 2006.

[21] ??????? 2005: ?179.

[22] ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????: ????? ??????? ?154? ????? ??? ???? ???? (4)? ??? ?????? ???????.

[23] ???? ??????? ????????- ????? ???? ?????? ???????? -??????? ???????- ?????? ?????? 2012

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[2]

[3]

[4]

????? ?????

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]