?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
???? ???
(
?????????
:
Etat d'Alep
)? (1920-1925) ???? ??? ?????? ?????
???????? ??????? ??? ?????
???? ??? ??? ????? ???????
????? ???
.
[1]
[2]
???? ????
???
???????? ?? ???????? ?????. ????? ????? ????
?????
???????? ??? ????? ??? ???
??????
?? ??? ?????. ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????????.
???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????. ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????. ????? ???????? ???????? (????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????????)? ???????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??
?????
??????
. ??? ????
1922
???? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? 12% ?? ??? ???? ???.
[3]
[4]
????? ??????
[
???
]
???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??
????????? ???????
? ??? ?????? ??
?????
? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??
???????
? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???????
????????
????????
?????????
????????
????????
??????????
???????????
??????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ????????
??????
?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???
???
???????
????????
??????
????? ?????
.
???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????
???????? ???????
??????? ?????? ?? ?????. ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? (?? ?????? ???? ??????
??????? ???????? ????????
?????? ????? ???????? ?????????
?????????? ???????????
) ????? ??? ???? ????? ????
[5]
??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??
????? ??????
????
?????
. ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???
??????? ????????? ?????????
.
?? ???
1923
? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? 604,000 (???????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????).
[6]
[7]
???? ?? ????? ???
????? ??????
?????.
??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? 1921-1922
[7]
|
???????
|
?????
|
???? ?????
|
?????? ????
|
502,000
|
83.1%
|
???????
|
52,000
|
8.6%
|
??????
|
30,000
|
5%
|
????
|
7,000
|
1.2%
|
?????
|
3,000
|
0.5%
|
???? ??????
|
604,000
|
100%
|
????? ???? ???? ??? ??? 1340 ?? - 1922?
[8]
[
???
]
?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????
??? ?????
? ???? ???? ????? ?????
????????
?????????
??????
.
????? ???
?????
|
??????
|
??????
|
?????
|
46238
|
51362
|
??? ???????
|
3586
|
3895
|
???? ???????
|
1747
|
1875
|
????? ???????
|
1178
|
1199
|
??? ???????
|
612
|
614
|
???? ???????
|
1396
|
1408
|
????? ???????
|
327
|
336
|
??????
|
912
|
985
|
?????
|
343
|
370
|
?????
|
394
|
459
|
?????????
|
239
|
242
|
?????
|
3150
|
3430
|
?????
|
9300
|
10707
|
?????
|
1810
|
842
|
??????
|
4102
|
3690
|
???????
|
75334
|
81414
|
???? ??? ?????
?????
|
??????
|
??????
|
?????
|
21766
|
25571
|
?????
|
801
|
700
|
??????
|
85
|
70
|
???????
|
22652
|
26341
|
???? ????
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|
??????
|
??????
|
?????
|
20102
|
21654
|
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|
294
|
305
|
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|
80
|
73
|
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|
148
|
2
|
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|
20624
|
22034
|
???? ??????
?????
|
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|
??????
|
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|
8801
|
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|
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|
63
|
56
|
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|
1
|
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|
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|
8865
|
9705
|
???? ????
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|
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|
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|
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|
9998
|
11418
|
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|
411
|
500
|
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|
4
|
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|
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|
10413
|
11918
|
???? ????
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|
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|
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|
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|
10774
|
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|
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|
9
|
6
|
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|
201
|
101
|
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|
10984
|
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|
???? ??? ???
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
87
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
6976
|
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|
??? ???????
|
471
|
474
|
???? ???????
|
17
|
17
|
?????
|
403
|
407
|
?????
|
78
|
72
|
??????
|
236
|
0
|
???????
|
8181
|
8443
|
???? ?????
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|
??????
|
??????
|
?????
|
9995
|
12358
|
??? ???????
|
3
|
3
|
???? ???????
|
37
|
36
|
????? ???????
|
1
|
0
|
?????
|
1
|
3
|
?????
|
57
|
48
|
?????
|
235
|
258
|
???????
|
10329
|
12706
|
???? ????
?????
|
??????
|
??????
|
?????
|
8167
|
9729
|
?????
|
524
|
457
|
??????
|
156
|
128
|
???????
|
8847
|
10314
|
???? ??? ?????
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|
??????
|
??????
|
?????
|
5614
|
5930
|
???? ???????
|
38
|
44
|
????? ???????
|
73
|
72
|
???? ???????
|
27
|
19
|
?????
|
38
|
33
|
???????
|
5790
|
6098
|
???? ??????
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|
??????
|
??????
|
?????
|
8025
|
8275
|
??? ???????
|
5
|
3
|
???? ???????
|
18
|
20
|
????? ???????
|
10
|
3
|
??? ???????
|
2
|
0
|
???? ???????
|
319
|
191
|
????? ???????
|
5
|
2
|
??????
|
1
|
0
|
?????
|
8
|
1
|
?????
|
5
|
6
|
?????????
|
1
|
0
|
?????
|
8
|
5
|
???????
|
8407
|
8506
|
???? ??????
?????
|
??????
|
??????
|
?????
|
495
|
492
|
???? ????????
?????
|
??????
|
??????
|
?????
|
1343
|
1409
|
???? ?????
?????
|
??????
|
??????
|
?????
|
761
|
822
|
???? ???? ???
[
???
]
????? ?????
[
???
]
???? ??????? ????
??????? ??????
?? 28 ?????? / ????? 1922. ??? ??????? ???? ???
????? ????
????? ??? ????????
? ???? ??????? ?????? ??
?????? ??????? (1925?1930)
?? 1 ????? ?????? / ????? 1925. ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? 1925? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????
????
. ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???
???? ???? ??????
????? ??????? ??? (????? ????). ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? 25 ????? 1925 ??? ?? ?????? ?????.
[9]
???? ????
[
???
]
???????
[
???
]
- ^
"??????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? viaf.org"
. viaf.org. ????? ??
?????
?? 2016-11-12.
- ^
"??????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? catalogue.bnf.fr"
. catalogue.bnf.fr. ????? ??
?????
?? 2016-03-10.
- ^
Alepppo in One Hundred Years 1850?1950, vol.3-page 26, 1994 Aleppo. Authors: Mohammad Fuad Ayntabi and Najwa Othman
- ^
The Golden River in the History of Aleppo, ((
????????
: ??? ????? ?? ????? ???)), vol.1 (1922) page 256, published in 1991, Aleppo. Author: Sheikh
Kamel Al-Ghazzi
- ^
Alepppo in One Hundred Years 1850? 1950, vol.2-page 3, 1994 Aleppo. Authors: Mohammad Fuad Ayntabi and Najwa Othman
- ^
Syria: French Levant States 1920-1936
???? ??????
2019-04-12 ??
Wayback Machine
- ^
?
?
E.J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936, Volume 2, page 301
- ^
???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????.
??? ????? ?? ????? ???
(?. ???????? 1419 ??). ??? ?????? ???. ?. 258 ?1.
- ^
"Autonomous State of Aleppo 1920-1924 (Syria)"
.
www.fotw.info
. ????? ??
?????
?? 2022-11-01
. ???? ???? ??????
2023-07-25
.
|
---|
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| | |
---|
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| |
---|
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| |
---|
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| |
---|
????? ?????????
| |
---|
|